Nervous System Quiz Multiple Choice Questions

The components of the nervous system include neurons, which are specialized cells that transmit information, axons, which are long fibers that carry signals away from the neuron, dendrites, which are shorter fibers that receive signals from other neurons, myelin sheath, which is a protective covering that surrounds axons, the brain, which is the control center of the nervous system, the spinal cord, which is a bundle of nerves that runs down the back and connects the brain to the rest of the body, and sensory and motor nerves, which transmit signals to and from the brain to control sensation and movement.

A person with slowed conduction times due to a decrease in the amount of myelin sheath has an increased risk of falling and other household accidents because the myelin sheath is responsible for insulating and speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses. When the myelin sheath decreases, the conduction of nerve impulses slows down, leading to delayed or impaired communication between the brain and muscles. This can result in difficulties with balance, coordination, and reaction times, making the person more prone to falls and accidents.

The most important implication for a nurse aide when dealing with patients with nervous system diseases or complications is to report suspicions and observations, communicate with the nurse, help with range of motion exercises, and encourage independence. This is important because it allows for proper monitoring and assessment of the patient's condition, ensures effective communication and collaboration with the healthcare team, promotes physical activity and mobility, and supports the patient's autonomy and self-care abilities.

The correct answer is central and peripheral. The nervous system is divided into two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and coordinating information. The PNS includes all the nerves that extend from the CNS to the rest of the body, allowing communication between the CNS and the organs, muscles, and tissues. This division helps in understanding the organization and functioning of the nervous system.

Spinal cord injuries usually lead to paralysis. This is because the spinal cord is responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. When the spinal cord is injured, these signals are disrupted, resulting in a loss of sensation and motor function below the site of the injury. Paralysis can be either partial or complete, depending on the severity and location of the spinal cord injury.

As an individual ages, the nervous system undergoes certain changes. One effect is slowed conduction times, which means that the speed at which signals travel through the nerves decreases. This can result in slower reflexes and response times. Another effect is memory changes, where the ability to retain and recall information may decline with age. Therefore, the correct answer is both a and b, as aging can lead to both slowed conduction times and memory changes in the nervous system.

The function of the nervous system is to regulate the internal environment, control and organize all body activities, and send signals from one cell to another or from one part of the body to another.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the nervous system. It is characterized by recurrent seizures, which are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. This disorder can cause a wide range of symptoms, including loss of consciousness, convulsions, and sensory disturbances. Epilepsy can be caused by various factors, such as genetics, brain injury, or infection. Treatment for epilepsy typically involves medication to control seizures, although in some cases, surgery may be necessary.