Photosynthesis, Respiration, And Enzymes Review
Questions and Answers
- 1.
_________are substances that made during a reaction.
Explanation
In a chemical reaction, substances called products are formed. These products are the result of the reaction and are different from the reactants that were initially present. They can be solids, liquids, or gases, depending on the nature of the reaction. The products have different properties and composition compared to the reactants, and they are what we observe and analyze after a reaction has taken place.Rate this question:
- 2.
_________ processes require oxygen.
- A.
Anaerobic
- B.
Aerobic
- C.
Alcohol Fermentation
- D.
ATP
Correct Answer
B. AerobicExplanation
Aerobic processes require oxygen. This means that these processes can only occur in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen is necessary for the production of ATP, which is the main source of energy for cells. Aerobic processes include aerobic respiration, where glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP. These processes are important for sustaining life and are commonly found in organisms that require oxygen for survival.Rate this question:
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- 3.
_________ is released or absorbed whenever chemical bonds are broken.
- A.
Energy .
- B.
Enzymes.
Correct Answer
A. Energy .Explanation
Energy is released or absorbed whenever chemical bonds are broken. Chemical bonds store energy, and when they are broken, this energy is either released into the surroundings or absorbed from the surroundings. This energy change is a fundamental aspect of chemical reactions and is necessary for the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of new bonds. Therefore, energy is the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 4.
_________ is passed down from one organism to another as one organism eats another.
- A.
Carbon Dioxide
- B.
Energy
Correct Answer
B. EnergyExplanation
Energy is passed down from one organism to another as one organism eats another. This is because energy is stored in the organic molecules of the consumed organism, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. When an organism consumes another organism, it breaks down these organic molecules through digestion and releases the stored energy. This energy is then utilized by the consuming organism for various biological processes, such as growth, movement, and reproduction. Therefore, energy transfer through consumption is a fundamental process in ecosystems, enabling the flow of energy from producers to consumers and throughout the food chain.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Yeasts break down glucose using a form of anaerobic called____________.
- A.
Alcohol Fermentation
- B.
Lactic Acid
- C.
Aerobic Respiration
- D.
Anaerobic
Correct Answer
A. Alcohol FermentationExplanation
Yeasts are known to undergo alcohol fermentation, a type of anaerobic process, to break down glucose. In this process, yeasts convert glucose into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen. This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages and baking, where yeast is used to leaven dough. Lactic acid fermentation, on the other hand, is another type of anaerobic process but is not specific to yeasts. Aerobic respiration requires the presence of oxygen, which is not the case in the given question.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When the bonds of a glucose molecule are broken energy is release.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When the bonds of a glucose molecule are broken through a process like cellular respiration, energy is released in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This is because glucose is a high-energy molecule, and when its bonds are broken, the stored energy is released. This energy is then used by cells for various metabolic processes and to perform work. Therefore, the statement "When the bonds of a glucose molecule are broken, energy is released" is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
When one molecule of glucose is broken down by lactic acid fermentation ____ molecules of ____ are produced.
- A.
2 molecules and ATP
- B.
36 molecules and ATP
- C.
2 molecules and ADP
- D.
36 molecules and ADP
Correct Answer
A. 2 molecules and ATPExplanation
During lactic acid fermentation, one molecule of glucose is broken down to produce 2 molecules of lactic acid and a net gain of 2 molecules of ATP. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen and is commonly observed in certain microorganisms and in muscle cells during intense exercise when oxygen supply is limited. The production of ATP is crucial for providing energy to the cells for various metabolic processes.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When one molecule of glucose is broken down by cellular respiration 36 molecules of ATP are produced.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down through a series of metabolic reactions to produce energy in the form of ATP. One molecule of glucose can generate a maximum of 36 molecules of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria. This process involves the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, which ultimately produce ATP. Therefore, the statement that 36 molecules of ATP are produced when one molecule of glucose is broken down by cellular respiration is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Water, Temperature, and Light Intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Water, temperature, and light intensity are all factors that can influence the rate of photosynthesis. Water is essential for photosynthesis as it is used in the process of converting carbon dioxide and light energy into glucose and oxygen. Temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis because enzymes involved in the process have specific temperature ranges at which they work optimally. Light intensity is also important as it provides the energy necessary for photosynthesis to occur. Therefore, it is true that water, temperature, and light intensity can affect the rate of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The reactants of photosynthesis are Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, and Light Energy.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and light energy into glucose and oxygen. The reactants of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and light energy, which are used by plants to produce glucose and release oxygen as a byproduct. Therefore, the statement that the reactants of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, oxygen, and light energy is true.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The reactants of cellular repiration are____________.
- A.
Oxygen and Glucose
- B.
