Peritoneum (Part 1 Of Packet) For Quiz On 3/14/11
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The peritoneum is a ___________ membrane containing fat, blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves.
Explanation
The peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it. It is composed of a layer of simple squamous epithelium called mesothelium, which secretes a serous fluid that lubricates and allows the organs to move smoothly. The peritoneum also contains adipose tissue (fat), blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves, which support the functions of the abdominal organs.Rate this question:
- 2.
Serous membranes, like the peritoneum, are used to line the __________ ___________ that do not open to the exterior.
Explanation
Serous membranes, such as the peritoneum, are thin and transparent membranes that line the body cavities. These membranes serve to protect and lubricate the organs within the body cavities, which do not have direct openings to the outside of the body. The serous membranes secrete a fluid that helps reduce friction between the organs and the cavity walls, allowing them to move smoothly and function properly.Rate this question:
- 3.
The major function of the peritoneum is to hold the __________ in position by its __________.
Explanation
The peritoneum is a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it, known as the viscera. Its major function is to hold the viscera in position by its folds. These folds of the peritoneum create compartments and attachments that help keep the organs in their proper place and prevent them from moving around freely within the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
- 4.
Mesenteries connect portions of the ___________ with the ___________ (anterior of posterior?) abdominal wall.
Explanation
The correct answer is "intestine, posterior". Mesenteries connect portions of the intestine with the posterior abdominal wall.Rate this question:
- 5.
One function of the peritoneum is that it secretes ___________ ___________ which lubricates the surfaces of the peritoneum and facilitates free movement between the viscera.
Explanation
The peritoneum is a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it. One of its functions is to secrete serous fluid, which lubricates the surfaces of the peritoneum. This lubrication allows for smooth movement between the viscera, or organs, within the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
- 6.
Another function of the peritoneum is that it helps to resist ___________ by containing it and attempting to localize and wall it off.
Explanation
The peritoneum serves as a protective barrier in the abdominal cavity and helps to prevent the spread of infection by containing it and attempting to localize and wall it off. This helps to limit the damage caused by the infection and prevent it from spreading to other organs or areas of the body.Rate this question:
- 7.
LAYERS: Although they ultimately form one continuous sheet, there are two layers of peritoneum. They are the ___________ peritoneum and the ____________ peritoneum.
Explanation
The peritoneum is a thin, transparent membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it. It is made up of two layers: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum. The parietal peritoneum lines the inner surface of the abdominal wall, while the visceral peritoneum covers the organs themselves. Together, these two layers form a continuous sheet that protects and supports the abdominal organs.Rate this question:
- 8.
Which layer of peritoneum does this describe? The inner layer that is wrapped around the internal organs located inside the abdominal cavity.
- A.
Parietal peritoneum
- B.
Visceral peritoneum
- C.
Peritoneal cavity
Correct Answer
B. Visceral peritoneumExplanation
The given description refers to the inner layer of peritoneum that covers the internal organs in the abdominal cavity. This layer is known as the visceral peritoneum.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which layer of peritoneum does this describe? The outer layer that is attached to the abdominal wall.
- A.
Parietal peritoneum
- B.
Visceral peritoneum
- C.
Peritoneal cavity
Correct Answer
A. Parietal peritoneumExplanation
The outer layer of the peritoneum that is attached to the abdominal wall is known as the parietal peritoneum. This layer lines the abdominal cavity and provides protection and support to the organs within it. It is responsible for secreting a lubricating fluid that allows the organs to move smoothly against each other. The parietal peritoneum also plays a role in the absorption and transportation of nutrients and waste products.Rate this question:
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- 10.
LAYERS: The potential space between the two layers of peritoneum that is filled with a small amount (about 50 ml) of slippery serous fluid allowing the two layers to slide freely over each other is called the ___________ ___________.
Correct Answer
peritoneal cavityExplanation
The potential space between the two layers of peritoneum is called the peritoneal cavity. It is filled with a small amount of serous fluid, which allows the two layers to slide freely over each other.Rate this question:
- 11.
FOLDS: The ____________ are the folds of the peritoneum that unite the abdominal wall with the intestines. It carries blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to organs.
Correct Answer
mesenteriesExplanation
The mesenteries are the folds of the peritoneum that connect the abdominal wall with the intestines. They serve as a pathway for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to reach the organs in the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
- 12.
FOLDS: The double sheet of peritoneum suspending the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall is called the ___________ ( ________ ). It fans out to encircle the small bowel loops.
Correct Answer
mesentery, properExplanation
The double sheet of peritoneum that suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall is called the mesentery. It fans out to encircle the small bowel loops.Rate this question:
- 13.
FOLDS: The ___________ are the folds that surround parts of the colon (large intestines) and attach them to the posterior abdominal wall.
