Ped's Test 1 Material Quiz

Which of the following play activities is expected for a preschooler?

• Playing on a soccer team

• Reading a book quietly

• Playing the violin

• Finger Painting

Which of the following activities demonstrates that a school-age child is working toward a healthy achievement of Erikson's developmental task of industry??

• The child brings home completed school work to show parents.

• The child prefers to watch cartoons on TV rather than practicing the piano.

• The child depends on older siblings to tell him what to wear to school.

• The child refuses to play by the rules of a board game.

When asked about spanking as a disciplinary technique, the nurse should respond:

• "It really depends on the child's age"

• "It is strongly suggestive of negative role modeling".

• "This may be the only option when no other technique works."

• "Research studies have shown it to be an ineffective disciplinary technique".

Toddlers should not be allowed to eat sandwiches.

• True

• False

The _______ is the one group that should be constant in a child's life. 

The parent of a 2 year old toddler tells the nurse that she is frustrated with her child's behaviors.  The child throws temper tantrums and says "no"" every time she tries to help her.  Although the parent knows toddlers do this, she cannot understand why.  The nurse explains that toddlers are often negative, which is the normal expression of their desire to:

• Increase their independence

• Develop their sense of trust

• Gratify their oral fixation

• Finish a project they set out to do

The nurse manager of a home health care agency is teaching a group of nursing assistants about pica.  The nurse explains why this practice is more common among:

• Toddlers

• Older Adults

• Preschoolers

• Pregnant women

Piaget's developmental theory type is psychosocial.

• True

• False

Magical thinking can be the cause of preschooler's feelings of guilt.

• True

• False

Health promotion for adolescents should include screening for Scoliosis.

• True

• False

Fruit juices should be limited to 4 to 6 oz per day for toddlers.

• True

• False

Development is cephalocaudal; therefore, before the infant can walk, he/she must develop the skills of sitting and standing.

• True

• False

Children are not affected by cultural barriers.

• True

• False

Before cleaning an abrasion on a 3 year old, what diversional activity could a nurse use to help decrease the child's anxiety?

• Give the child pain medication as prescribed

• Tell the child what to expect

• Allow the child to pick out a sticker

• Have the child "clean the owie" on her doll

Autonomy vs. _________ refers to the stage of development for a  toddler in Erikson's Theory.

An 8-month-old infant is brought into the health facility by his parent.  The nurse notes several bruises on the infant's abdomen, legs, and arms.  The infant also has a cut on his scalp, his clothes are dirty, and he has areas of redness and skin breakdown around his buttocks and scrotum.  When assessing this infant for abuse, the nurse should look for which of the following manifestations? choose all that apply

• Normal Growth and Development

• Bruising, welts, and lacerations

• Poor hygiene

• Smiles at care givers

• Fear of strangers

Adolescents are likely to take risks because...

• They are incapable of thinking at an adult level.

• They see themselves as invincible to bad outcomes.

• They have a short attention span.

• They have no respect for the rules.

A toddler's anterior fontanel closes by age 18 months.

• True

• False

A parent of a 17-month old toddler is frustrated with the toddler's behavior.  The parent tells the nurse that the child is "bad" but doesn't know how to make the toddler behave better.  Which of the following responses should the nurse make to this parent?

• "Allow your child to learn by trial and error".

• "Consistently enforce well-defined limits, such as no climbing on the counters".

• "Reward your child's good behavior, but ignore the bad behaviors".

• "Punish your child when he behaves badly".

A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a group of parents whose children attend a local day care.  Which of the following is the most effective way to encourage good nutritional habits for preschool children?

• Offer snacks if the child does not like what is served.

• Serve nutritious foods that all family members will eat.

• Allow the child to eat only what she asks for.

• Insist that the child eat all of the food that is served to her.

A mother of a 2-month old infant asks a nurse when she should introduce solid foods into her infant's diet.  Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate regarding the mother's question?

• "Infants should only be given breast milk until they are 1 year old".

• "You may feed your baby rice cereal at 6 months".

• "You may feed your baby cereal now if he seems to be hungry after he eats".

• "Infants can be given yellow vegetables when they are 4 months old".

A 5 year old child with autism lives with her mother, two brothers, and grandmother. Which of the following describes this family's composition?

• Nuclear

• Blended

• Extended

• Same sex

A 5 year old child is hospitalized and is in skeletal traction for a fractured femur.  Which of the following is the most appropriate diversional activity for this child?

• Putting together a jigsaw puzzle

• Playing with puppets

• Watching TV

• Stacking blocks to build towers

A 13 month old toddler is being discharged from the hospital.  Which of the following potential health risks should be addressed with the parents??  Choose all that apply.

• Cholesterol screening

• Poisoning

• Peer pressure

• Burns

• When to leave the child home alone

• Falls

During a well baby check up, the nurse assesses the social development of an infant.  At what age does the nurse expect to see the social smile?

