Neuro Section Of Ped's Test
Stuff from the neuro muscular section. . .
- 1.The most common permanent disability in children.
- A.
Spina Bifida
- B.
Cerebral Palsy
- C.
Glomerlular Disease
- D.
Asthma
- 2.Cerebral palsy is..
- A.
Progressive
- B.
Non-progressive
- C.
Degenerative
- 3.With regards to CP, _______________plays the most significant role in the pathology of brain damage.
- A.
Genetics
- B.
Fetal alcohol syndrome
- C.
Anoxia
- D.
Premature birth
- 4.CP manifests differently in each child.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.Cerebral Palsy is associated with cerebral damage; especially during: (choose all that apply)
- A.
The perinatal period
- B.
The prenatal period
- C.
Adolescence
- 6.An 8 month old is admitted with head injuries after falling from his high chair. The nurse closely monitors for signs of increased intracranial pressure. She should expect an 8-month old with increased ICP to have:
- A.
Diplopia
- B.
Headache
- C.
Behavior changes
- D.
A bulging fontanel.
- 7.A 6-year old is admitted to the ER after falling from a tree. Which question helps to assess level of consciousness (LOC)?
- A.
What is your name?
- B.
Do you have a headache?
- C.
What day is it?
- D.
What happened after you fell out of the tree?
- 8.While caring for a 6 year old with a basilar skull fracture, the nurse notices that the child has developed fever and is becoming drowsy. The nurse should suspect which condition?
- A.
Meningitis
- B.
Hemorrhage
- C.
Herniation
- D.
Edema
- 9.A nurse is assessing a 3 year old who has had surgery for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement to treat hydrocephalus. Which symptom indicates that the child has increased ICP?
- A.
Bulging Fontanel
- B.
Vomiting
- C.
Nuchal rigidity
- D.
Sunset eyes
- 10.Microcephaly is usually associated with mental retardation. Which finding indicates that an infant has microcephaly?
- A.
Premature closure of single or multiple sutures of the cranial vault
- B.
Head circumference more than two standard devieations above average on growth charts.
- C.
Head circumference more that two standard deviations below average on growth charts.
- D.
Premature closure of the coronal sutures, causing the skull to become shortened.
- 11.Which factor accounts for the fact that a young child's response to head injury differs from that of an adolescent or an adult?
- A.
Proportionally larger head size
- B.
Thicker brain tissue
- C.
Large subdural spaces
- D.
Smaller volume of blood in the brain
- 12.An infant was diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) at age 6 weeks. At follow-up home visits, the nurse should assess for:
- A.
Hemolytic disease
- B.
Delayed development
- C.
Erythroblastosis fetalis
- D.
Hyaline membrane disease
- 13.Leading cause of head injury in children under age 5?
- A.
Nonaccidental trauma
- B.
Falls at home
- C.
MVA
- D.
Trauma caused by sibling
- 14.A 4 year old is in the emergency department for a 2 day old puncture wound that occurred when he stepped on a nail. Which assessment finding suggests tetanus?
- A.
Stiffness of the neck and jaw
- B.
Decreased LOC
- C.
Abdominal cramping and vomiting
- D.
Purulent drainage from the puncture site
- 15.A 2-year old is diagnosed with concommunicating hydrocephalus due to an Arnold-Chiari malformation. Arnold-Chiari malformation results in an accumulation of CSF within the ventricular system. This accumulation is caused by
- A.
Inadequate absorption of CSF within the subarachnoid space
- B.
Delayed closure of the skull sutures
- C.
Premature closure of the skull sutures
- D.
Obstruction of csf within the ventricles
- 16.A 10 year old is having a tonic clonic seizure at school. What is the first intervention by the nurse?
- A.
Loosen restrictive clothing
- B.
Turn the child to a side lying position
- C.
Place the child in an upright position
- D.
Put a tongue blade in the child's mouth
- 17.A nurse is assessing an infant after repair of a myelomeningocele. What complication is the most common with this defect?
- A.
Sepsis
- B.
Meningitis
- C.
Hydrocephalus
- D.
Central cyanosis
- 18.A child returns from surgery with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for treatment of hydrocephalus. The first intervention is to :
- A.
Check the child's IV line
- B.
Take the childs vital signs
- C.
Check the head and abdominal dressings
- D.
Place the child on the nonoperative side
- 19.With the exception of the Babinski reflex which lasts til around age 12 months, most infantile reflexes should be gone at around 4 months.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.At 3 months infant should have head control with it being well established by 4 months.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 21.A 3 month old infant has a ventriculoperitoneal shunt inserted. The nurse should pland to :
- A.
Keep the infant in the prone position
- B.
Apply sterile, moist dressings to the incision
- C.
Observe for signs of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid
- D.
Teach the parents the signs of increased intracranial pressure
- 22.The nurse should teach the parents of an infant with cerebral palsy to:
- A.
Maintain immobility of limbs with splints
- B.
Focus on cognitive rather than motor skills
- C.
Preserve muscle tone to prevent contractures
- D.
Continue to offer the special formula to limit gagging
- 23.Depending on the severity of the disability, the child may not be diagnosed with CP until up to 3 years of age, even if brain injury occurs before or at the time of birth.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.Which of the following statements are true regarding CP? (choose all that apply)
- A.
Early recognition is the key to obtaining optimal development.
- B.
It is a permanent disorder.
- C.
Anoxia plays the most significant role in the pathology of associated brain damage
- D.
It is a progressive disorder
- 25.This classification of CP presents as Floppy with diminished reflex response, as well as positive parachute reflex beyond 6 months.
- A.
Hypotonia
- B.
Hypertonia (spastic)
- C.
Athetoid (dyskinetic
- D.
Atxaxia
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