Water and Glucose
- C.
Carbon Dioxide
- D.
Light Energy
Correct Answer
A. Oxygen and GlucoseExplanation
The correct answer is Oxygen and Glucose. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP. Oxygen is required as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, while glucose is broken down through a series of reactions to release energy. Therefore, both oxygen and glucose are essential reactants in cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The products of photosynthesis energy are ____________ and ____________.
- A.
Carbon Dioxide and Glucose
- B.
Glucose and Oxygen
- C.
Water and Oxygen
- D.
Glucose and Water
Correct Answer
B. Glucose and OxygenExplanation
During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as the main source of energy for plants, while oxygen is released as a byproduct. This process is essential for the survival of plants and plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The products of cellular respiration are Carbon dioxide, water, and ______________.
- A.
Energy
- B.
Sugar
- C.
Waste
- D.
Light
Correct Answer
A. EnergyExplanation
During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the primary source of energy for cellular processes. Therefore, the correct answer is energy.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The principle pigment used by plants in photosynthesis is______.
- A.
Water
- B.
Light
- C.
Sun
- D.
Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
D. ChlorophyllExplanation
Chlorophyll is the correct answer because it is the primary pigment used by plants in photosynthesis. It absorbs light energy from the sun and converts it into chemical energy, which is then used to produce glucose and oxygen. Chlorophyll gives plants their green color and is essential for the process of photosynthesis to occur.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The overall reactions of photosynthesis and repiration are___________.
- A.
Exactly the Same.
- B.
Opposites.
Correct Answer
B. Opposites.Explanation
The overall reactions of photosynthesis and respiration are opposites. Photosynthesis is a process in which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight as the energy source. In contrast, respiration is a process in which organisms break down glucose and oxygen to release carbon dioxide, water, and energy. While photosynthesis is an anabolic process that stores energy, respiration is a catabolic process that releases energy. Therefore, the two reactions are opposite in terms of the substances involved and the overall energy transformations that occur.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Protiens that act as biological catalyst are called_______________
- A.
Enzyme
- B.
Substrate
Correct Answer
A. EnzymeExplanation
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts, meaning they speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They do this by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Enzymes are highly specific and usually only catalyze one particular reaction or a group of closely related reactions. They bind to a specific molecule called a substrate and convert it into a product. Enzymes play a crucial role in various biological processes and are essential for the proper functioning of cells and organisms.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Photosynthesis occurs in the _________________ of plant cells.
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Chloroplast
- C.
Cytoplasm
- D.
Sugar
Correct Answer
B. ChloroplastExplanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. It occurs in the chloroplasts, which are organelles found in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain a pigment called chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is chloroplast.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Organisms that can not make their own food are called ______________
- A.
Hetertrophs
- B.
Autotrophs
Correct Answer
A. HetertrophsExplanation
The correct answer is Hetertrophs. Organisms that cannot make their own food are called heterotrophs. Heterotrophs rely on consuming other organisms or organic matter for their energy and nutrients. They are unable to perform photosynthesis or chemosynthesis to produce their own food like autotrophs can. Autotrophs, on the other hand, are able to produce their own food using energy from sunlight or inorganic substances.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Organism that make their own food are called____________.
- A.
Autographs
- B.
Heterotrophs
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Chemical
Correct Answer
A. AutographsExplanation
Autotrophs are organisms that are capable of producing their own food through processes such as photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. They are able to convert inorganic substances into organic compounds, such as glucose, which can be used as a source of energy. Autographs is a misspelling of autotrophs, but the correct answer is autotrophs.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Muscle cells use ____________ respiration when oxygen is not available.
- A.
Anaerobic
- B.
Aerobic
- C.
Alcohol Fermentation
- D.
Lactic Acid
Correct Answer
A. AnaerobicExplanation
Muscle cells use anaerobic respiration when oxygen is not available. Anaerobic respiration is a metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, which is then converted into either lactic acid or alcohol, depending on the organism. In the case of muscle cells, lactic acid is produced. This process allows muscle cells to continue producing energy even when there is a lack of oxygen, although it is less efficient than aerobic respiration.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Glucose is used by plant cells to carry on cell processes and to____________
- A.
Die
- B.
Alive
- C.
Grow
- D.
Nothing.
Correct Answer
C. GrowExplanation
Glucose is used by plant cells to provide energy for growth. It is a source of fuel that enables the cells to carry out various processes necessary for their development and expansion. Without glucose, plant cells would not have the necessary resources to grow and thrive.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Glucose is synthesis from simple __________ materials in the environment through a process called ___________.
- A.
Inorganic material and called photosynthesis
- B.
