Pathology Chemistry And Abbreviation Quiz
Chemistry and abbreviations for clinical pathology
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A patient with a HCT of 28 is said to be ___?
Explanation
A patient with a HCT (hematocrit) of 28 is said to be anemic. Hematocrit is a measure of the volume of red blood cells in the blood. A normal hematocrit level for men is around 38-52% and for women is around 33-47%. A HCT of 28 indicates that the patient has a lower than normal number of red blood cells, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Anemia can be caused by various factors, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, and blood loss.Rate this question:
- 2.
A PLT of 87,000 is Normal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
A PLT (Platelet) count of 87,000 is not considered normal. The normal range for platelet count is typically between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. A count of 87,000 is below this range, indicating a lower than normal platelet count. This condition is known as thrombocytopenia and can be caused by various factors such as certain medications, infections, autoimmune disorders, or bone marrow disorders. Therefore, the statement "A PLT of 87,000 is Normal" is false.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A Hgb of 16gm/dl is Normal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An Hgb (hemoglobin) level of 16gm/dl is considered normal because it falls within the normal range for hemoglobin levels in the blood. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Normal hemoglobin levels vary slightly depending on factors such as age and sex, but generally, a level of 12-16gm/dl is considered normal for adults. Therefore, a hemoglobin level of 16gm/dl is within the normal range and is considered normal.Rate this question:
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- 4.
35% basophils is normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
B. FExplanation
The statement "35% basophils is normal" is false. Basophils typically make up a very small percentage of the total white blood cell count, usually around 0-1%. Therefore, a basophil count of 35% would be abnormally high and could indicate an underlying medical condition.Rate this question:
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- 5.
36% lymphocytes is normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
A. TExplanation
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. In a normal healthy individual, lymphocytes typically make up about 20-40% of the total white blood cell count. Therefore, a lymphocyte percentage of 36% falls within the normal range.Rate this question:
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- 6.
25% PMNs is Normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
B. FExplanation
A normal percentage of PMNs (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, a type of white blood cell) in the blood is typically between 40-75%. Therefore, having only 25% PMNs is not considered normal.Rate this question:
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- 7.
T. protein of 10gm/dl is normal
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
B. FExplanation
The given statement "t. protein of 10gm/dl is normal" is false. A normal protein level in the blood is typically between 6 to 8 gm/dl. A protein level of 10 gm/dl would be considered above the normal range and may indicate certain medical conditions or abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 8.
D. bili of 1.1mg/dl is normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
B. FExplanation
The given statement "bili of 1.1mg/dl is normal" is false. The normal range for bilirubin levels in the blood is typically between 0.1mg/dl and 1.2mg/dl. Therefore, a bilirubin level of 1.1mg/dl falls within the normal range and is considered normal.Rate this question:
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- 9.
LDH of 150 U/L is normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
A. TExplanation
LDH stands for lactate dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme found in many tissues of the body. The normal range for LDH levels in the blood is typically between 140-280 U/L. Therefore, a LDH level of 150 U/L falls within the normal range, indicating that there is no abnormality or disease present.Rate this question:
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- 10.
CK of 130 U/L is normal.
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
A. TExplanation
A CK level of 130 U/L is considered normal. CK, also known as creatine kinase, is an enzyme found in the muscles. Elevated levels of CK in the blood can indicate muscle damage or injury, but a level of 130 U/L falls within the normal range.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Na of 95 mEq/l is normal
- A.
T
- B.
F
Correct Answer
B. F -
- 12.
BUN 68mg/dl and 5.8 mg/dl are indicative of ____ disease
- A.
Renal
- B.
Liver
- C.
Lung
- D.
Heart
Correct Answer
A. RenalExplanation
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) levels of 68mg/dl and creatinine levels of 5.8 mg/dl are both elevated, indicating renal disease. The BUN and creatinine levels are commonly used to assess kidney function, and high levels suggest impaired kidney function. Therefore, the correct answer is renal disease.Rate this question:
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- 13.
AST of 90 U/L and ALT 63 U/L with a total bili of 10mg/dl should suggest disease of?
- A.
Renal
- B.
Liver
- C.
