Ped's Test 1 Material Quiz

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2. Nurses have a legal responsibility and are mandated by law to report suspected or actual cases of child abuse.

True

False

ATI pg 610

Explanation

ATI pg 610

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5. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the most definitive diagnostic procedure for Meningitis.

True

False

ATI p. 465

Explanation

ATI p. 465

6. Isolation should occur as soon as meningitis is suspected in the child.

True

False

ATI p. 466 Isolate the child as soon as meningitis is suspected. Isolation usually is in the ICU. Initiate and manintain isolation precautions per facility protocol. Continue for 24 hrs after the first antibiotic has been administered.

Explanation

ATI p. 466 Isolate the child as soon as meningitis is suspected. Isolation usually is in the ICU. Initiate and manintain isolation precautions per facility protocol. Continue for 24 hrs after the first antibiotic has been administered.

7. Development is cephalocaudal; therefore, before the infant can walk, he/she must develop the skills of sitting and standing.

True

False

ATI pg 43

Explanation

ATI pg 43

8. Which of the following activities demonstrates that a school-age child is working toward a healthy achievement of Erikson's developmental task of industry??

The child brings home completed school work to show parents.

The child prefers to watch cartoons on TV rather than practicing the piano.

The child depends on older siblings to tell him what to wear to school.

The child refuses to play by the rules of a board game.

ATI p. 71 School age children are working on developing a sense of industry, which becomes inferiority when the child does not achieve the tasks. School age children are proud of their academic achievements. While it may be easier to watch TV or to let others decide what to wear, those activities do not demonstrate industry. Following the rules helps the child develop feelings of accomplishment and achievement.

Explanation

ATI p. 71 School age children are working on developing a sense of industry, which becomes inferiority when the child does not achieve the tasks. School age children are proud of their academic achievements. While it may be easier to watch TV or to let others decide what to wear, those activities do not demonstrate industry. Following the rules helps the child develop feelings of accomplishment and achievement.

9. Health promotion for adolescents should include screening for Scoliosis.

True

False

Health promotion for adolescents should include screening for scoliosis because it is a common condition that affects the spine, particularly during the growth spurt of adolescence. Early detection through screening can lead to timely intervention and treatment, preventing the progression of scoliosis and reducing the risk of complications. Regular screening can help identify cases that may require further evaluation and referral to specialists for appropriate management. By including scoliosis screening as part of health promotion, healthcare providers can ensure the early detection and management of scoliosis in adolescents, promoting their overall health and well-being.

Explanation

Health promotion for adolescents should include screening for scoliosis because it is a common condition that affects the spine, particularly during the growth spurt of adolescence. Early detection through screening can lead to timely intervention and treatment, preventing the progression of scoliosis and reducing the risk of complications. Regular screening can help identify cases that may require further evaluation and referral to specialists for appropriate management. By including scoliosis screening as part of health promotion, healthcare providers can ensure the early detection and management of scoliosis in adolescents, promoting their overall health and well-being.

10. Fruit juices should be limited to 4 to 6 oz per day for toddlers.

True

False

ATI p. 87 Fruit juices are high in sugar content and should be limited for toddlers.

Explanation

ATI p. 87 Fruit juices are high in sugar content and should be limited for toddlers.

11. Children are not affected by cultural barriers.

True

False

ATI pg 17

Explanation

ATI pg 17

12. Adolescents are likely to take risks because...

They are incapable of thinking at an adult level.

They see themselves as invincible to bad outcomes.

They have a short attention span.

They have no respect for the rules.

ATI p. 78

Explanation

ATI p. 78

13. A toddler's anterior fontanel closes by age 18 months.

True

False

ATI p. 45

Explanation

ATI p. 45

14. When placing an infant in a crib to sleep, which position is best?

Prone

Supine

Side-lying

Head elevated 30 degrees

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

15. A mother of an 8 month old asks the nurse what to feed her infant because she wants to stop breastfeeding. The nurse should recommend:

Formula

2% milk

Whole milk

Orange juice

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Formula is most appropriate for an 8 month old when a mother decides to stop breastfeeding. 2% milk isn't recommended until the child is 2 years old, and whole milk shouldn't be offered until the child is 12 months old. Orange juice is added only after the first year because of the high incidence of allergies.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Formula is most appropriate for an 8 month old when a mother decides to stop breastfeeding. 2% milk isn't recommended until the child is 2 years old, and whole milk shouldn't be offered until the child is 12 months old. Orange juice is added only after the first year because of the high incidence of allergies.

