Msg77 US History 21_22

The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. was a major turning point in the civil rights movement because he was one of the most prominent leaders and advocates for racial equality during that time. His death not only sparked widespread outrage and protests, but it also left a significant void in the movement. King's assassination led to a renewed sense of urgency and determination among civil rights activists, ultimately leading to the passage of important legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

The domino theory refers to the belief that if one country in a region becomes communist, then neighboring countries will also become communist. This theory was used to justify US involvement in the Vietnam War, as it was believed that if South Vietnam fell to communism, other countries in Southeast Asia would follow suit. The other statements do not accurately define the domino theory.

The correct answer is to limit the president's authority to wage war. The War Powers Act was passed by Congress in 1973 in response to concerns about the Vietnam War and the president's ability to unilaterally commit U.S. forces to armed conflict without congressional approval. The Act requires the president to consult with Congress and seek authorization for the use of military force beyond a certain time period. This was done to ensure a system of checks and balances and to prevent the abuse of power by the executive branch in terms of military actions.

President Nixon said that the Vietnamization of the war would bring about "peace with honor" in Vietnam. This strategy involved gradually withdrawing American troops from Vietnam and transferring the responsibility of fighting the war to the South Vietnamese forces. The aim was to reduce American involvement in the conflict while still ensuring that South Vietnam could defend itself against the North Vietnamese. This approach was intended to achieve a resolution to the war that would be seen as honorable and acceptable to the American public.

The U.S. invasion of Cambodia did not occur in 1968. It took place in 1970 as part of the Vietnam War. The Tet Offensive, the assassination of Robert Kennedy, and the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. all happened in 1968.

De jure segregation refers to segregation that is mandated by laws. This means that it is a result of deliberate legal decisions and policies that enforce the separation of different racial or ethnic groups. These laws can include policies such as separate schools, housing, transportation, and public facilities for different racial groups. De jure segregation was prevalent in the United States during the Jim Crow era, where laws were enacted to enforce racial segregation and discrimination.

Malcolm X preached a militant approach to civil rights, appealing to many African Americans' anger and frustration over a lack of social and economic power. Unlike Martin Luther King Jr., who advocated for nonviolent resistance, Malcolm X believed in using any means necessary to achieve equality and justice. His message resonated with those who felt that peaceful protests and negotiations were not enough to bring about real change. Malcolm X's ideas and tactics were seen as more radical and confrontational, making him a figurehead for the Black Power movement.

During the early years of the war, enrolling in college was an automatic deferment from the draft. This means that if a young man decided to pursue higher education and enrolled in college, he would be exempted from being drafted into the military. This policy was likely implemented to prioritize education and ensure a steady supply of educated individuals for the workforce and other non-military roles during the war.

After the US pull out in 1973, Vietnam experienced a significant outcome. The North defeated the South and incorporated it under a communist government. This led to the reunification of Vietnam under a single communist regime. The war had a lasting impact on the country, causing social and economic changes as well as political consolidation under a communist ideology.

The correct answer is "separate but equal". In the case of Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that the doctrine of "separate but equal" was unconstitutional when applied to public education. This doctrine had allowed for racial segregation in schools, with separate facilities for black and white students. The Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education marked a significant turning point in the civil rights movement, as it declared that segregation in public schools violated the principle of equal protection under the law.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made segregation illegal in public accommodations. This means that businesses, such as hotels, restaurants, theaters, and other places that are open to the public, could no longer discriminate against individuals based on their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This was a significant step towards ending racial segregation and promoting equal rights for all individuals in the United States.

The correct answer is Lyndon Johnson's. The publication of the Pentagon Papers revealed that the Johnson administration had misled the American people regarding the Vietnam War. The documents showed that the government had been secretly escalating the war while publicly downplaying its involvement and progress. This revelation had significant implications for public trust in the government and the perception of the war.

In the summer of 1964, thousands of white college students took part in a campaign to register African American voters in Mississippi. This was known as the Freedom Summer, a civil rights campaign aimed at increasing voter registration among African Americans in the state. The campaign faced significant resistance and violence from white supremacists, but it ultimately played a crucial role in advancing the civil rights movement and increasing political participation among African Americans.

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 banned discrimination in selling or renting a home. This legislation, also known as the Fair Housing Act, aimed to address racial discrimination in the housing market. It made it illegal to refuse to sell or rent a property based on a person's race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The act aimed to provide equal housing opportunities for all individuals and prevent discriminatory practices that had been prevalent in the past.

During the Vietnam War, Americans witnessed the government's misleading statements and lack of transparency regarding the conflict. This led to a loss of trust and confidence in the government's ability to tell the truth. The war's controversial nature and the exposure of government lies, such as the Gulf of Tonkin incident, created a sense of skepticism among Americans towards their leaders. This loss of faith in the government's honesty had a lasting impact on Americans' attitudes towards their government.

The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party is not associated with the Black Power movement. The Black Power movement focused on promoting self-determination, pride, and unity among Black Americans, often advocating for armed self-defense and challenging white supremacy. Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, and the Black Panthers were all prominent figures and organizations associated with the Black Power movement, advocating for Black empowerment and challenging systemic racism. The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, on the other hand, was a political party that sought to challenge and reform the Democratic Party's racially discriminatory practices in Mississippi during the Civil Rights Movement.

Affirmative action programs have been challenged in recent years as a legacy of the civil rights movement. These programs were implemented to address historical inequalities and promote equal opportunities for marginalized groups, particularly in employment and education. However, critics argue that affirmative action can lead to reverse discrimination and perpetuate inequality. This ongoing debate has resulted in legal challenges and changes to affirmative action policies in various contexts.

The main purpose of introducing the "body count" was to persuade Americans that a Vietcong surrender was imminent. This tactic aimed to create the perception that the United States was winning the war and that the enemy forces were on the verge of giving up. By emphasizing the number of enemy casualties, the government hoped to boost public morale and support for the war effort.

Martin Luther King, Jr. believed it was unfair that African-American troops were fighting for a country that treated them unfairly at home. This suggests that he recognized the injustice and hypocrisy of African-Americans being sent to fight for a country that denied them equal rights and opportunities. King advocated for equality and civil rights, and this statement aligns with his stance on the issue.