Lung
- D.
Heart
Correct Answer
B. LiverExplanation
The given values of AST and ALT, along with the total bilirubin level, suggest a liver disease. AST and ALT are enzymes that are primarily found in the liver, and their elevation indicates liver cell damage. The total bilirubin level, which is a marker of liver function, is also elevated. Therefore, the combination of these findings points towards a liver disease as the most likely cause.Rate this question:
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- 14.
An abnormal (increased) CK, LDH, and SGOT should suggest disease of the:
- A.
Renal
- B.
Liver
- C.
Lung
- D.
Heart
Correct Answer
D. HeartExplanation
An abnormal increase in CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), and SGOT (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase) levels typically indicates damage or injury to the heart. These enzymes are released into the bloodstream when there is cardiac muscle damage, such as during a heart attack or heart failure. Therefore, the correct answer is heart.Rate this question:
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- 15.
85% PMN's are indicative of ____ _____.
- A.
Acute inflammation
- B.
Chronic inflammation
Correct Answer
A. Acute inflammationExplanation
85% of PMNs (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) are indicative of acute inflammation. PMNs are a type of white blood cell that is involved in the initial response to infection or injury. In acute inflammation, there is a rapid and short-lived response to tissue damage, characterized by the influx of PMNs to the affected area. This response helps to eliminate the source of infection or injury and initiate the healing process. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is a prolonged and persistent inflammation that can lead to tissue damage and various diseases. Therefore, the presence of 85% PMNs suggests an acute inflammatory process.Rate this question:
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- 16.
If a WBC of 17,000 is reported, the next logical test should be the ___?
Correct Answer
differentialExplanation
A WBC count of 17,000 indicates an abnormally high white blood cell count, which could be a sign of infection or inflammation. The next logical test would be a differential, which is a blood test that determines the percentage of each type of white blood cell present. This test helps to identify the specific type of infection or inflammation and provides valuable information for diagnosis and treatment.Rate this question:
- 17.
A fasting glucose of 450mg/dl should suggest:
- A.
Hyperglycemia
- B.
Diabetes mellitus
- C.
Diabetes insipidus
- D.
Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer
B. Diabetes mellitusExplanation
A fasting glucose level of 450mg/dl is significantly higher than the normal range, indicating hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is a characteristic symptom of diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition where the body is unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood, often leading to symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Therefore, the correct answer is diabetes mellitus.Rate this question:
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- 18.
If someone has a T bili of 10mg/dl their sclerae probably will be ___.
Correct Answer
icteric
jaundice
yellowExplanation
If someone has a T bili (total bilirubin) level of 10mg/dl, it indicates a high level of bilirubin in their blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down. When bilirubin levels are elevated, it can cause the sclerae (the white part of the eyes) to appear yellow, a condition known as icteric or jaundice. Therefore, if someone has a T bili of 10mg/dl, their sclerae will most likely be yellow, indicating icteric or jaundice.Rate this question:
- 19.
C means ___?
Correct Answer
withExplanation
The question is asking for the meaning of the letter "c". In this context, "c" is being used as an abbreviation for the word "with".Rate this question:
- 20.
S means?
Correct Answer
without - 21.
Bx =
Correct Answer
biopsy - 22.
Dx =
Correct Answer
diagnosis - 23.
WNL = ___ ____ ___
Correct Answer
within normal limitsExplanation
The abbreviation "WNL" stands for "within normal limits." This term is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a particular test or measurement falls within the expected range of values for a healthy individual. It suggests that there are no abnormalities or deviations from what is considered normal or healthy.Rate this question:
- 24.
R/O = ___ ___
Correct Answer
rule outExplanation
The abbreviation "R/O" stands for "rule out." This term is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate the process of eliminating or excluding certain possible diagnoses or causes of a patient's symptoms. By ruling out various possibilities, healthcare professionals can narrow down the potential causes and focus on finding the correct diagnosis.Rate this question:
- 25.
Rx =
Correct Answer
treatment - 26.
Tx =
Correct Answer
Transplant - 27.
S/P = ___ ___
Correct Answer
status post - 28.
⁄P (p with line over it) =
Correct Answer
after - 29.
