Basic Nursing Interventions Quiz

Suctioning is used to clear airways from mucus secretions. When mucus accumulates in the airways, it can obstruct the passage of air and make breathing difficult. Suctioning involves using a suction device to remove the mucus, thus improving airway clearance and promoting effective breathing. This procedure is commonly used in medical settings, especially for patients who are unable to effectively cough up or clear their own airways.

Constipation refers to the condition where there is difficulty in passing stools or infrequent bowel movements. In the given passage, it is mentioned that there is the passage of small, dry, hard stools or the passage of no stool for a period of time, which are common symptoms of constipation. Therefore, constipation is the correct answer in this context.

Diarrhea is the correct answer because it is characterized by frequent evacuation of watery stools. It is associated with increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility, which leads to a rapid passage of fecal contents through the lower GI tract. Melena refers to the passage of black, tarry stools due to the presence of blood, Acholic Stool refers to pale or clay-colored stools due to a lack of bile, and Steatorrhea refers to the passage of fatty, greasy stools. While these conditions may also cause changes in stool consistency, they do not specifically involve increased GI motility and rapid fecal passage like diarrhea does.

The strong feeling that the person wants to void refers to a sudden and compelling urge to urinate. This sensation is often accompanied by discomfort or pressure in the bladder. It is different from hesitancy, which is difficulty starting the flow of urine, pollakuria, which is frequent urination in small amounts, and dysuria, which is painful urination. Therefore, the correct answer is urgency.

Abrasion refers to the process of scraping or rubbing away the superficial layers of the skin. This can occur due to various reasons such as friction, trauma, or contact with rough surfaces. Hyperhidrosis refers to excessive sweating, Bromhidrosis refers to foul-smelling sweat, and Vitiligo refers to a condition where patches of skin lose their pigment. None of these conditions directly involve the scraping or rubbing away of the superficial layers of the skin, making Abrasion the correct answer.

Nocturia is the correct answer because it refers to the increased frequency of urination at night. This condition can disrupt sleep and is often associated with underlying medical conditions such as urinary tract infections, bladder dysfunction, or hormonal imbalances. It is important to identify and address the underlying cause of nocturia in order to provide appropriate treatment and improve sleep quality.

Hirsutism refers to excessive hair growth in women, typically in areas where men usually have hair, such as the face, chest, and back. This condition is caused by an increase in androgen hormones. It can be a result of various factors, including genetics, hormonal imbalances, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hirsutism can have a significant impact on a woman's self-esteem and may require medical intervention to manage the excess hair growth.

Melena refers to the passage of black, tarry stool, which occurs due to the presence of blood in the gastrointestinal tract. This dark color is a result of the breakdown of blood as it passes through the digestive system. Melena can be a sign of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the stomach or small intestine. It is important to seek medical attention if melena is present, as it may indicate a serious underlying condition that requires treatment.

Excessive dryness of the skin can cause it to become scaly and rough. This condition occurs when the skin lacks enough moisture and natural oils, leading to a loss of elasticity and a rough texture. It can be caused by factors such as harsh weather conditions, excessive bathing or showering, certain skin conditions, or the use of drying skincare products. Proper hydration and moisturization are essential to alleviate the symptoms of excessive dryness and restore the skin's smoothness and softness.

Dysuria refers to the condition where voiding urine is painful or difficult. It is characterized by a burning or stinging sensation during urination. This symptom can be caused by various factors such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or inflammation of the urethra. The other options, urgency, pollakuria, and enuresis, do not specifically relate to painful or difficult voiding, making dysuria the correct answer in this context.

Hematuria is not an indication of Diabetic Ketocidosis. Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine, which can be caused by various factors such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or bladder infections. Diabetic Ketocidosis, on the other hand, is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels and the presence of ketones in the urine. Hematuria is not a specific symptom of Diabetic Ketocidosis and can occur independently of this condition. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Postural drainage is the correct answer because it involves placing the client in different positions to allow gravity to help in the expulsion of secretions from the lungs. By positioning the client in a way that the congested area of the lung is in a vertical position with the bronchus, drainage is facilitated. This technique is commonly used in respiratory therapy to help clear mucus and secretions from the lungs, improving ventilation and preventing complications such as pneumonia.

Steatorrhea is the correct answer because it refers to the presence of excess fat in the stool, which can result in greasy, bulky, and foul-smelling stool. It is caused by malabsorption of fats in the digestive system, often due to conditions like pancreatitis, celiac disease, or cystic fibrosis. Melena refers to the passage of dark, tarry stool containing blood, while acholic stool is pale or clay-colored due to a lack of bile. Diarrhea is the passage of loose or watery stool, which may or may not be greasy or foul-smelling.

The human body requires oxygen to carry out various physiological processes, including respiration. The air we breathe is composed of approximately 21% oxygen, which is sufficient for our survival. Oxygen is necessary for the production of energy in our cells through a process called cellular respiration. Without an adequate supply of oxygen, our body would not be able to function properly, leading to severe health consequences and ultimately, death.

Percussion is a technique used to mechanically dislodge tenacious secretions from the bronchial walls through forceful striking of the skin with cupped hands. This technique helps to loosen and mobilize mucus in the lungs, making it easier to cough up and clear the airways. It is commonly used in respiratory therapy to assist with secretion clearance in patients with conditions such as cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis, or pneumonia.

