OS File Management And I/O Management Quiz
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A basic element of data in a file is .....................
- A.
Memory
- B.
Record
- C.
Field
- D.
Value
Correct Answer
C. FieldExplanation
A basic element of data in a file is a "field". A field is a specific piece of information within a record that holds a single value. It represents a specific attribute or characteristic of the data being stored. For example, in a database of employee records, a field could be "employee ID" or "employee name". Fields are used to organize and categorize data within a file, allowing for efficient storage and retrieval of information.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Records are treated as a unit.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Records are treated as a unit means that a group of related data elements are treated together as a single entity. This implies that when performing operations or making changes to the data, all the data elements within a record are considered together. This approach ensures data integrity and consistency within the database. Therefore, the statement "Records are treated as a unit" is true, as it emphasizes the concept of treating records as a cohesive unit rather than individual data elements.Rate this question:
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- 3.
__________________ refers to the logical structuring of records.
- A.
Physical organisation
- B.
Logical organisation
- C.
Structural organisation
- D.
File Organisation
Correct Answer
D. File OrganisationExplanation
File organization refers to the logical structuring of records. It involves arranging the data in a file in a specific manner to optimize storage and retrieval operations. This includes determining the order of records, the organization of fields within each record, and the overall structure of the file. File organization is important for efficient data management and retrieval, as it allows for faster access to specific records and reduces storage space requirements.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the ……………………… file organization, data are collected in the order in which they arrive where each record consists of one burst of data.
- A.
Pile
- B.
Sequential
- C.
Indexed Sequential
- D.
Indexed
Correct Answer
A. PileExplanation
In a Pile file organization, data is collected in the order in which it arrives, and each record consists of one burst of data. This means that records are simply added to the file as they are received, without any specific order or organization. This type of file organization is simple and straightforward, but it can make it difficult to retrieve specific records or perform efficient searches.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The ……………………… maintains the key characteristic of the sequential file: Records are organized in sequence based on a key field.
- A.
Pile
- B.
Sequential
- C.
Indexed Sequential
- D.
Indexed
Correct Answer
C. Indexed SequentialExplanation
The Indexed Sequential file maintains the key characteristic of the sequential file by organizing records in sequence based on a key field. This means that the records are stored in a specific order according to the key field value, allowing for efficient searching and retrieval of data based on that key. The index allows for quick access to the desired records, making it a suitable choice when both sequential access and random access to the data are required.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Airline reservation systems and inventory control system are the examples of …………………….. system.
- A.
Pile
- B.
Indexed
- C.
Sequential
- D.
Indexed Sequential
Correct Answer
B. IndexedExplanation
Airline reservation systems and inventory control systems are examples of indexed systems. Indexed systems use an index or key to access and retrieve data efficiently. In the case of airline reservation systems, the index could be the flight number or passenger name, allowing quick access to relevant information. Similarly, in inventory control systems, the index could be the product code or barcode, enabling easy retrieval of inventory details. Indexed systems provide faster data retrieval compared to sequential systems, where data is accessed sequentially from the beginning.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The …………………. greatly reduced the time required to access a single record, without sacrificing the sequential nature of the file.
- A.
Pile
- B.
Sequential
- C.
Indexed Sequential
- D.
Indexed
Correct Answer
C. Indexed SequentialExplanation
Indexed Sequential is the correct answer because it combines the benefits of both sequential and indexed file organization. In an indexed sequential file, the records are stored in a sequential order, allowing for efficient sequential access. However, it also includes an index that allows for direct access to specific records, reducing the time required to access a single record. This makes it a more efficient option compared to a purely sequential file organization.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In free space management, ………………….. method has negligible space overhead because there is no need for a disk allocation table, merely for a pointer to the beginning of the chain and the length of the first portion.
- A.
Bit tables
- B.
Chained Free Portions
- C.
Indexing
- D.
Free Block List
Correct Answer
B. Chained Free PortionsExplanation
Chained Free Portions is the correct answer because this method requires only a pointer to the beginning of the chain and the length of the first portion. It does not need a disk allocation table, resulting in negligible space overhead. This method involves linking together the free portions of memory to form a chain, allowing efficient allocation and deallocation of memory blocks.Rate this question:
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- 9.
………………….. is a preallocation strategy, using variable size portions where the file allocation table needs just a single entry for each file, showing the starting block and the length of the file.
- A.
Chained allocation
- B.
Indexed allocation
- C.
Contiguous allocation
- D.
Variable allocation
Correct Answer
C. Contiguous allocationExplanation
Contiguous allocation is a preallocation strategy where variable size portions are used, and the file allocation table only requires a single entry for each file. This entry indicates the starting block and the length of the file. This strategy allows for efficient access to files as they are stored in contiguous blocks on the storage medium.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In ………………………….. method, the file allocation table contains a separate one level index for each file, the index has one entry for each portion allocated to the file.
- A.
Chained allocation
- B.
Indexed allocation
- C.
Contiguous allocation
- D.
Variable allocation
Correct Answer
B. Indexed allocationExplanation
Indexed allocation is a file allocation method where the file allocation table contains a separate one level index for each file. Each index entry corresponds to a portion of the file that is allocated on the disk. This allows for efficient file access as the index can directly point to the specific portions of the file. In contrast, in chained allocation, each file has a linked list of disk blocks, contiguous allocation allocates contiguous blocks of disk space to a file, and variable allocation allows for variable-sized disk blocks for each file.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Typically, ………………… is on an individual block basis where each block contains a pointer to the next block in the chain.
