Multicultural Education

The given scenario describes cultural assimilation, where the young immigrant student gradually adopts the language and cultural traditions of the majority culture, leading to the loss of their own language and cultural traditions. This process occurs when individuals or groups conform to the dominant culture, often due to social pressure or the desire to fit in. Cultural assimilation involves the integration of different cultural groups into a single, homogeneous culture.

The correct answer is racism. Racism refers to a policy that harms or suppresses members of a certain race. It involves the belief that some races are superior or inferior to others, leading to discrimination and prejudice based on race. This term specifically addresses the systemic oppression and mistreatment of individuals or groups based on their race.

The correct answer is "speaking Spanish." The sentence suggests that Manny's father was punished for speaking Spanish at school. This implies that there may have been a policy or bias against speaking Spanish in the school environment, leading to disciplinary action.

The correct answer is "the American Dream". The American Dream is a concept that represents the pursuit of financial independence, self-reliance, and freedom of movement. It is often associated with the idea that anyone, regardless of their background, can achieve success and prosperity through hard work and determination. Manny's success is linked to his pursuit of the American Dream, which encompasses his desire for financial independence, self-reliance, and freedom of movement.

The best defense against prejudice, according to scholars, is having a positive self-image, a positive view of other people and society, and using logical reasoning to reduce black and white thinking and jumping to conclusions. These three factors work together to combat prejudice. A positive self-image helps individuals resist the negative stereotypes and biases imposed by others. A positive view of other people and society promotes empathy, understanding, and acceptance, reducing prejudice. Logical reasoning helps individuals critically analyze their own biases and challenge stereotypes, leading to more open-mindedness and less prejudice. Therefore, all three factors combined provide a comprehensive defense against prejudice.

Prejudice is a preconceived judgment or opinion that can be positive or negative based on incomplete or faulty information. It is prevalent among all people, including ethnic minorities in the United States. Prejudice can be race-based, gender-based, age-based, ethnic-based, class-based, and so on. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as it encompasses all the mentioned types of prejudice.

According to Stephen Krashen, children do not learn a second language through direct instruction. This means that simply being taught a second language in a traditional instructional setting, where the focus is on grammar rules and vocabulary memorization, is not the most effective way for children to acquire language skills. Krashen believes that language acquisition happens naturally through meaningful interactions and exposure to the language in authentic contexts. Therefore, direct instruction alone is not sufficient for children to learn a second language.

The concept of ethnic identity acknowledges that all individuals have an ethnic heritage, regardless of whether they are aware of it or not. Additionally, it recognizes that people may identify with their ethnicity at varying levels. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as it encompasses all the statements mentioned.

The correct answer is multicultural competence. Multicultural competence refers to a teacher's ability to understand and appreciate different cultures and effectively interact with students from diverse backgrounds. In this scenario, Ms. Johnson demonstrates multicultural competence by learning about each student's culture, being comfortable and confident in her interactions with them, and understanding how to best engage with their families. This shows that she has the necessary knowledge and skills to create an inclusive and supportive learning environment for her culturally and linguistically diverse students.

Carla's drive to become someone originated from trying to prove to herself that she could accomplish her goals. This suggests that Carla had a strong desire to establish her identity and make a significant impact in her life. She wanted to be recognized and valued for her achievements, which motivated her to work hard and strive for success. By becoming someone, Carla aimed to fulfill her potential and prove to herself that she was capable of accomplishing her goals.

Telling ethnic jokes is an example of prejudice because it involves making negative assumptions or judgments about a particular ethnic group based on stereotypes. Prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes towards a certain group, often leading to discrimination or unfair treatment. In this case, the act of telling ethnic jokes demonstrates a biased mindset and reinforces harmful stereotypes, perpetuating prejudice against the targeted group.

The statement "Filipinos tend to be small in stature compared to Samoans" is not an example of a stereotype because it is not making a generalization or assumption about a particular group of people based on their ethnicity or nationality. Instead, it is simply stating a physical characteristic that may be observed in some individuals from these two groups. Stereotypes typically involve making broad generalizations about a group of people based on limited or biased information.

Teaching that purposefully puts emphasis on clearing up myths and stereotypes associated with gender, races, and ethnic groups is known as teaching towards social justice. This approach aims to promote equality, inclusivity, and fairness by challenging biased beliefs and promoting understanding and acceptance of diverse identities and experiences. It seeks to empower students to critically analyze social issues, advocate for justice, and contribute to creating a more equitable society.

Cultural pluralism refers to a situation where an ethnic minority group is able to maintain their own cultural traditions while also contributing to the overall strength and diversity of the society. This concept promotes inclusivity and recognizes the value of different cultural backgrounds, allowing for coexistence and mutual respect. Therefore, the given scenario of an ethnic minority retaining their cultural traditions while contributing to the strength of the whole aligns with the concept of cultural pluralism.

Advocating neutrality about cultural differences students find unjust or abhorrent should be avoided by teachers who want to prevent or reduce prejudice. This is because neutrality in such situations can be perceived as condoning or ignoring discriminatory beliefs or actions. By taking a neutral stance, teachers may inadvertently validate prejudice and hinder efforts to promote inclusivity and understanding among students. It is important for teachers to address and challenge unjust or abhorrent cultural differences in order to foster a more tolerant and accepting environment.

The sense of ethnic identity often develops in response to discrimination or some form of oppression. This means that when individuals face discrimination or oppression based on their ethnicity, they may develop a stronger sense of belonging to their ethnic group as a way to counteract these negative experiences. Additionally, ethnic identity can be strong even if it is primarily symbolic, meaning that individuals may strongly identify with their ethnicity even if they do not actively engage in cultural practices or traditions associated with it. Furthermore, people differ in their sense of belonging to their ethnic group, as some individuals may have a stronger connection to their ethnicity than others. Lastly, ethnic identity can become stronger or weaker over the life span, indicating that individuals' connection to their ethnicity can change over time.