16. Which of the following foods should be introduced into the infant's diet first?

Strained yellow vegetables

Iron-fortified cereals

Pureed fruits

Whole milk

ATI pg 44. Cereal is the first solid food introduced to an infant. Maternal iron stores in the infant begin to diminish around 4 months.

Explanation

ATI pg 44. Cereal is the first solid food introduced to an infant. Maternal iron stores in the infant begin to diminish around 4 months.

17. Which of the following play activities is expected for a preschooler?

Playing on a soccer team

Reading a book quietly

Playing the violin

Finger Painting

ATI p. 95 Finger painting is a creative activity for the preschooler. Playing on a sports team, reading, and/or playing a musical instrument are activities for older children.

Explanation

ATI p. 95 Finger painting is a creative activity for the preschooler. Playing on a sports team, reading, and/or playing a musical instrument are activities for older children.

18. A mother of a 2-month old infant asks a nurse when she should introduce solid foods into her infant's diet. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate regarding the mother's question?

"Infants should only be given breast milk until they are 1 year old".

"You may feed your baby rice cereal at 6 months".

"You may feed your baby cereal now if he seems to be hungry after he eats".

"Infants can be given yellow vegetables when they are 4 months old".

ATI. p 86 Although breast milk is recommended for up to 1 year, infants may be given iron-fortified cereal, such as rice cereal, between 4 to 6 months. Iron fortified cereal is the first solid food to be introduced, followed by vegetables and fruits.

Explanation

ATI. p 86 Although breast milk is recommended for up to 1 year, infants may be given iron-fortified cereal, such as rice cereal, between 4 to 6 months. Iron fortified cereal is the first solid food to be introduced, followed by vegetables and fruits.

19. The parent of a 2 year old toddler tells the nurse that she is frustrated with her child's behaviors. The child throws temper tantrums and says "no"" every time she tries to help her. Although the parent knows toddlers do this, she cannot understand why. The nurse explains that toddlers are often negative, which is the normal expression of their desire to:

Increase their independence

Develop their sense of trust

Gratify their oral fixation

Finish a project they set out to do

ATI 53

Explanation

ATI 53

20. Erikson's Stage of Development for pre-schoolers is Initiative vs. Guilt.

True

False

ATI p. 54.

Explanation

ATI p. 54.

21. A two year old child is admitted for possible bacterial meningitis. Which action should the nurse take first?

Read the child's history and physical examination report.

Assess the child's neurologic status.

Interview the child's mother and father.

Administer oxygen at 3L/minute by nasal cannula.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Acute meningitis can be a pediatric emergency. It's important to assess neurologic status to determine the child's condition and guide treatment options.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Acute meningitis can be a pediatric emergency. It's important to assess neurologic status to determine the child's condition and guide treatment options.

22. Toddlers should not be allowed to eat sandwiches.

True

False

ATI 87 Toddlers enjoy eating finger foods. These foods provide them with a sense of AUTONOMY.

Explanation

ATI 87 Toddlers enjoy eating finger foods. These foods provide them with a sense of AUTONOMY.

23. A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a group of parents whose children attend a local day care. Which of the following is the most effective way to encourage good nutritional habits for preschool children?

Offer snacks if the child does not like what is served.

Serve nutritious foods that all family members will eat.

Allow the child to eat only what she asks for.

Insist that the child eat all of the food that is served to her.

ATI pg. 61

Explanation

ATI pg. 61

24. A 13 month old toddler is being discharged from the hospital. Which of the following potential health risks should be addressed with the parents?? Choose all that apply.

Cholesterol screening

Poisoning

Peer pressure

Burns

When to leave the child home alone

Falls

ATI pg 53

Explanation

ATI pg 53

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25. Magical thinking can be the cause of preschooler's feelings of guilt.

True

False

ATI pg. 62 Words and thoughts are powerful to preschoolers. They believe that others can see the thoughts they have. Therefore, if something bad happens and the child thought bad thoughts, then the child believes he is responsible for the event.

Explanation

ATI pg. 62 Words and thoughts are powerful to preschoolers. They believe that others can see the thoughts they have. Therefore, if something bad happens and the child thought bad thoughts, then the child believes he is responsible for the event.

26. Before cleaning an abrasion on a 3 year old, what diversional activity could a nurse use to help decrease the child's anxiety?