Select the normal value for K
- A.
3.2 - 5.0 Gm/dl
- B.
3.3 - 8.7 mg/dl
- C.
3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
Correct Answer
C. 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/LExplanation
The normal value for K is 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L. This refers to the normal range of potassium levels in the blood. Potassium is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including nerve and muscle cell function, heart rhythm, and maintaining fluid balance. Having potassium levels within this range is important for overall health and proper functioning of the body.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Select the normal value for Cl
- A.
100-110 mEq/L
- B.
135 - 145 mEq/L
- C.
65 - 100 mg/dl
- D.
25 - 125 U/L
Correct Answer
A. 100-110 mEq/LExplanation
The normal value for Cl (chloride) is 100-110 mEq/L. This range represents the typical concentration of chloride ions in the blood. Chloride is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain the balance of fluids and acid-base levels in the body. Deviations from this range may indicate imbalances in the body's electrolyte levels and can be a sign of certain medical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Select the normal value for BUN
- A.
6.0 - 8.5 gm/dl
- B.
7 - 25 mg/dl
- C.
7 - 52 U/L
- D.
0.5 - 1.5 mg/dl
Correct Answer
B. 7 - 25 mg/dlExplanation
The normal value for BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is 7 - 25 mg/dl. BUN is a measure of the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood, which is a waste product produced by the liver during protein metabolism. This range indicates the normal levels of urea nitrogen in the blood, reflecting proper kidney function and protein metabolism. Values outside this range may indicate kidney or liver dysfunction or other health conditions.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Select the normal value for GLU
- A.
65 - 100 mEq/L
- B.
65 - 100 U/L
- C.
65 - 100 mg/dl
- D.
65 - 100 gm/dl
Correct Answer
C. 65 - 100 mg/dlExplanation
The normal value for GLU (glucose) is 65 - 100 mg/dl. This range represents the typical concentration of glucose in the blood. Glucose is an important source of energy for the body and maintaining its levels within this range is crucial for proper functioning. Values outside this range may indicate abnormal glucose metabolism, such as hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), which can be associated with various medical conditions like diabetes.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Select the normal value for Ca
- A.
8.5 - 10.5 mg/dl
- B.
30 - 200 U/L
- C.
40 - 150 U/L
- D.
0 - 4.0 ng/ML
Correct Answer
A. 8.5 - 10.5 mg/dlExplanation
The normal value for Ca (calcium) in the blood is typically between 8.5 - 10.5 mg/dl. This range represents the normal range of calcium levels in the blood, which is important for various bodily functions such as bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission. Any value below or above this range may indicate an imbalance in calcium levels and may require further investigation or medical intervention.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Select the normal value for T. CHOL
- A.
>40 mg/dl
- B.
125 - 243 mg/dl
- C.
60 - 200 mg/dl
- D.
0 - 129 mg/dl
Correct Answer
C. 60 - 200 mg/dlExplanation
The normal value for T. CHOL (Total Cholesterol) is typically between 60 - 200 mg/dl. This range represents the optimal levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is an essential substance needed for various bodily functions, but high levels of cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease. Therefore, maintaining cholesterol within the normal range is important for overall health.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Select the normal value for ALK P
- A.
125 - 243 U/L
- B.
25 - 125 U/L
- C.
30 - 200 U/L
- D.
40 - 150 U/L
- E.
8 - 70 U/L
Correct Answer
D. 40 - 150 U/LExplanation
The normal value for ALK P is typically between 40 - 150 U/L. This range indicates the normal level of alkaline phosphatase in the blood. Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme that is found in various tissues throughout the body, including the liver, bones, and intestines. Elevated levels of ALK P may indicate liver or bone disease, while low levels may be seen in malnutrition or certain genetic conditions. Therefore, the range of 40 - 150 U/L is considered to be within the normal range for ALK P.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Select the normal value for TRIGLY
- A.
0 - 199 mg/dl
- B.
30 - 200 mg/dl
- C.
60 - 200 mg/dl
- D.
0 - 199 U/L
- E.
