Chapter 10: Nervous System
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Anatomy Chapter 10: Nervous Tissue: Nervous Tissue and Brain
- 1.These branching structures carry information toward the cell body of a neuron.
- A.
Synapes
- B.
Axons
- C.
Dendrites
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- 2.The neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh) are stored within the
- A.
Tips of the dendrites
- B.
Cell body
- C.
Postsynaptic receptors
- D.
Axon terminals
- 3.What is the name of the space between the axon of one of the neuron and the dendrite of a second neuron?
- A.
Vesicle
- B.
Cell body
- C.
Synapse
- D.
Node of Ranvier
- 4.What is the name of the enzyme that destroys acetylcholine?
- A.
Dopamine
- B.
ACh
- C.
Acetylcholinesterase
- D.
Norepinephrine
- 5.What term describes the hopping of the action potential (nerve impulse) along the axon from one node (of Ranvier) to the next?
- A.
Myelination
- B.
Depolarization
- C.
Saltatory conduction
- D.
Repolarization
- 6.The primary somatosensory area and the primary motor area are seperated by
- A.
Broca's area
- B.
The cecntral sulcus
- C.
The pia mater
- D.
The longitudinal fissure
- 7.There are four major areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and the
- A.
Hypothalamus
- B.
Medulla oblongata
- C.
Limbic system
- D.
Cerebellum
- 8.The frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes form the
- A.
Brain stem
- B.
Cerebrum
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Reticular formation
- 9.Which word best describes the precentralgyrus?
- A.
Olfactory
- B.
Visual
- C.
Motor
- D.
Language
- 10.The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are referred to as the
- A.
Diencephalons
- B.
Brain stem
- C.
Limbic system
- D.
Emotional brain
- 11.Excessive opioids (narcotics) depress the medulla oblongata and therefore cause
- A.
Parkinson's disease
- B.
Blindness
- C.
Respiratory depression
- D.
Hypertension
- 12.Endorphins
- A.
Natural morphine-like substances that can reduce anxiety and induce a sense of well-being
- B.
Energy sources much like ATP
- C.
Secreted by the choroi plexus and circulated within the subarachnoid space
- D.
Waste products generated by depolarizing neurons
- 13.The surface of the cerebrum is folded into elevations that resemble speed bumps; these speed bumps are called
- A.
Fissures
- B.
Sulci
- C.
Foramen
- D.
Convultions, or gyri
- 14.The depression between the convolutions of the cerebrum is called a
- A.
Pons
- B.
Gyrus
- C.
Sulces
- D.
Corpus callosum
- 15.The medulla oblongata descends as the
- A.
Diencephalons
- B.
Hpothalamus
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Spinal cord
- 16.The pituitary gland sits beneath the
- A.
Medulla oblongata
- B.
Brain stem
- C.
Hypothalamus
- D.
Cerebellum
- 17.Which of the following best describes the arachnoid mater?
- A.
Limbic system
- B.
Meninges
- C.
Blood-brain barrier
- D.
Cranium
- 18.The corpus callosum
- A.
Connects the right and left hemispheres
- B.
Connects the hypothalumus to the posterior pituitary gland
- C.
Lines the cerebral ventricles
- D.
Connects the brain stem to the cerebellum
- 19.In which cerebral lobe is Broca's area located?
- A.
Parietal
- B.
Occipital
- C.
Frontal
- D.
Temporal
- 20.
- A.
- 21.The temporal lobe
- A.
Is a brain stem structure
- B.
Is a cerebellar structure
- C.
Contains the primary auditory cortex
- D.
Is a large mass of white matter that joins the right and left cerebral hemispheres
- 22.The occipital lobe
- A.
Is a brain stem structure
- B.
Performs the "executive" functions
- C.
Is called the vital center
- D.
Contains the primary visual cortex
- 23.The nodes of Ranier
- A.
Are located along the postsynaptic membrane
- B.
Increase the speed of the action potential
- C.
Synthesize the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
- D.
Store ACh in tiny vesicles
- 24.Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space?
- A.
Blood
- B.
Lymph
- C.
Cerebrospinal fluid
- D.
Cytoplasm
- 25.What is the function of the ependymal cell (choroid plexus)?
- A.
Synthesize neurotransmitters such as ACh
- B.
Form cerebrospinal fluid
- C.
Phagocytose debris
- D.
Secrete myelin
- 26.Which of the following is the type of nervous tissue that conducts a nerve impulse?
- A.
Astrocyte
- B.
Neuroglia
- C.
Neuron
- D.
Ependymal cell
- 27.The astrocytes
- A.
Support and protect the neurons and help to form the blood-brain barrier
- B.
Secrete myelin
- C.
Secrete cerebrospinal fluid
- D.