The correct answer is "Nutrition". Nutrition refers to the sum of all interactions between an organism and the food it consumes. It involves the process of obtaining, processing, and utilizing nutrients from food to support growth, development, and overall health. This includes the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients by the organism.

Bromhidrosis is the correct answer because it refers to the condition of foul-smelling perspiration. This condition is characterized by an unpleasant odor caused by the breakdown of sweat by bacteria on the skin. Abrasion refers to the scraping or wearing away of the skin's surface, Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating, and Hirsutism is the growth of excessive hair in women.

Frequency refers to the need to urinate frequently, often with small amounts of urine each time. It can be caused by various factors such as urinary tract infections, bladder overactivity, or certain medications. Voiding at frequent intervals is a symptom commonly associated with frequency. Enuresis refers to bedwetting, nocturia refers to waking up multiple times during the night to urinate, and hesitancy refers to difficulty initiating urination. Therefore, none of these options adequately explain the symptom of voiding at frequent intervals, making frequency the correct answer.

Urge incontinence is characterized by a strong, sudden desire to urinate, which is followed by involuntary detrusor muscle contractions leading to the involuntary passage of urine. This means that when a person with urge incontinence feels the need to urinate, they are unable to control the urge and may experience leakage of urine due to the involuntary contraction of the bladder muscles.

Reflex incontinence is characterized by an involuntary loss of urine that occurs at somewhat predictable intervals. This type of incontinence is triggered by a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or laughing. The leakage of urine is minimal, with less than 50 ml being released. The key feature of reflex incontinence is the association with specific triggers and the predictable nature of the episodes.

Auscultatory breath sounds are not an indication of suctioning because they refer to the normal sounds heard during breathing. Suctioning is typically performed to remove secretions or foreign material from the airway, which may cause audible secretions during respiration or adventitious breath sounds. Therefore, the absence of auscultatory breath sounds does not indicate the need for suctioning.

Total incontinence is a condition characterized by the continuous and unpredictable loss of urine. Unlike other types of incontinence, such as stress incontinence or urge incontinence, total incontinence does not have any specific triggers or patterns. It is a constant and uncontrolled leakage of urine, which can significantly impact a person's quality of life. This type of incontinence may be caused by factors such as nerve damage, bladder dysfunction, or anatomical abnormalities. Treatment options for total incontinence may include medication, bladder training, or surgical interventions.

Stress incontinence is characterized by the leakage of less than 50 ml of urine due to a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This can occur during activities such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or lifting heavy objects, which put pressure on the bladder. This type of incontinence is somewhat predictable as it occurs in response to specific triggers.

Pollakuria refers to frequent, scanty urination. It is a condition characterized by the need to urinate frequently, but only small amounts of urine are passed each time. This can be caused by various factors such as urinary tract infections, bladder dysfunction, or certain medications. It is important to diagnose and treat the underlying cause of pollakuria in order to alleviate the symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life.

Vibration is a technique used to loosen mucous secretions in the client's chest by producing a series of vigorous quivering with hands placed flat against the chest wall. This technique helps to mobilize and dislodge the secretions, making it easier for the client to cough them up and improve breathing. It is commonly used in respiratory therapy to assist with airway clearance and improve lung function.

Fecal incontinence refers to the involuntary elimination of bowel contents. It is often associated with neurologic, mental, and emotional impairments. This condition can result in the inability to control bowel movements, leading to the unintentional release of stool. It can be caused by various factors such as muscle or nerve damage, diarrhea, constipation, or certain medical conditions. Treatment options for fecal incontinence may include dietary changes, medication, pelvic floor exercises, or surgery, depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.

Functional incontinence is the involuntary unpredictable passage of urine. This means that the person is unable to control their bladder and experiences urine leakage without warning or predictability. It is not related to a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure or a sudden desire to urinate. Instead, it is a result of a dysfunction in the bladder control mechanism, causing urine to be released involuntarily.

The correct answer is "Hematochezia, hematochezia, HEMATOCHEZIA." Hematochezia refers to the passage of bright red blood in the stool. The repetition of the term in different cases (lowercase and uppercase) emphasizes its significance and suggests that it is the correct answer.

The correct answer includes aerosol inhalation, steam inhalation, and medimist inhalation. These are all different types of bronchial hygiene measures that help to clear the airways and promote respiratory health. Aerosol inhalation involves inhaling a mist or spray of medication to deliver it directly to the lungs. Steam inhalation involves breathing in steam from hot water, which can help to loosen mucus and relieve congestion. Medimist inhalation is a specific type of aerosol inhalation that uses a device to deliver medication in the form of a fine mist. These measures are commonly used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, and COPD.

The given answer lists examples of primary skin lesions. Primary skin lesions are the initial skin abnormalities that arise from various causes such as infections, injuries, or underlying diseases. A cyst is a closed sac filled with fluid or semisolid material, a tumor refers to an abnormal growth of cells, a vesicle is a small blister-like elevation filled with clear fluid, a plaque is a raised, flat-topped, and solid lesion, and a patch is a flat, discolored area of skin. These examples cover different types of primary skin lesions that can occur on the skin.