Pediatric Quiz (August 2010)
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Large heart size is seen in all except
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VSD
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Pericardial Effusion
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TOF
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ASD
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- 2.
Pericardlal effusion can be most reliable differentiated from congestive cardiac failure by
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Shifting dullness at base of heart
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Presence of pulsus paradoxus
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Radioisotope cardiac scan
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Fluoroscopy
Correct Answer
A. Presence of pulsus paradoxusExplanation
Pulsus paradoxus refers to an abnormally large decrease in blood pressure during inspiration. This is a characteristic finding in pericardial effusion, where fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, causing compression and impaired cardiac filling. In congestive cardiac failure, the primary pathology is impaired pumping function of the heart, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs and peripheral tissues. The presence of pulsus paradoxus is a reliable indicator of pericardial effusion and can help differentiate it from congestive cardiac failure.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Systemic hypertension is recognized in following conditions except
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Takayasu's arteritis
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Cushing syndrome
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Moya-moya disease
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Hypothyroidism
Correct Answer
A. HypothyroidismExplanation
Systemic hypertension is a common symptom of Takayasu's arteritis, Cushing syndrome, and Moya-moya disease. However, it is not typically associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is more commonly associated with hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than hypertension (high blood pressure). Therefore, hypothyroidism is the exception among the given conditions.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Clinical features of constrictive pericarditis include each of the following condition except
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Prominently descent in grossly engorged jugular veins
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Pulsus paradoxus
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Quiet precordium without any murmur
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Small sized heart
Correct Answer
A. Small sized heartExplanation
The clinical features of constrictive pericarditis include prominently descent in grossly engorged jugular veins, pulsus paradoxus, and a quiet precordium without any murmur. However, a small-sized heart is not a characteristic feature of constrictive pericarditis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The commonest chromosomal anomaly is
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Trisomy 13
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Trisomy18
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Trisomy 21
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Fragile X syndrome
Correct Answer
A. Trisomy 21Explanation
Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, is the most common chromosomal anomaly. It is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in physical and intellectual disabilities. Trisomy 13 and trisomy 18 are also chromosomal anomalies, but they are less common than trisomy 21. Fragile X syndrome, on the other hand, is not a chromosomal anomaly but a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Most common cause of seizures in a one day old neonate is
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Hypoglycemia
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Inborn error of metabolism
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Asphyxia neonatorum
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Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer
A. Asphyxia neonatorumExplanation
Asphyxia neonatorum refers to a condition where a newborn experiences a lack of oxygen during birth. This can lead to seizures in a one-day-old neonate. Hypoglycemia, inborn errors of metabolism, and hypocalcemia can also cause seizures in neonates, but asphyxia neonatorum is the most common cause in this specific age group.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The most common complication of Mumps in children is :
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Orchitis
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Aseptic meningitis
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Otitis media
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Myocarditis
Correct Answer
A. Aseptic meningitisExplanation
Aseptic meningitis is the most common complication of Mumps in children. Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects the salivary glands. However, it can also lead to inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, causing aseptic meningitis. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as headache, fever, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. While other complications like orchitis (inflammation of the testicles), otitis media (middle ear infection), and myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) can occur in Mumps, aseptic meningitis is the most frequently observed complication.Rate this question:
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- 8.
All of the following are true regarding Diphtheria except:
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Causes parotitis
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Vaccination does not prevent carrier state
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Nasal carriers are most dangerous
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No subclinical cases
Correct Answer
A. Causes parotitisExplanation
Diphtheria is a bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It primarily affects the respiratory system and can lead to severe complications. The given statement "Causes parotitis" is incorrect because diphtheria does not cause parotitis, which is inflammation of the salivary glands. Instead, diphtheria primarily affects the throat and can cause a thick grayish coating to form in the back of the throat, making it difficult to breathe. Other symptoms include fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Commonest cause of anaemia during childhood
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Vitamin B12 deficiency
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Iron deficiency
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Pyridoxine deficiency
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FOlic acid deficiency
Correct Answer
A. Iron deficiencyExplanation
Iron deficiency is the commonest cause of anemia during childhood. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. A deficiency in iron leads to a decrease in the production of hemoglobin, resulting in anemia. Iron deficiency can occur due to inadequate intake of iron-rich foods or poor absorption of iron in the body. It is more common in children who have a diet lacking in iron-rich foods or have increased iron requirements due to rapid growth. Vitamin B12 deficiency, pyridoxine deficiency, and folate deficiency can also cause anemia, but they are not as common as iron deficiency in childhood.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Commonest cause of cholestatic jaundice in newborn is
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Physiological jaundice
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Choledochal cyst
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Idiopathic infantile hepatitis
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Galactosemia
Correct Answer
A. Idiopathic infantile hepatitisExplanation
The commonest cause of cholestatic jaundice in newborns is idiopathic infantile hepatitis. This condition refers to inflammation of the liver in infants without a known cause. It is characterized by a blockage in the flow of bile, leading to the buildup of bilirubin and resulting in jaundice. Physiological jaundice is a normal condition that occurs in many newborns and resolves on its own without treatment. Choledochal cyst and galactosemia are other conditions that can cause jaundice in newborns, but they are not as common as idiopathic infantile hepatitis.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Aug 07, 2010Quiz Created by
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