Give the child pain medication as prescribed

Tell the child what to expect

Allow the child to pick out a sticker

Have the child "clean the owie" on her doll

ATI 94 Having the child perform a task on a comfort toy such as a doll helps reduce anxiety. Giving pain medication does not reduce anxiety, nor is it a diversional activity. Telling the child what to expect may not help a preschooler understand the procedure. Selecting a reward should happen after the procedure is completed.

Explanation

ATI 94 Having the child perform a task on a comfort toy such as a doll helps reduce anxiety. Giving pain medication does not reduce anxiety, nor is it a diversional activity. Telling the child what to expect may not help a preschooler understand the procedure. Selecting a reward should happen after the procedure is completed.

27. A 5 year old child with autism lives with her mother, two brothers, and grandmother. Which of the following describes this family's composition?

Nuclear

Blended

Extended

Same sex

From ATI pg 7

Explanation

From ATI pg 7

28. The Denver Developmental Screening Test II is used to determine the:

Physical ability of the child to perform a task requiring strength.

Emotional maturity of the child compared with other children of the same age

IQ of a child and comparison of the child's IQ to other children of the same age.

Degree to which a child is developmentally like other children.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

29. A nurse is assessing a 7 month old brought to the clinic for a well baby check-up. Which behavior is expected to develop first in a healthy 7 month old?

Walking

Placing objects in a container

Sitting up

Throwing a ball

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. The ability to sit up should appear first. Proximodistal development dictates that an infant would learn to sit up before learning to control the arm-hand coordination needed to place objects in a container or to throw a ball.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. The ability to sit up should appear first. Proximodistal development dictates that an infant would learn to sit up before learning to control the arm-hand coordination needed to place objects in a container or to throw a ball.

30. A parent of a 17-month old toddler is frustrated with the toddler's behavior. The parent tells the nurse that the child is "bad" but doesn't know how to make the toddler behave better. Which of the following responses should the nurse make to this parent?

"Allow your child to learn by trial and error".

"Consistently enforce well-defined limits, such as no climbing on the counters".

"Reward your child's good behavior, but ignore the bad behaviors".

"Punish your child when he behaves badly".

ATI p. 52

Explanation

ATI p. 52

31. ____________ or aseptic, meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and commonly resolves without treatment.

Bacterial

Clinical

Viral

Nuchal

ATI p. 464 Viral is the most common. Bacterial, or septic meningitis is a contagious infection with a high mortality rate. The prognosis depends on the supportive care given to the child.

Explanation

ATI p. 464 Viral is the most common. Bacterial, or septic meningitis is a contagious infection with a high mortality rate. The prognosis depends on the supportive care given to the child.

32. Which position should the child be placed in for Lumbar Puncture (LP)?

Supine

Sims

Prone

Fetal

ATI p. 464 Place the child in the fetal position and assist in maintaining position. May need to use distraction.

Explanation

ATI p. 464 Place the child in the fetal position and assist in maintaining position. May need to use distraction.

33. While caring for a 6 year old with basilar skull fracture, the nurse notices that the child had developed a fever and is becoming drowsy. The nurse should suspect which condition?

Meningitis

Hemorrhage

Herniation

Edema

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. If a child with a basilar skull fracture develops a fever and demonstrates increased drowsiness, the nurse should suspect posttraumatic meningitis. Hemorrhage causes headache vomiting and irritability, but not fever. Cerebral edema causes signs of increased intracranial pressure, not fever, and could cause herniation.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. If a child with a basilar skull fracture develops a fever and demonstrates increased drowsiness, the nurse should suspect posttraumatic meningitis. Hemorrhage causes headache vomiting and irritability, but not fever. Cerebral edema causes signs of increased intracranial pressure, not fever, and could cause herniation.

34. A 12 year old is to be hospitalized for several weeks. The most appropriate activity for the nurse to include when planning diversionary activities is:

Offering to play card games

Permitting television watching

Providing supplies for drawing pictures

Encouraging continuation of schoolwork

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review.This activity provides the child with a familiar routine; it encompasses the age-appropriate developmental tasks of industry vs. inferiority.(Erikson)

Explanation

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review.This activity provides the child with a familiar routine; it encompasses the age-appropriate developmental tasks of industry vs. inferiority.(Erikson)

35. A 4 month old is diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in the Emergency Department. When the infant arrives at the pediatric unit, the nurse's first action is to:

Check the i.v. fluid site

Take the infant's vital signs

Check the infant's neurologic status

Place the infant in a private room and initiate droplet precautions

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. On arrival to the unit the infant should be placed in a private room with droplet precautions to protect the staff and others from infection.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. On arrival to the unit the infant should be placed in a private room with droplet precautions to protect the staff and others from infection.