Correct Answer
mesocolonExplanation
The mesocolon refers to the folds that surround parts of the colon and attach them to the posterior abdominal wall. These folds provide support and stability to the colon, helping to keep it in place within the abdominal cavity. The mesocolon also contains blood vessels, lymph nodes, and fat, which provide nourishment and protection to the colon.Rate this question:
- 14.
FOLDS: The portion of the mesocolon that attaches the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall is called the ____________ mesocolon.
Correct Answer
transverseExplanation
The correct answer is "transverse" because the question is asking for the name of the portion of the mesocolon that attaches the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall. Since the transverse colon is the specific part being referred to, it makes sense that the corresponding mesocolon would also be called the transverse mesocolon.Rate this question:
- 15.
FOLDS: The portion of the mesocolon that attaches the sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall is called the _____________ mesocolon.
Correct Answer
sigmoidExplanation
The correct answer is "sigmoid" because the question is asking for the name of the portion of the mesocolon that attaches the sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall. The sigmoid colon is a specific part of the large intestine, and the mesocolon is the fold of peritoneum that attaches the colon to the abdominal wall. Therefore, the portion of the mesocolon that attaches the sigmoid colon is called the sigmoid mesocolon.Rate this question:
- 16.
FOLDS:The __________ ___________ is a double layer of peritoneum extending from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
Correct Answer
lesser omentumExplanation
The lesser omentum is a double layer of peritoneum that connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach. It helps to support and stabilize these organs, as well as provide a pathway for blood vessels and nerves to reach them. This structure plays an important role in the overall functioning and positioning of the liver and stomach within the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
- 17.
FOLDS: The ___________ ___________ is 4 layers of peritoneum that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach and loops down in front of the intestines before curving back upwards to attach to the transverse colon. In effect, it is draped in front of the intestines like an apron.
Correct Answer
greater omentumExplanation
The greater omentum is a fold of peritoneum that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach and loops down in front of the intestines before curving back upwards to attach to the transverse colon. It acts like an apron, draping in front of the intestines.Rate this question:
- 18.
FOLDS: Folds of peritoneum form ___________ which various organs are suspended from within the peritoneal cavity.
Correct Answer
ligamentsExplanation
The folds of peritoneum form ligaments, which are structures that suspend various organs within the peritoneal cavity. These ligaments provide support and stability to the organs, allowing them to function properly.Rate this question:
- 19.
FOLDS: The ligament that extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall is called the...
- A.
Triangular ligament
- B.
Coronary ligament
- C.
Falciform ligament
Correct Answer
C. Falciform ligamentExplanation
The correct answer is the falciform ligament. The falciform ligament is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm. It is shaped like a sickle and helps to divide the liver into left and right lobes. The triangular ligament is a different fold of peritoneum that helps to attach the liver to the diaphragm, while the coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm on its superior surface.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The peritoneal cavity is divided into several pouches or ___________ that are created by the peritoneal _________.
Correct Answer
compartments, foldsExplanation
The peritoneal cavity is divided into several pouches or compartments that are created by the peritoneal folds. These folds are structures within the peritoneum that help to support and organize the organs within the abdominal cavity. They create separate compartments or spaces within the peritoneal cavity, allowing for the proper positioning and functioning of the organs.Rate this question:
- 21.
CAVITIES: The largest compartment covering the entire width of the abdomen and extending from the diaphragm to the pelvis is called the __________ __________.
Correct Answer
greater sac
general sacExplanation
The correct answer is "greater sac". The greater sac is the largest compartment in the abdomen, extending from the diaphragm to the pelvis. It covers the entire width of the abdomen and is also known as the general sac.Rate this question:
- 22.
The small compartment lying behind the stomach is called the _________ _________. It is a diverticulum from the greater sac between the stomach and pancreas. It lies between the lesser and greater omenta. In other words: It is the potential space behind the lesser omentum and the stomach.
Correct Answer
lesser sacExplanation
The small compartment behind the stomach is known as the lesser sac. It is a diverticulum from the greater sac, which is located between the stomach and pancreas. The lesser sac lies between the lesser and greater omenta and is essentially a potential space behind the lesser omentum and the stomach.Rate this question:
- 23.
The ___________ space is created by the folding of the peritoneum in the hepatic region. It is inferior to the diaphragm and divided into _________ and _________ spaces by the falciform ligament.
Correct Answer
subphrenic, right, left
subphrenic, left, rightExplanation
The correct answer is "subphrenic, right, left". The subphrenic space is created by the folding of the peritoneum in the hepatic region. It is inferior to the diaphragm and divided into right and left spaces by the falciform ligament.Rate this question:
- 24.
POTENTIAL SPACES:This space is anterior to the liver and inferior to the diaphragm.
- A.
Right Anterior Subphrenic Space
- B.
Right Posterior Subphrenic Space
- C.
