Psyc 100 - Final Exam Multiple Choice (Weeks 12-24)
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Moishe has suffered from mild depression for more than 4 years now. He would be best described as suffering from:
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Persistent depressive disorder
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Cyclothymia
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Double depression
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A somatoform disorder
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This PSYC 100 final exam covers weeks 12-24, assessing understanding of language acquisition, properties of human language, and cognitive abilities. It evaluates key psychological concepts and theories, essential for students specializing in cognitive psychology.
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- 2.
__________ is the tendency to seek the company of others and __________ is the tendency to avoid the company of others.
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Neuroticism; psychoticism
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Extroversion; introversion
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Agreeableness; introversion
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Psychoticism; neuroticism
Correct Answer
A. Extroversion; introversionExplanation
Extroversion is the tendency to seek the company of others, while introversion is the tendency to avoid the company of others. Extroverted individuals are typically outgoing, social, and enjoy being around people. They gain energy from social interactions and thrive in group settings. On the other hand, introverted individuals are more reserved, reflective, and prefer solitude or smaller social gatherings. They may find social interactions draining and need time alone to recharge. The terms extroversion and introversion are commonly used in psychology to describe personality traits and preferences related to social behavior.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder:
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Flashbacks
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Constant worrying
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Sleep problems
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Difficulty concentrating
Correct Answer
A. FlashbacksExplanation
Flashbacks are not a symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is characterized by excessive and persistent worrying, sleep problems, and difficulty concentrating. Flashbacks, on the other hand, are commonly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and are not a typical symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Marie has just begun seeing a counsellor because she often forgets where she is and feels 'out of it'. She also reports feeling as though she is watching herself and not really in her body. Marie is experiencing some of the symptoms of a:
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Dissociative identity disorder
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
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Conversion disorder
Correct Answer
A. Dissociative identity disorderExplanation
Marie's symptoms of forgetting where she is, feeling 'out of it', and experiencing a sense of detachment from her body align with the symptoms of dissociative identity disorder. This disorder involves a disruption in one's identity, memory, or consciousness, leading to the presence of multiple distinct personality states. Marie's description of feeling like she is watching herself suggests a dissociative experience, which is a characteristic feature of dissociative identity disorder.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Harlow set out to test Bolwby's theory of attachment by performing experiments with infant rhesus macaque monkeys. He was surprised by his findings that monkeys preferred to spent their time with the cloth 'mother' than the wire 'mother' who was equipped with a bottle and provided them with nourishment. This led to the discovery that:
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That the infant's development of affection is based on warmth.
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Monkeys differ from humans in their choices.
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That the results were inconclusive.
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That the infant's development of affection for the mother was based on contact comfort.
Correct Answer
A. That the infant's development of affection for the mother was based on contact comfort.Explanation
Harlow's experiments with infant monkeys showed that their preference for the cloth "mother" over the wire "mother" was not solely based on the provision of nourishment. Instead, the monkeys preferred the cloth "mother" because it provided them with a sense of comfort and warmth. This led to the discovery that the infant's development of affection for the mother was based on contact comfort, rather than just the fulfillment of their basic needs.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following has been shown to be a reliable finding in research on gender difference?
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Girls show stronger spatial abilities.
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Girls are influenced by social norms and as a result are less good at math.
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Both biological and environmental conditions contribute to some gender differences.
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Boys show earlier verbal development.
Correct Answer
A. Both biological and environmental conditions contribute to some gender differences.Explanation
Research on gender differences has consistently shown that both biological and environmental factors contribute to some gender differences. This means that while certain traits or abilities may be influenced by biological factors, such as hormones or brain structure, environmental factors like socialization and cultural norms also play a significant role. This finding challenges the notion that gender differences are solely determined by either nature or nurture, highlighting the complex interplay between biology and environment in shaping gender differences.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The process by which physiological systems are maintained at their optimum values is called:
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Homeostasis
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Motivation
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Regulation
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Feedback Loop
Correct Answer
A. HomeostasisExplanation
Homeostasis refers to the process of maintaining the stability and balance of physiological systems within the body. It involves various mechanisms that work together to regulate body temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, and other vital parameters. This process ensures that the body's internal environment remains constant and optimal for cells to function properly. Motivation, regulation, and feedback loop are not accurate terms to describe this process.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Adolescent friendships differ from those of younger children in that:
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Adolescents tend to choose their friends based on appearance.