Are concentrated within the choroid process
- 28.What is the name of clusters of cell bodies that are located outside the central nervous system?
- A.
Glia
- B.
Nodes of Ranvier
- C.
Nuclei
- D.
Ganglia
- 29.What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons?
- A.
Glia
- B.
Choroid plexus
- C.
Myelin sheath
- D.
Sarcolemma
- 30.Which of the following is most related to "saltory conduction"
- A.
Dendrites
- B.
Choroid plexus
- C.
Nodes of Ranvier
- D.
Astrocytes
- 31.Which of the following structures brings information toward the cell body?
- A.
Dendrites
- B.
Axons
- C.
Nodes of Ranvier
- D.
Axon terminals
- 32.What makes white matter "white"?
- A.
Cell bodies
- B.
Neurotransmitters
- C.
Synapses
- D.
Myelin sheath
- 33.The inside of the unstimulated neuron is negative; this electrical charge is due to the outward leak of potassium and is called
- A.
Depolarization
- B.
The action potential
- C.
The resting membrane potential
- D.
The refracory period
- 34.What is the name of the first phase of the action potential that is caused by the inward movement of sodium?
- A.
Repolarization
- B.
Refractory period
- C.
Depolarization
- D.
Saltatory conduction
- 35.What is the term applied to the inability of a neuron to accept a stimulus while the neuron is still depolarized?
- A.
Repolarization
- B.
Threshold potential
- C.
Resting membrane potential
- D.
Refractory period
- 36.The repolarizing phase of the action potential
- A.
- 37.Which ofthe following is the convultion located on the frontal lobe anterior to the central sulcas?
- A.
Broca's area
- B.
Primary motor area
- C.
Somatosensory area
- D.
Visual cortex
- 38.What is the name of the motor speech area located in the frontal lobe?
- A.
The brain stem
- B.
The pons
- C.
Broca's area
- D.
The diencephalon
- 39.Which structure is also called the "emotional brain"?
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Basil ganglia
- C.
Medulla oblongata
- D.
Limbic system
- 40.The purpose of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in the neuronal membrane is to
- A.
Depolarize the membrane
- B.
Repolarize
- C.
Establish the Na+ and K+ gradiemts necessary for the development of an action potential
- D.
Secrete myelin
- 41.This structure is part of the diencephalon; it regulates the anterior pituitary gland, water balance, appetite, body temperature, and the autonomic nervous system
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Pons
- C.
Medulla oblongata
- D.
Hypothalamus
- 42.This structure plays a key role in personality development and emotional and behaivoral expression; carries out the "executive" functions
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Frontal lobe
- C.
Basal ganglia
- D.
Medulla oblongata
- 43.Injury to the occipital lobe is most likely to cause
- A.
Hearing loss
- B.
Paralysis
- C.
Loss of vision
- D.
Disturbances in gait
- 44.Which structure is called the lateral, third, and fourth?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Ventricles
- C.
Cerebral lobes
- D.
Parts of the brain stem
- 45.Which of the following contans cerebrospinal fluid?
- A.
Central sulcas
- B.
Precentral gyrus
- C.
Broca's area
- D.
Subarachnoid space
- 46.Which of the following is the middle layer of the meninges and looks like a spiderweb?
- A.
Dura mater
- B.
Arachnoid mater
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Reticular formation
- 47.The corpus callosum
- A.
Connects to the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord
- B.
Is a band of gray mater that lines the ventricles
- C.
Is the point at which all motor fibers decussate
- D.
Connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres
- 48.Parkinson's Disease
- A.
Is caused by a deficiency of dopamine within the basal ganglia
- B.
Refers to any increase in intracranial pressure
- C.
Is a demyelinating disease
- D.
Is caused by a slow cerebral bleeding episode
- 49.The medulla oblongata descends into the vertebral cavity through the
- A.
Corpus callosum
- B.
Obturator foramen
- C.
Central canal
- D.
Foramen magnum
- 50.The postcentral gyrus
- A.
Is the primary visual cortex
- B.
Is located in the parietal lobe
- C.
Contains the primary motor cortex
- D.
Performs the "executive" functions
- 51.The precentral gyrus
- A.
Is the primary motor area
- B.
Is located in the parietal lobe
- C.
Is called the vital center
- D.
Contains the medulla oblongata
- 52.Broca's area
- A.
Is concerned with motor speech
- B.
Allows the person to hear and interpret sound
- C.
Is located in the temporal lobe
- D.
Coordinates eye movements as in scanning a page in a book
- 53.Frontal eye fields
- A.
Perform a motor role regarding the eyes
- B.
Receive sensory information from the optic nerve
- C.
Allow the person to interpret visual information
- D.
Determine the color of the eyes
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