Pathophysiology: Liver

1. What is the function unit of the liver?

Reticuloendothelial cell

Hepatocyte

Kupffer cell

Lipocyte

2. The liver is regenerable via hyperplasia of hepatocytes.

True

False

3. Ammonia is particularly toxic to what body system?

Muscle

Respiratory

Cardiovascular

CNS

4. When does detoxification in the liver occur?

Before digestion

After digestion

Before secretion

Detoxification occurs via the portal vein system which collects blood from the GI after food digestions has begun.

Explanation

Detoxification occurs via the portal vein system which collects blood from the GI after food digestions has begun.

5. What enzyme permits the relase of free glucose into the blood stream?

Sucrose-6-phosphatase

Glucose-4-phosphatase

Galactose-4-phosphatase

Glucose-6-phosphatase

6. The liver can provide major clues about acute insult of many systemic changes from infection or inflammation. What is a major marker of bacterial infection?

Plasma alapa-globin

C-reactive protein

Ceruloplasmin

Albumin

7. A deficiency of ceruloplasmin is diagnostic finding of a condition of toxic accumulation of copper in the brain, liver, skin, and joints called?

Jaundice

Hemochromatosis

Wilson disease

Gilbert syndrome

8. The liver receives ____ of the cardiac output.

10%

25%

40%

70%

9. What factor is responsible for the majority of drug metabolism?

K

N

Alpha1-trypsin

Cytochrom P-450

10. What type of jaundice is cholelithiasis classified?

Prehepatic

Intrahepatic

Posthepatic

11. What form of bilirubin is fat soluble?

Unconjugated bilirubin

Conjugated bilirubin

Free bilirubin

Conjugated and free bililrubin are synonymous. Biliverdin is oxidized bilirubin that is water soluble.

Explanation

Conjugated and free bililrubin are synonymous. Biliverdin is oxidized bilirubin that is water soluble.

12. Which is the lesser, posterior lobe of the liver?

Right

Left

Caudate

Quadrate

13. Which is NOT a function of the liver?

Carbohydrate metabolism

Breakdown of plasma proteins

Storage of vitamins

Absorption of lipids

The liver is involved in glycolysis. It secretes bile for lipid emulsification in the duodenum.

Explanation

The liver is involved in glycolysis. It secretes bile for lipid emulsification in the duodenum.

14. Heme is a constituent of

Myoglobin

Hemoglobin

Cytochromes

All the above

15. How are plasma proteins degraded?

Lysosomes

Proteasomes

Ubiquitin

Alpha-fetoprotein

After endocytosis of plasma proteins, they are hydrolyzed by acid protesases within intracellular organelles called lysosomes. Intracellular proteins are degraded within proteasomes marked by ubiquitin.

Explanation

After endocytosis of plasma proteins, they are hydrolyzed by acid protesases within intracellular organelles called lysosomes. Intracellular proteins are degraded within proteasomes marked by ubiquitin.