• 2 months

• 4 months

• 6 months

• 8 months

A nurse is examining a 4 year old during a routine visit.  Which finding gives the most concern?

• He clings to his mother.

• His speech is intelligible 80% of the time.

• He has an imaginary playmate.

• He stutters occasionally.

A five year old child is being prepared for surgical revision of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.  Which developmental characteristic of a child this age most influences preoperative teaching?

• Concrete experiences are meaningful.

• Abstract Understanding is easily achieved.

• Fantasy is clearly distinguished from reality.

• Cause and effect relationships are understood.

When placing an infant in a crib to sleep, which position is best?

• Prone

• Supine

• Side-lying

• Head elevated 30 degrees

The Denver Developmental Screening Test II is used to determine the:

• Physical ability of the child to perform a task requiring strength.

• Emotional maturity of the child compared with other children of the same age

• IQ of a child and comparison of the child's IQ to other children of the same age.

• Degree to which a child is developmentally like other children.

A nurse is assessing a 7 month old brought to the clinic for a well baby check-up.   Which behavior is expected to develop first in a healthy 7 month old?

• Walking

• Placing objects in a container

• Sitting up

• Throwing a ball

Which behavior indicates normal biological development?

• A six week old begins to roll from his abdomen to his back.

• A six month old sits without support.

• A seven month old transfers a toy from hand to hand.

• An eight month old begins to stand unassisted and walk.

A nurse is assessing an adolescent's development during a checkup.  Which behavior demonstrates that the adolescent is in Piaget's stage of formal operations?

• Understanding cause and effect.

• Assimilation and Accommodation

• Object permanence

• Planning for the future.

A 12 year old is to be hospitalized for several weeks.  The most appropriate activity for the nurse to include when planning diversionary activities is:

• Offering to play card games

• Permitting television watching

• Providing supplies for drawing pictures

• Encouraging continuation of schoolwork

Erikson's Stage of Development for pre-schoolers is Initiative vs. Guilt.

• True

• False

7 year old with fever, stiff neck, photophobia, headache, positive Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs.  LP: normal glucose, mononuclear WBC's, Gram stain negative for organisms.  Diagnosis?

• Encephalitis

• Bacterial Meningitis

• Viral Meningitis

Nurses have a legal responsibility and are mandated by law to report suspected or actual cases of child abuse.

• True

• False

When performing the initial assessment on an infant with possible meningitis, the nurse found that when the infant's head was flexed his knees and hips also flexed.  The nurse should document this finding as:

• Kernig's sign

• Nuchal rigidity

• Brudzinski's sign

• Cushing's reflex

• Jennifer Hardin's first date maneuver

Which of the following vaccines protect infants from bacterial meningitis? (select all that apply)

• IPV (inactivated polio vaccine)

• PCV (pneumococcal vaccine)

• DTaP (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis)

• Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine)

• TIV (trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine)

_________________ is an inflammation of the meninges, which are the membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord.

____________ or aseptic, meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and commonly resolves without treatment.

• Bacterial

• Clinical

• Viral

• Nuchal

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the most definitive diagnostic procedure for Meningitis.

• True

• False

Which position should the child be placed in for Lumbar Puncture (LP)?

• Supine

• Sims

• Prone

• Fetal

Risk Factors for Bacterial Meningitis include:  (choose all that apply)

• URI (upper respiratory infections e.g., otitis media, tonsillitis)

• Overcrowded living conditions, such as college dorms

• Viral illnesses (e.g. mumps, measles, herpes)

• Immunosuppression

• Injuries that provide direct access to cerebrospinal fluid (e.g. skull fracture, penetrating head wound.

Isolation should occur as soon as meningitis is suspected in the child.

• True

• False

A 4 month old is diagnosed with bacterial meningitis in the Emergency Department.  When the infant arrives at the pediatric unit, the nurse's first action is to:

• Check the i.v. fluid site

• Take the infant's vital signs

• Check the infant's neurologic status

• Place the infant in a private room and initiate droplet precautions

A 3-year old is admitted with respiratory syncytial virus infection. The nurse obtains a history of ritualistic behavior for the child to:

• Allow the child's routine to be continued

• Make the parents feel more in control of the environment

• Give herself more control over the child's behavior

• Decrease the child's sense of separation

While caring for a 6 year old with basilar skull fracture, the nurse notices that the child had developed a fever and is becoming drowsy.  The nurse should suspect which condition?

• Meningitis

• Hemorrhage

• Herniation

• Edema

A two year old child is admitted for possible bacterial meningitis.  Which action should the nurse take first?

• Read the child's history and physical examination report.

• Assess the child's neurologic status.

• Interview the child's mother and father.

• Administer oxygen at 3L/minute by nasal cannula.