Overview Of The Nervous System Quiz

The spinal cord is indeed part of the central nervous system. It is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue that extends from the base of the brain down the back. It is responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body, allowing for the coordination of movement and the relay of sensory information. Thus, it is an integral part of the central nervous system, along with the brain.

The correct answer is central. The division of the nervous system that contains the brain and spinal cord is referred to as the central nervous system. This system is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the peripheral nervous system and sending out appropriate responses. It plays a crucial role in controlling and regulating bodily functions and behaviors.

Axons are long, slender extensions of a neuron that transmit electrical signals, known as nerve impulses, away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands. These impulses travel along the axon, which is covered by a myelin sheath that helps to speed up the transmission of signals. Therefore, it is correct to say that axons carry nerve impulses away from the cell body.

The small gap between the axon and dendrite of two nearby neurons is called a synapse. This is where communication occurs between neurons, as electrical impulses are transmitted from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another. The synapse allows for the transfer of information from one neuron to the next, enabling the transmission of signals throughout the nervous system.

The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, reasoning, memory, and voluntary movement. It is divided into two hemispheres and consists of various lobes, including the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. The cerebrum plays a crucial role in complex activities and processes, making it the largest and most important part of the brain.

The term "cerebral neuron" is not commonly used in neuroscience or biology. The three types of neurons are sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Sensory neurons transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system, interneurons are responsible for communication within the central nervous system, and motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. Therefore, "cerebral neuron" is not one of the three types of neurons.

Motor neurons are responsible for carrying signals from the brain or spinal cord to muscles and other parts of the body. These neurons transmit electrical impulses that control muscle movement and are essential for voluntary and involuntary movements. Unlike sensory neurons, which carry signals from sensory organs to the brain, motor neurons specifically transmit signals that initiate muscle contraction and movement. Cerebral neurons and interneurons are not directly involved in carrying signals to muscles, making motor neurons the correct answer.

The correct pathway of a reflex arc starts with the sensory neuron, which detects a stimulus and sends the information to the interneuron. The interneuron then processes the information and sends it to the motor neuron, which triggers a response or action. Finally, the response occurs as a result of the motor neuron's activation.

Coughing and sneezing are not controlled by the cerebrum, but rather by the brainstem. The brainstem is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions, including reflexes like coughing and sneezing. These actions are triggered by irritants in the respiratory tract and are involuntary responses that help to clear the airways. The cerebrum, on the other hand, is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, reasoning, and voluntary movements.

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that functions in involuntary muscle coordination. It plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, posture, and coordinating smooth movements. It receives information from various sensory systems and sends signals to the muscles to ensure precise and coordinated movements. Damage to the cerebellum can result in difficulties with motor control, such as unsteady gait, tremors, and problems with coordination.