Pharmacon Classes Daily Quiz

Explanation
IDDM stands for Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus. This type of diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce enough insulin, resulting in high blood sugar levels. People with IDDM require regular insulin injections to control their blood sugar levels. This type of diabetes is usually diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.

Explanation
Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that consists of 51 amino acids. It is produced by the pancreas and plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Insulin helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells and promoting its storage as glycogen. This hormone is essential for maintaining normal metabolism and preventing hyperglycemia.

Explanation
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. It is synthesized in the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells are responsible for producing and releasing insulin into the bloodstream. When blood sugar levels rise, beta cells are stimulated to release insulin, which helps cells in the body take up glucose and use it for energy. Therefore, the correct answer is beta cell.

Explanation
One milligram of insulin is equal to the International standard of insulin (IU). This means that the potency or effectiveness of insulin is measured in IU, and one milligram of insulin is considered equivalent to one IU.

Explanation
Virus can contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material. This means that some viruses have DNA as their genetic material, while others have RNA. The type of genetic material present in a virus determines how the virus replicates and infects host cells. This diversity in genetic material is one of the distinguishing features of viruses and contributes to their ability to adapt and infect different types of organisms.

Explanation
Mesosomes are structures found in prokaryotic cells where the cell membrane folds inwards. They perform various functions such as cell wall formation, DNA replication, and respiration. The infolding of the cell membrane allows for increased surface area, which is beneficial for these processes. Mesosomes are not found in eukaryotic cells, making them a unique feature of prokaryotes.

Explanation
Ribosomes and centrioles are non-membrane bound organelles. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, while centrioles play a role in cell division. These organelles do not have a surrounding membrane, unlike other organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which are membrane-bound. Therefore, the correct answer is ribosomes and centrioles.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Any one of the above" because viruses can have different types of genetic material. Some viruses have double-stranded DNA, such as the herpes virus, while others have single-stranded DNA, like the parvovirus. There are also viruses with double-stranded RNA, such as the rotavirus, and viruses with single-stranded RNA, like the influenza virus. Therefore, a virus may contain any of these types of genetic material.