The correct answer is "from Mexico". This can be inferred from the given information that millions of farm workers and their families migrate to the United States each year, and out of these families, sixty-five percent are from Mexico.

Racial prejudice is a belief system that includes the assumption of one's race being superior to others. It also involves the belief that race determines social behavior, psychological traits, and intellectual characteristics. Additionally, racial prejudice can be seen in various forms such as individual attitudes, institutional practices, and cultural policies. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as it encompasses all the given statements about racial prejudice.

In a low context culture, time is more tangible and there is great importance put on being on time. This means that people in this culture value punctuality and view time as a valuable resource. They are likely to have strict schedules and expect others to adhere to them. In contrast, high context cultures may have a more relaxed attitude towards time and may prioritize relationships and flexibility over strict adherence to schedules.

The statement that Africa was isolated and cut off from the rest of the world until the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century is not true. This is because Muslim scholars who traveled throughout Africa in the 10th and 11th centuries reported that African empires were comparable to, or surpassed, their European contemporaries in terms of economic and military power. This suggests that Africa had connections and interactions with other parts of the world even before the arrival of Europeans. Additionally, the statement contradicts the historical evidence of advanced civilizations in Africa prior to European arrival.

The correct answer is "all of the above." When considering the academic readiness of students from different backgrounds, it is important to vary the modeling, teaching strategies, and instructional qualities. By doing so, educators can cater to the diverse needs and learning styles of these students, providing them with opportunities to experience success in their academic pursuits.

Both individual and institutional racism in the United States result in discrimination and oppression. Individual racism refers to the beliefs, attitudes, and actions of individuals that perpetuate racial prejudice and discrimination. Institutional racism, on the other hand, refers to the policies, practices, and structures within institutions that systematically disadvantage certain racial groups. Both forms of racism lead to discrimination and oppression, as they perpetuate inequality and restrict opportunities for marginalized communities. This explanation addresses the given answer without explicitly stating it.

The correct answer is bicognitive, global and analytical. This suggests that bilingual individuals have the ability to think and process information in two different languages, allowing them to have a broader perspective and a more analytical approach to problem-solving. They are able to switch between different cultural and linguistic frameworks, which enhances their cognitive abilities and enables them to think globally. Additionally, their bilingualism allows them to analyze and interpret information from different sources, making them more analytical in their thinking.

The child's highest potential in learning is determined at conception, as their genetic makeup and innate abilities play a role in their learning abilities. Additionally, the child's potential is influenced by their ethnic background, as different cultures may have different educational values and practices. Socioeconomic groups also impact a child's learning potential, as access to resources and opportunities can vary based on economic status. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to determining a child's highest potential in learning.

The statement "Only white people have privileges in our society" is not true about White Privilege in the United States. The concept of White Privilege acknowledges that everyone is targeted or privileged in some ways in our society, not just white people. It also recognizes that white privilege is the other side of racism, meaning that the advantages and benefits that white individuals receive are a result of the systemic inequalities that people of color face. Therefore, it is incorrect to claim that only white people have privileges in our society.

The answer "Development intercultural competence" is the recognition or awareness on the part of the individual. This refers to the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes that enable effective communication and interaction with people from different cultural backgrounds. It involves understanding and appreciating cultural differences, adapting one's behavior accordingly, and being able to effectively navigate and engage in intercultural situations.

Anthropologists have identified that historically and culturally, the most prevalent component essential in the role of teaching and making connections with parents is the students' household experiences and individual functioning that are considered "funds of knowledge". This term refers to the diverse range of knowledge and skills that individuals acquire through their everyday experiences and interactions within their families and communities. These funds of knowledge are seen as valuable resources that can be tapped into and leveraged in educational settings to enhance learning and foster meaningful connections between students, parents, and teachers.

Throughout her research, Mariella Espinoza-Herold advocated for Manny and Carla, as well as other Latino students, who faced various issues in a negative academic environment. The question asks which criticisms Manny had towards schools, and the correct answer is "all of the above." This means that Manny criticized schools for being non-challenging and non-practical, lacking college preparation, and being self-centered and focused on individual identity.

Race is not a useful category for educators because it can create misconceptions that a student's race determines his or her behavior. This can lead to stereotyping and bias in the classroom. Additionally, there are greater differences within racial groups than between them, meaning that grouping students solely based on race may overlook important individual differences. Furthermore, the concept of "pure races" is a myth, as each racial group has mixed origins. Therefore, considering all of these reasons, race is not a useful category for educators.

In high technical societies like the United States, research has shown that two domains, cognitive and analytical, tend to influence and shape the learning styles of individuals. Cognitive learning involves the mental processes of acquiring knowledge, understanding, and problem-solving, while analytical learning focuses on critical thinking, logical reasoning, and the ability to break down complex information into smaller components. These two domains work together to enhance the learner's cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and overall understanding of technical subjects in such societies.

The correct answer is "the hidden advantages even low income whites have in society." This refers to the concept of white privilege, which acknowledges that even white individuals who may face economic challenges still benefit from societal advantages solely based on their race. This includes things like not being subjected to racial profiling, having easier access to education and job opportunities, and being less likely to experience discrimination in various aspects of life.

A field-independent teaching style refers to teachers who have a formal relationship with their students and assume a role of authority. This teaching style is characterized by teachers who are confident, assertive, and take charge in the classroom. They are not easily influenced by external factors and are able to maintain control and discipline. This style is often associated with a more traditional approach to teaching, where the teacher is seen as the expert and the students are expected to follow their instructions.