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Younger children tend to base their friendships on intimacy.
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Adolescents tend to base their friendships on mutual acceptance and trust.
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Younger children prefer friends who enjoy different activities.
Correct Answer
A. Adolescents tend to base their friendships on mutual acceptance and trust.Explanation
Adolescents tend to base their friendships on mutual acceptance and trust. This means that they value friendships where they feel accepted for who they are and trust that their friends will support and understand them. This is different from younger children who may base their friendships on intimacy or shared activities. Adolescents are more focused on emotional connections and trust in their friendships, rather than superficial factors like appearance.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Cognitive behavioural (CBT) therapists may prescribe homework such as:
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Recording your dreams
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Recording you diet and exercise
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Recording your thoughts and emotions
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Recording your anxiety levels
Correct Answer
A. Recording your thoughts and emotionsExplanation
Cognitive behavioural therapists may prescribe homework tasks that involve recording thoughts and emotions as a way to help individuals become more aware of their cognitive patterns and emotional responses. By keeping a record of their thoughts and emotions, clients can begin to identify any negative or unhelpful thinking patterns that may be contributing to their difficulties. This can then enable them to challenge and reframe these thoughts, leading to more positive and adaptive thinking styles. Additionally, recording emotions allows clients to track their emotional experiences and identify any triggers or patterns that may be influencing their mood.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Similar to the treatment of mental disorders, when it comes to coping with stress, which of the following factors does not contribute to success:
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Number of friends
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Hope and expectation
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Quality of social support
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Optimism
Correct Answer
A. Number of friendsExplanation
The number of friends does not contribute to success in coping with stress. While having a support network is important, the quantity of friends does not necessarily determine the effectiveness of that support. It is more about the quality of social support, including the understanding, empathy, and assistance received from friends. Factors such as hope and expectation, optimism, and the quality of social support are more relevant in successfully coping with stress.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Freud and other psychoanalytic therapists used techniques such as dream analysis and free association because they believed that these techniques:
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Provided clients with much needed insight into their problems
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Allowed the client to experience unconditional positive regard
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Provided a window into a clients' unconscious mind
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Were not vulnerable to faking
Correct Answer
A. Provided a window into a clients' unconscious mindExplanation
Freud and other psychoanalytic therapists believed that techniques such as dream analysis and free association provided a window into a client's unconscious mind. These techniques allowed therapists to access and understand the hidden thoughts, desires, and conflicts that were influencing the client's behavior and causing their problems. By exploring the unconscious mind, therapists could gain valuable insight into the root causes of the client's issues and help them achieve a deeper understanding of themselves. This understanding was considered crucial for effective therapy and the resolution of psychological difficulties.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is NOT likely to cause depression:
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A negative thinking pattern
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A family history of depression
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High levels of dopamine
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A stressful environment
Correct Answer
A. High levels of dopamineExplanation
High levels of dopamine are not likely to cause depression. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward, and it plays a role in motivation and mood regulation. Low levels of dopamine have been linked to depression, but high levels are not typically considered a cause. Other factors such as negative thinking patterns, a family history of depression, and a stressful environment are more commonly associated with the development of depression.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Personality:
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Isn't fully formed until we reach adulthood
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Often changes as we get older
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Is very stable across the lifespan
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Is quite stable but can change as a result of major life events
Correct Answer
A. Is quite stable but can change as a result of major life eventsExplanation
Personality is generally considered to be quite stable across the lifespan, meaning that it remains relatively consistent and enduring over time. However, major life events such as marriage, divorce, or traumatic experiences can potentially lead to changes in one's personality. These significant events can have a profound impact on an individual's beliefs, values, and behaviors, which in turn may result in alterations to their overall personality traits. Therefore, while personality is typically stable, it is not entirely immune to change, especially in response to significant life circumstances.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is true of the findings of the classic conformity study in which Asch had participants perform a line-matching task?