30 - 200 U/L
Correct Answer
A. 0 - 199 mg/dlExplanation
The normal value for TRIGLY is 0 - 199 mg/dl. This range indicates the normal level of triglycerides in the blood. Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood and elevated levels can be a risk factor for heart disease. Therefore, a range of 0 - 199 mg/dl is considered within the normal range for triglyceride levels.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Select the normal value for MCH
- A.
32 - 37 gm/dl
- B.
27 - 34 uuGm
- C.
80 - 98 fL
- D.
40 - 52%
Correct Answer
A. 32 - 37 gm/dlExplanation
The normal value for MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) is 32 - 37 gm/dl. MCH is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin present in each red blood cell. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. A value within the normal range indicates that the amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell is appropriate. Values outside of this range may indicate anemia or other blood disorders.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Select the normal value for CO2
- A.
20-30 U/L
- B.
20-30 mg/dl
- C.
20-30 gm/dl
- D.
20-30 mMol/L
Correct Answer
D. 20-30 mMol/L -
- 39.
Select the normal value for SGOT (AST)
- A.
7 - 52 U/L
- B.
5 - 40 U/L
- C.
40 - 75%
- D.
25 - 125 mg/dl
Correct Answer
B. 5 - 40 U/LExplanation
The normal value for SGOT (AST) is 5 - 40 U/L. SGOT (aspartate aminotransferase) is an enzyme found in various tissues of the body, particularly in the liver, heart, and skeletal muscles. Elevated levels of SGOT in the blood may indicate liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis. The given range of 5 - 40 U/L is considered normal for SGOT levels, indicating that the liver is functioning properly.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Select the normal value for SGPT (ALT)
- A.
7 - 52 U/L
- B.
5 - 40 U/L
- C.
125 - 243 U/L
- D.
30 - 200 U/L
Correct Answer
A. 7 - 52 U/LExplanation
The normal value for SGPT (ALT) is 7 - 52 U/L. This range indicates the normal levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood. ALT is an enzyme found primarily in the liver, and elevated levels can indicate liver damage or disease. Therefore, a range of 7 - 52 U/L is considered normal, as it falls within the expected levels for a healthy liver.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Select the normal value for Amylase
- A.
40 - 150 U/L
- B.
60 - 200 U/L
- C.
25 - 125 U/L
- D.
0 - 129 U/L
Correct Answer
C. 25 - 125 U/LExplanation
The normal value for amylase is typically between 25 - 125 U/L. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and salivary glands that helps break down carbohydrates. This range represents the normal levels of amylase in the blood, which can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and testing method used. Values outside of this range may indicate a problem with the pancreas, such as pancreatitis, or other conditions affecting the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Select the normal value for PSA
- A.
0 - 4.0 mg/dl
- B.
0 - 4.0 gm/dl
- C.
0 - 4.0 ng/ml
- D.
0 - 4.0 mEq/L
Correct Answer
C. 0 - 4.0 ng/mlExplanation
The normal value for PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) is 0 - 4.0 ng/ml. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and its levels can be measured through a blood test. Higher levels of PSA can indicate prostate conditions such as inflammation, infection, or prostate cancer. The normal range of 0 - 4.0 ng/ml is commonly used as a reference for determining the risk of prostate cancer.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Select the normal value for LIPASE
- A.
2.5 - 5.0 U/L
- B.
8 - 70 U/L
- C.
135 - 145 U/L
- D.
25 - 125 U/L
Correct Answer
B. 8 - 70 U/LExplanation
The normal value for LIPASE is 8 - 70 U/L. Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps in the digestion of fats. The given range represents the typical levels of lipase in the blood. Values below or above this range may indicate abnormalities in the pancreas or other digestive disorders.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Select the normal value for LDH
- A.
25 - 125 U/L
- B.
0 - 199 U/L
- C.
125 - 243 U/L
- D.
30 - 200 U/L
Correct Answer
C. 125 - 243 U/LExplanation
LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme found in many tissues and organs, including the liver, heart, kidneys, and muscles. It is released into the bloodstream when there is damage or inflammation in these tissues. The normal range for LDH levels can vary slightly depending on the laboratory, but generally falls between 125 and 243 U/L. Therefore, the correct answer is 125 - 243 U/L.Rate this question:
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