- A.
Chained Allocation
- B.
Indexed Allocation
- C.
Contiguous Allocation
- D.
Variable Allocation
Correct Answer
A. Chained AllocationExplanation
Chained Allocation is a file allocation method where each block of data contains a pointer to the next block in the chain. This means that the blocks do not need to be contiguous in memory, allowing for more flexibility in file size and storage allocation. This method is typically used when the file size is unknown or can vary over time.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the ______ algorithm, the disk arm starts at one end of the disk and moves toward the other end, servicing requests till the other end of the disk. At the other end, the direction is reversed and servicing continues.
- A.
LOOK
- B.
SCAN
- C.
C-SCAN
- D.
C-LOOK
Correct Answer
B. SCANExplanation
SCAN algorithm starts at one end of the disk and moves toward the other end, servicing requests along the way. Once it reaches the other end, the direction is reversed and servicing continues. This algorithm is commonly used for disk scheduling to optimize the movement of the disk arm and reduce the average seek time.Rate this question:
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- 13.
In the _______ algorithm, the disk head moves from one end to the other, servicing requests along the way. When the head reaches the other end, it immediately returns to the beginning of the disk without servicing any requests on the return trip.
- A.
LOOK
- B.
SCAN
- C.
C-SCAN
- D.
C-LOOK
Correct Answer
C. C-SCANExplanation
C-SCAN algorithm is a disk scheduling algorithm where the disk head moves from one end to the other, servicing requests along the way. However, unlike SCAN algorithm, when the head reaches the other end, it immediately returns to the beginning of the disk without servicing any requests on the return trip. This ensures that all the requests in the direction of the disk head movement are serviced before the head moves back to the beginning, resulting in a more efficient disk access pattern.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In the ______ algorithm, the disk arm goes as far as the final request in each direction, then reverses direction immediately without going to the end of the disk.
- A.
LOOK
- B.
SCAN
- C.
C-SCAN
- D.
C-LOOK
Correct Answer
A. LOOKExplanation
In the LOOK algorithm, the disk arm moves towards the final request in each direction without going to the end of the disk. It reverses direction immediately after reaching the final request, resulting in a more efficient disk scheduling algorithm compared to SCAN, C-SCAN, and C-LOOK.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The time taken to move the disk arm to the desired cylinder is called the ____________
- A.
Positioning Time
- B.
Seek Time
- C.
Random Access Time
- D.
Rotational Latency
Correct Answer
B. Seek TimeExplanation
The seek time refers to the time taken for the disk arm to move to the desired cylinder. It is the time required to position the read/write head of a disk drive to a specific track or cylinder. This time is crucial as it directly affects the overall performance of the disk drive in terms of accessing and retrieving data. The seek time is an important factor in determining the efficiency and speed of disk operations.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The time taken for the desired sector to rotate to the disk head is called ____________
- A.
Positioning Time
- B.
Seek Time
- C.
Rotational Latency
- D.
Random Access Time
Correct Answer
C. Rotational LatencyExplanation
Rotational latency refers to the time taken for the desired sector of a disk to rotate under the disk head. This time is determined by the rotational speed of the disk and is a crucial factor in determining the overall access time of the disk. It is important because the disk head needs to wait for the desired sector to come under it before it can read or write data, and this waiting time can significantly impact the performance of the disk. Therefore, rotational latency plays a significant role in disk access and data retrieval.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which RAID type doesn’t use parity for data protection?
- A.
RAID 1
- B.
RAID 4
- C.
RAID 5
- D.
RAID 6
Correct Answer
A. RAID 1Explanation
RAID 1 does not use parity for data protection. In RAID 1, also known as mirroring, data is duplicated across multiple drives. Each drive in the RAID 1 array contains an identical copy of the data, providing redundancy and protection against drive failures. Parity, on the other hand, is used in RAID 4, RAID 5, and RAID 6 to provide data protection by calculating and storing parity information across the drives in the array.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which one of these is characteristic of RAID 5?
- A.
Distributed parity
- B.
No Parity
- C.
All parity in a single disk
- D.
Double Parity
Correct Answer
A. Distributed parityExplanation
RAID 5 is characterized by distributed parity, which means that parity information is spread across all the drives in the RAID array. This allows for fault tolerance and data recovery in case of a single drive failure. Each drive in the array stores both data and parity information, ensuring that if one drive fails, the data can be reconstructed using the parity information from the remaining drives. This distributed parity scheme provides a good balance between performance, storage capacity, and fault tolerance.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is the unique characteristic of RAID 6
- A.
Distributed Parity
- B.
Striping
- C.
Two independent distributed parity
- D.
Mirroring
Correct Answer
C. Two independent distributed parityExplanation
RAID 6 is unique because it uses two independent distributed parity schemes. This means that the data is not only striped across multiple drives for improved performance, but also two separate parity calculations are performed and stored on different drives. This redundancy provides additional fault tolerance, as it allows for the simultaneous failure of two drives without losing any data.Rate this question:
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- 20.
SSTF algorithm, like SJF __________ of some requests.
- A.
May cause starvation
- B.
Will cause starvation
- C.
Does not cause starvation
- D.
Causes aging
Correct Answer
A. May cause starvationExplanation
The SSTF algorithm, like the SJF algorithm, may cause starvation of some requests. This means that certain requests may be continuously neglected or delayed indefinitely, leading to a lack of fairness in servicing all requests. This can occur when there are a few long-running requests that constantly arrive, causing shorter requests to be constantly pushed back and potentially never serviced.Rate this question:
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