Post Basic B.Sc Nursing Quiz Part 3: Essential Concepts & Practice

The correct answer is Human immune deficiency virus (HIV). HIV is the causative organism responsible for HIV infection, which leads to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is a retrovirus that primarily infects immune cells and weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and diseases. HIV is transmitted through contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or breast milk. It is a global health concern, with millions of people living with HIV worldwide. Effective antiretroviral therapy can help manage HIV infection and prevent the progression to AIDS.

A preterm baby refers to a newborn who is born before 37 weeks of gestation. This means that the baby is delivered earlier than expected, which can lead to certain health risks and complications due to their underdeveloped organs and systems.

Universal precautions refer to a set of infection control practices that healthcare workers follow to prevent the spread of infections. These precautions include gloving, gowning, and hand washing. Gloving helps protect both the healthcare worker and the patient from potential transmission of pathogens. Gowning provides an additional barrier against contamination, especially when there is a risk of splashes or sprays. Hand washing is crucial in removing microorganisms from the hands and preventing their transfer. Therefore, all of the options mentioned (gloving, gowning, and hand washing) are considered essential components of universal precautions.

The bone that is also known as the "Collar bone" is the clavicle.

Albendazole is the tablet given under the 'Deworming program'. This medication is commonly used to treat infections caused by parasitic worms. Deworming programs are implemented to prevent and treat worm infestations in children and adults, especially in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. Albendazole is effective against a wide range of parasitic worms and is commonly used in mass treatment campaigns to reduce the burden of worm infections in communities.

Administering mannitol is a medical management technique for increased intracranial pressure. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by drawing water out of brain tissue, reducing swelling and intracranial pressure. This helps to improve blood flow and prevent further damage to the brain. By administering mannitol, healthcare professionals can effectively manage and reduce intracranial pressure in patients.

The correct answer is "Redbone marrow" because it is the primary site for the production of red blood cells (RBCs) in the human body. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various blood cells, including RBCs. The liver plays a role in the breakdown and recycling of old RBCs, but it is not the place where they are produced. While blood circulates throughout the body and carries RBCs, it is not the specific site of their production. The testes are responsible for sperm production, not RBC production.

Koplik's spots are small white spots that appear on the inside of the cheeks and are a characteristic symptom of measles. These spots usually appear a few days before the onset of the measles rash and are an early indication of the infection. They are caused by the replication of the measles virus in the cells lining the mouth. Therefore, the correct answer is measles.

The simplified partograph should be used for every female in labor because it is a tool that helps healthcare providers monitor the progress of labor and identify any potential complications. It consists of a graph that records important information such as cervical dilation, fetal heart rate, and maternal vital signs. By using the partograph, healthcare providers can track the labor process and make timely decisions regarding interventions or referrals if necessary, ensuring the safety and well-being of both the mother and the baby.

The "Five clean Practices" for the elimination of Neonatal tetanus include cleaning the surface of delivery, cleaning the hands of the attendant, using a new blade for cord cutting, and ensuring clean airways. Therefore, the correct answer is "Clean airways" because it is not included in the list of practices for eliminating Neonatal tetanus.

The VDRL test is done for the diagnosis of syphilis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. The VDRL test is a blood test that detects antibodies produced by the body in response to the infection. It is used to screen for and diagnose syphilis, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Gonorrhea, typhoid fever, and diphtheria are not diagnosed using the VDRL test.

The correct answer is Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. Erythrocyte refers to red blood cells, and sedimentation rate refers to the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube over a specific period of time. This test is used to measure inflammation in the body and is often used as an indicator for various medical conditions.

The best method to dry hands after hand wash is by dry air. This is because using dry air eliminates the risk of transferring bacteria or germs from a common towel or hair dryer onto the hands. It allows the hands to naturally air dry, reducing the chances of contamination and promoting hygiene. Additionally, using dry air is a more eco-friendly option as it does not require the use of electricity or disposable towels.

Pheromones are chemical substances released by an organism that affect the behavior of other individuals of the same species. They can be used for various purposes such as attracting mates, marking territories, or communicating danger. Pheromones are often detected through the sense of smell and play a crucial role in social interactions and reproductive behaviors in many animals. Insulin, androgen, and steroid are not substances that specifically influence the behavior of other individuals within a species.

According to Freud, the ego is the component of personality that operates according to the reality principle. The ego's main function is to mediate between the id's impulsive desires and the superego's moral standards, taking into account the reality of the external world. It helps to balance and regulate the individual's thoughts, behaviors, and actions in a way that is socially acceptable and realistic. The ego helps to make decisions, problem-solve, and navigate the demands of the external world while considering the individual's needs and desires.