Left Subphrenic Space (Anterior and Posterior)
Correct Answer
A. Right Anterior Subphrenic SpaceExplanation
The correct answer is the Right Anterior Subphrenic Space. This space is located in the front (anterior) of the liver and below (inferior to) the diaphragm. It is specifically on the right side of the body. The other options, such as the Right Posterior Subphrenic Space and the Left Subphrenic Space, do not accurately describe the location of the space as mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
POTENTIAL SPACES:This space lies inferior to the diaphragm between the right lobe of the liver, right kidney and the right colic flexure.
- A.
Right Anterior Subphrenic Space
- B.
Anterior Subhepatic Space
- C.
Right Posterior Subphrenic Space
Correct Answer
C. Right Posterior Subphrenic SpaceExplanation
The potential space described in the question is located below the diaphragm, between the right lobe of the liver, right kidney, and right colic flexure. Based on this description, the correct answer is the Right Posterior Subphrenic Space. This space is situated on the right side of the abdomen, behind the liver and below the diaphragm.Rate this question:
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- 26.
POTENTIAL SPACES:This space is inferior to the diaphragm and anterior and posterior to the spleen.
- A.
Right Posterior Subphrenic Space
- B.
Left Subphrenic Space (anterior & posterior)
- C.
Posterior Subhepatic Space
Correct Answer
B. Left Subphrenic Space (anterior & posterior)Explanation
The left subphrenic space is located inferior to the diaphragm and anterior and posterior to the spleen. This space is separate from the right posterior subphrenic space and the posterior subhepatic space.Rate this question:
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- 27.
POTENTIAL SPACES:The potential spaces that are located inferior to the liver and divided into anterior and posterior spaces are known as __________ spaces.
Correct Answer
subhepaticExplanation
The potential spaces that are located inferior to the liver and divided into anterior and posterior spaces are known as subhepatic spaces. These spaces are situated beneath the liver and are divided into two parts - the anterior subhepatic space and the posterior subhepatic space. The subhepatic spaces are important anatomical regions as they can be affected by various pathological conditions such as abscesses, fluid accumulation, or tumors.Rate this question:
- 28.
POTENTIAL SPACES:This space is inferior to the liver in the region of the gallbladder.
- A.
Posterior Subhepatic Space
- B.
Paracolic Gutter
- C.
Anterior Subhepatic Space
Correct Answer
C. Anterior Subhepatic SpaceExplanation
The anterior subhepatic space is the correct answer because it is the space that is inferior to the liver in the region of the gallbladder. The posterior subhepatic space is located behind the liver, while the paracolic gutter is a space located along the sides of the abdomen. Therefore, the anterior subhepatic space is the most appropriate option based on the given information.Rate this question:
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- 29.
POTENTIAL SPACES:This space is anterior to the right kidney, posterior and inferior to the liver. It is a common location for free fluid as it is the most dependent portion of the abdominal cavity.
- A.
Posterior Subhepatic Space
- B.
Right Posterior Subphrenic Space
- C.
Anterior Subhepatic Space
Correct Answer
A. Posterior Subhepatic SpaceExplanation
The correct answer is Posterior Subhepatic Space. This space is located behind the liver and below the diaphragm. It is also known as the Morrison's pouch. It is an important space to evaluate in imaging studies as it is a common location for free fluid accumulation in the abdomen. Being the most dependent portion of the abdominal cavity, it is prone to collect fluid in conditions such as trauma or infection.Rate this question:
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- 30.
POTENTIAL SPACES:The posterior subhepatic space is also known as ___________ space or ___________ ___________.
Correct Answer
hepatorenal, Morrison's Pouch
hepatorenal, Morison's PouchExplanation
FYI: Text book spells Morison's with one R. I know, I'm a nerd!Rate this question:
- 31.
POTENTIAL SPACES:Four important spaces are formed by the arrangements of the ascending and descending colon. These spaces lie on the lateral and medial sides of the ascending and descending colon.
Correct Answer
paracolic guttersExplanation
The correct answer is "paracolic gutters". Paracolic gutters are important spaces that are formed by the arrangements of the ascending and descending colon. These spaces are located on the lateral and medial sides of the ascending and descending colon.Rate this question:
- 32.
POTENTIAL SPACES:The opening between the greater and lesser sac is known as the _________ of _________.
Correct Answer
Foramen, Winslow
Foramen Winslow
Foramen of WinslowExplanation
The correct answer is "Foramen of Winslow". The opening between the greater and lesser sac is referred to as the Foramen of Winslow.Rate this question:
- 33.
POTENTIAL SPACES:The Foramen of Winslow is also known as the __________ foramen or the __________ foramen.
Correct Answer
epiploic, omental
omental, epiploicExplanation
The Foramen of Winslow is a passage located in the abdomen that connects the greater and lesser sacs of the peritoneal cavity. It is also known as the epiploic foramen or the omental foramen. The term "epiploic" refers to the omentum, which is a fold of peritoneum that attaches to the stomach and other abdominal organs. Similarly, the term "omental" refers to the omentum as well. Therefore, both options provided in the answer are correct and interchangeable.Rate this question:
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