Organic material and called cellular respiration
Correct Answer
A. Inorganic material and called photosynthesisExplanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which glucose is synthesized from inorganic materials in the environment, such as carbon dioxide and water, using sunlight as the source of energy. During photosynthesis, plants and some other organisms convert these inorganic materials into organic compounds, including glucose, which can be used as a source of energy. Therefore, the correct answer is "Inorganic material and called photosynthesis."Rate this question:
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- 23.
Enzymes are found in all ______________ things.
- A.
Living
- B.
Dead
- C.
Infected
- D.
Developed
Correct Answer
A. LivingExplanation
Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze chemical reactions in living organisms. They are essential for various metabolic processes and are found in all living things, ranging from microorganisms to plants and animals. Enzymes are not present in dead organisms, infected organisms, or developed organisms as they require a functioning cellular system to be active. Therefore, the correct answer is "living".Rate this question:
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- 24.
During photosynthesis energy is _________.
- A.
Stored
- B.
Released
Correct Answer
A. StoredExplanation
During photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose molecules. This energy is stored in the bonds of the glucose molecules and can be used later by the plant for various cellular processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is "Stored."Rate this question:
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- 25.
During cellular repiration energy is___________.
- A.
Store
- B.
Damage
- C.
Infected
- D.
Release
Correct Answer
D. ReleaseExplanation
During cellular respiration, energy is released. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and involves the breakdown of glucose molecules to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the main source of energy for cellular activities. Through a series of chemical reactions, the stored energy in glucose is released and converted into a usable form for the cell. This energy release is essential for various cellular functions such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of molecules.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Coenzymes are usually ____________ and _______________ or made from them.
- A.
Vitamins and Minerals
- B.
Protein and sugar
- C.
Carbohydrates and Water
- D.
Phosphorus and ATP
Correct Answer
A. Vitamins and MineralsExplanation
Coenzymes are organic molecules that assist enzymes in carrying out various biochemical reactions. They are usually derived from or made from vitamins and minerals. Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts for normal functioning, while minerals are inorganic elements that are also essential for various bodily functions. Coenzymes play a crucial role in facilitating enzyme activity and are often derived from vitamins and minerals, making the answer "Vitamins and Minerals" correct.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Cells release energy by removing a ___________ from ATP to produced ADP.
- A.
Phosphorus
- B.
Carbon Dioxide
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Chemical bonds
Correct Answer
A. PhosphorusExplanation
Cells release energy by removing a phosphorus from ATP to produce ADP. This process is known as hydrolysis, where a water molecule is used to break the bond between the phosphorus and ATP, resulting in the release of energy. The energy released is then used for various cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, active transport, and synthesis of molecules.Rate this question:
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- 28.
All enzymes are_______.
- A.
Sugar
- B.
Fats
- C.
Protein
- D.
Oxygen
Correct Answer
C. ProteinExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically made up of proteins, although some RNA molecules can also act as enzymes. Enzymes play a crucial role in various metabolic processes, such as digestion, energy production, and DNA replication. Therefore, it is correct to say that all enzymes are proteins.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Aerobic processed that do not require oxygen.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The correct word is Anaerobic.Rate this question:
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- 30.
ADP stands for Adenosine Diphosphate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
ADP stands for Adenosine Diphosphate, which is a nucleotide composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups. It is an important molecule involved in cellular energy metabolism. When ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) releases one phosphate group, it becomes ADP, releasing energy that can be used by cells for various biological processes. Therefore, the statement "ADP stands for Adenosine Diphosphate" is true.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Enzymes have a specific ___________ and ___________ at which they work best.
- A.
Shape and energy
- B.
Proteins and nucleic
- C.
Temperature and pH
Correct Answer
C. Temperature and pHExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They have specific temperature and pH ranges at which they work most efficiently. Temperature affects the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions by influencing the kinetic energy of the molecules involved. Enzymes have an optimal temperature at which they function best, and deviations from this temperature can denature the enzyme. pH, on the other hand, affects the ionic charges of amino acids in the enzyme's active site, altering its shape and affecting its ability to bind to substrates. Therefore, temperature and pH are crucial factors that determine the activity and effectiveness of enzymes.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Animals produce oyxgen which plants use in photosynthesis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Carbon Dioxide.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Energy from ATP powers the synthesis of ___________ and _______ acids in the cell.
- A.
Protein and nucleic
- B.
Protein and oxygen
Correct Answer
A. Protein and nucleicExplanation
ATP is the main energy currency in cells and provides the energy required for various cellular processes. Protein synthesis involves the production of proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells. Nucleic acid synthesis refers to the production of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, which are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. Therefore, energy from ATP powers the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in the cell.Rate this question:
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