36. A 3-year old is admitted with respiratory syncytial virus infection. The nurse obtains a history of ritualistic behavior for the child to:

Allow the child's routine to be continued

Make the parents feel more in control of the environment

Give herself more control over the child's behavior

Decrease the child's sense of separation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. The nurse should obtain a health history of the child that includes ritualistic behavior (such as reading before bed)so that the child's typical routine can be continued.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. The nurse should obtain a health history of the child that includes ritualistic behavior (such as reading before bed)so that the child's typical routine can be continued.

37. Piaget's developmental theory type is psychosocial.

True

False

Cognitive ATI pg 45

Explanation

Cognitive ATI pg 45

38. During a well baby check up, the nurse assesses the social development of an infant. At what age does the nurse expect to see the social smile?

2 months

4 months

6 months

8 months

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.

39. A nurse is examining a 4 year old during a routine visit. Which finding gives the most concern?

He clings to his mother.

His speech is intelligible 80% of the time.

He has an imaginary playmate.

He stutters occasionally.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Child's speech should be intelligible by age 4; if it isn't he may have a developmental delay or hearing defect.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Child's speech should be intelligible by age 4; if it isn't he may have a developmental delay or hearing defect.

40. When performing the initial assessment on an infant with possible meningitis, the nurse found that when the infant's head was flexed his knees and hips also flexed. The nurse should document this finding as:

Kernig's sign

Nuchal rigidity

Brudzinski's sign

Cushing's reflex

Jennifer Hardin's first date maneuver

ATI p 470. Brudzinski's sign is the fexion of the hips and knees when the child's head is purposefully flexed. Kernig's sign is the pain associated with extending the knee when the hip is flexed. Nchal rigidity is resistance of the neck to passive range of motion. Cushing's reflex is a late neurological sign of increased intracranial pressure in which there is increased blood pressure with widened pulse pressure and bradycardia. Jennifer Hardin does not require a date to do this.

Explanation

ATI p 470. Brudzinski's sign is the fexion of the hips and knees when the child's head is purposefully flexed. Kernig's sign is the pain associated with extending the knee when the hip is flexed. Nchal rigidity is resistance of the neck to passive range of motion. Cushing's reflex is a late neurological sign of increased intracranial pressure in which there is increased blood pressure with widened pulse pressure and bradycardia. Jennifer Hardin does not require a date to do this.

41. 7 year old with fever, stiff neck, photophobia, headache, positive Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. LP: normal glucose, mononuclear WBC's, Gram stain negative for organisms. Diagnosis?

Encephalitis

Bacterial Meningitis

Viral Meningitis

NCLEX-RN Current Clinical Strategies Question Bank.

Explanation

NCLEX-RN Current Clinical Strategies Question Bank.

42. When screening a child for scoliosis, which finding should be concern to the nurse?

Uneven gait

Raised iliac crest

Decreased trunk flexion

Obesity

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. A raised iliac crest may be a warning sign of scoliosis because it may result from a curvature in the lumbar spine. An uneven gait can indicate differing leg lengths. Decreased trunk flexion and obesity aren't signs of scoliosis.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. A raised iliac crest may be a warning sign of scoliosis because it may result from a curvature in the lumbar spine. An uneven gait can indicate differing leg lengths. Decreased trunk flexion and obesity aren't signs of scoliosis.

43. A nurse is assessing an adolescent's development during a checkup. Which behavior demonstrates that the adolescent is in Piaget's stage of formal operations?

Understanding cause and effect.

Assimilation and Accommodation

Object permanence

Planning for the future.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Piaget's stage of formal operations is the ability of the adolescent to see the future and state goals.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. Piaget's stage of formal operations is the ability of the adolescent to see the future and state goals.

44. A 5 year old child is hospitalized and is in skeletal traction for a fractured femur. Which of the following is the most appropriate diversional activity for this child?

Putting together a jigsaw puzzle

Playing with puppets

Watching TV

Stacking blocks to build towers

ATI p. 96 Playing with puppets provides the preschool child an avenue for expressing creativity, fears, anxieties, and pain. Putting together a jigsaw puzzle is an activity an older child might enjoy. Watching TV might provide diversion for a 5 year old, but would not be the best activity. Stacking blocks is an activity for toddlers.

