Patient care Ch. 15

______________________ is the constancy in the internal environment of thebody, naturally maintained by adaptive response that promote healthy survival.

__________  ______________________ reflects the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body.

The normal body temperature is approximately what?

There are five different routes to measure the core body temperature. What are they?

Axillary temperatures are obtained by placing the thermometer highbetween the upper ________ and torso.

When measuring temperature using the axillary method, how long should the thermometer remain in place?

For _______________ temperatures to be measured, the bulb of the thermometer is lubricated, inserted into the anal opening, and held in place for 2 and a half to 5 minutes.

When measuring temperature tympanically, a thermometer is placed in the ear and a stable reading is displayed within _____ seconds.

When the oral temperature is higher than 99.5 degrees, a fever exists. This is considered ______________________.

A patient with a temperature is said to be ___________________.

An adult breaths ____ - ____ breaths per minute.

A child breaths ____ - ____ breaths per minute.

An adult pulse beats ____ - ____ beats per minute.

A childs pulse beats ____ - ____ beats per minute.

Systolic blood presure is < 80 mm Hg.

Diastolic blood pressure is < 80 mm Hg.

When a patient's temperature falls below normal range, _____________________ is said to be present.

Newborns' respiratory rates average ____ - ____ breaths per minute.

______________________ is the term used to describe respiratory rates greater than 20 breaths per minute in adult patients.

___________________ is the term used to describe a decrease in the respiratory rate.

A common term used to describe difficulty breathing is ______________.

______________ is the term used to identify the absence of spontaneous ventilation.

Pulses can be taken by listening to the chest with a stethoscope placed over the heart and counting each heartbeat. Pulses obtained in this manner are called ______________  _________________.

A ______________  ______________________ is a noninvasive device used to provide ongoing assessment of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood as well as the patient's pulse rate.

When heart contractions increase by more than 20 BPM in the resting adult or reach a rate greater than 100 BPM, the patient is said to be experiencing _____________________.

The persistent elevation of blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is known as ______________________.

____________________ is defined as low blood pressure and may be identified by a blood pressure of less than 95/60 mm Hg.

Normally, the ______ % of oxygen supplied in room air maintains homeostasis.

Tissue ______________ is a term used to describe an inadequate amount of oxygen at the cellular (tissue) level.

The most common device used to deliver low concentrations of oxygen is the:

Flow rates up to ____ LPM can be administered through a cannula.

Usually oxygen flow rates of ____ to ____ LPM are used, delivering approximately 24% to 36% oxygen through a nasal cannula.

____________  _______________ masks, basic low-flow devices, cover the patient's nose and mouth.

A nonrebreathing mask can deliver a _________ percentage of oxygen than the nasal cannula or simple mask. (higher or lower)

___________________ generate an aerosol mist with precise oxygen concentrations; they can be connected via corrugated tubing to an aerosol face mask, tracheostomy mask or collar, or T-piece adapter for endotracheal tubes.

The air-entrainment mask a __________ - __________ device, is constructed to provide an accurate concentration of oxygen to the patient by propelling a high velocity of source oxygen through a narrowed opening near the mask. (high-flow or low-flow)

Pediatric patients requiring oxygen therapy and additional humidity can be placed either in an ________________  __________ or an ____________________.

Oxygen tents cover the child's bed.

Oxyhoods are generally used on toddlers.

When the cardiopulmonary system of a patient is unable to supply adequate oxygen to the tissues, a patient may have an artificial airway inserted into the trachea, which is then connected to a mechanical ________________________.

______________  ___________________ is accomplished most often by using a translaryngeal approach via the mouth or nose, but in certain cases the use of a tracheostomy is necessary.

Thoracostomy tubes are inserted through the ___________  __________ to reestablish negative intrapleural pressure in cases of pneumothorax.

_____ lines are catheters that are insterted into a large vein.

Pulmonary arterial (PA) lines were commonly called _________-__________ catheters, named for the developers of the catheter.

Heartbeat, blood pressure, body temp, respiratory rate & electrolyte balance are all mechanisms that help maintain homeostasis.

The normal body temperature is 98.6. A ____ to ____ degree difference is a normal daily variation.

Rectal thermometers have a slender, pointed end.

What increases when your body temperature increases?

Fever after surgery is normal for 10 to 12 days

Prolonged fever after surgery is evidence of what?

When the diaphragm goes down, chest cavity pressure goes down.

When the diaphragm goes up, chest cavity pressure goes _____.

List three common sites for measuring pulse rate:

Trachycardia is caused by a nervous stimulus.

Hypoxia causes gastritis.