Explanation

ATI p. 96 Playing with puppets provides the preschool child an avenue for expressing creativity, fears, anxieties, and pain. Putting together a jigsaw puzzle is an activity an older child might enjoy. Watching TV might provide diversion for a 5 year old, but would not be the best activity. Stacking blocks is an activity for toddlers.

45. The nurse manager of a home health care agency is teaching a group of nursing assistants about pica. The nurse explains why this practice is more common among:

Toddlers

Older Adults

Preschoolers

Pregnant women

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review. Mouthing is a typical activity of young children from 18 to 36 months; thus toddlers are at the highest risk for lead ingestion and other problems related to poisoning. There is no evidence of this in the older population. Children from 3 to 6 mouth objects as well, but not as frequently as toddlers.

Explanation

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review. Mouthing is a typical activity of young children from 18 to 36 months; thus toddlers are at the highest risk for lead ingestion and other problems related to poisoning. There is no evidence of this in the older population. Children from 3 to 6 mouth objects as well, but not as frequently as toddlers.

46. An 8-month-old infant is brought into the health facility by his parent. The nurse notes several bruises on the infant's abdomen, legs, and arms. The infant also has a cut on his scalp, his clothes are dirty, and he has areas of redness and skin breakdown around his buttocks and scrotum. When assessing this infant for abuse, the nurse should look for which of the following manifestations? choose all that apply

Normal Growth and Development

Bruising, welts, and lacerations

Poor hygiene

Smiles at care givers

Fear of strangers

ATI pg 44. Question asks for MANIFESTATIONS.

Explanation

ATI pg 44. Question asks for MANIFESTATIONS.

Submit

47. Which behavior indicates normal biological development?

A six week old begins to roll from his abdomen to his back.

A six month old sits without support.

A seven month old transfers a toy from hand to hand.

An eight month old begins to stand unassisted and walk.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. By age 7 months and infant is typically able to transfer a toy from hand to hand.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book. By age 7 months and infant is typically able to transfer a toy from hand to hand.

48. A five year old child is being prepared for surgical revision of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which developmental characteristic of a child this age most influences preoperative teaching?

Concrete experiences are meaningful.

Abstract Understanding is easily achieved.

Fantasy is clearly distinguished from reality.

Cause and effect relationships are understood.

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.A 5 year old should be encouraged to play with equipment that may be used in the procedure or play act the procedure with a doll to help make the experience concrete.

Explanation

Straight A's in Pediatric Nursing Book.A 5 year old should be encouraged to play with equipment that may be used in the procedure or play act the procedure with a doll to help make the experience concrete.

49. Which of the following vaccines protect infants from bacterial meningitis? (select all that apply)

IPV (inactivated polio vaccine)

PCV (pneumococcal vaccine)

DTaP (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis)

Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine)

TIV (trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine)

ATI p. 471 Immunizing infants beginning at age 2 months with Hib and PCV protects them from common types of bacterial meningitis. IPV, DTap, and TIV vaccines will not prevent bacterial meningitis.

Explanation

ATI p. 471 Immunizing infants beginning at age 2 months with Hib and PCV protects them from common types of bacterial meningitis. IPV, DTap, and TIV vaccines will not prevent bacterial meningitis.

Submit

50. Risk Factors for Bacterial Meningitis include: (choose all that apply)

URI (upper respiratory infections e.g., otitis media, tonsillitis)

Overcrowded living conditions, such as college dorms

Viral illnesses (e.g. mumps, measles, herpes)

Immunosuppression

Injuries that provide direct access to cerebrospinal fluid (e.g. skull fracture, penetrating head wound.

ATI 464. Viral ilnesses (e.g. mumps, measles, herpes) are risk factors for Viral meningitis.

Explanation

ATI 464. Viral ilnesses (e.g. mumps, measles, herpes) are risk factors for Viral meningitis.

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51. When asked about spanking as a disciplinary technique, the nurse should respond:

"It really depends on the child's age"

"It is strongly suggestive of negative role modeling".

"This may be the only option when no other technique works."

"Research studies have shown it to be an ineffective disciplinary technique".

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review. Children who are spanked tend to use aggressive behavior as they get older; they learn their own behavior through their parents' behavior.

Explanation

Mosby Pediatric NCLEX Review. Children who are spanked tend to use aggressive behavior as they get older; they learn their own behavior through their parents' behavior.