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Almost nobody conformed when the group norm was clearly incorrect
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More than ¾ of people conformed to a clearly incorrect answer at least once
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Conformity was higher for participants of low social prestige
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Participants only conformed to the group norm when their answers were anonymous
Correct Answer
A. More than ¾ of people conformed to a clearly incorrect answer at least onceExplanation
In the classic conformity study conducted by Asch, it was found that more than ¾ of the participants conformed to a clearly incorrect answer at least once. This suggests that the majority of people are influenced by the opinions or actions of a group, even if they know that the group is wrong. This finding demonstrates the power of social conformity and the tendency for individuals to go along with the group consensus, even when it goes against their own judgment.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Suppose that you are a young child and have just spilled some orange juice on the living room carpet. Only moments before, your dad has told you not to bring the juice into the living room because you might spill it and stain the carpet. Now your dad walks into the living room and sees the mess. He also sees that you are crying. He bends down and puts his arm around you. He tells you that he is upset about the spill, that you should have listened to him, and that you made a mistake. He then asks you to help clean up the mess. What kind of parent is your dad MOST likely to be?
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Responsive
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Authoritative
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Permissive
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Authoritarian
Correct Answer
A. AuthoritativeExplanation
Based on the given scenario, the dad's response suggests that he is authoritative. He acknowledges the mistake and expresses his disappointment, but also offers comfort and guidance by asking the child to help clean up the mess. This shows a balance between setting clear expectations and boundaries while still being supportive and nurturing.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is a true statement about internal working models (mental representations) of attachment?
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They are entirely due to biology.
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Only securely attached individuals possess them.
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They involve individuals' feelings about being worthy or unworthy of love.
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They persist throughout childhood, but not into adulthood.
Correct Answer
A. They involve individuals' feelings about being worthy or unworthy of love.Explanation
The correct answer is that internal working models of attachment involve individuals' feelings about being worthy or unworthy of love. This means that these mental representations are influenced by a person's perception of their own value and deservingness of love. It suggests that individuals develop beliefs about themselves based on their early attachment experiences, which can impact their relationships and behavior throughout their lives.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The following: sleep disturbance, loss of energy, and loss of interest in activities (anhedonia) are all symptoms of:
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Bipolar disorder
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Schizophrenia
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Major depression
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Major depressionExplanation
The symptoms described, such as sleep disturbance, loss of energy, and loss of interest in activities, are commonly associated with major depression. These symptoms are key indicators of a depressive episode and are not typically associated with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. While bipolar disorder may involve periods of depression, it also includes periods of mania or hypomania. Schizophrenia is a separate mental disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Therefore, the correct answer is major depression.Rate this question:
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- 18.
This part of the brain plays an important role in emotion:
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Hypothalamus
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Basal Ganglia
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Amygdala
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Occipital Lobe
Correct Answer
A. AmygdalaExplanation
The amygdala is a small almond-shaped structure located deep within the brain. It plays a crucial role in processing emotions, particularly fear and anxiety. The amygdala is responsible for detecting and responding to potential threats or danger, triggering the body's fight-or-flight response. It also helps to regulate emotional responses and is involved in the formation and storage of emotional memories. Dysfunction or damage to the amygdala can result in difficulties in regulating emotions and can contribute to disorders such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In addition to the effect(s) of a specific treatment, clients may improve due to nonspecific treatment effects such as
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Placebo effect
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Spontaneous recovery
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Hope, expectation, and support
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because clients may improve not only due to the specific effects of a treatment but also due to nonspecific treatment effects. The placebo effect refers to the improvement that occurs when a person believes they are receiving a beneficial treatment, even if the treatment itself is inactive. Spontaneous recovery refers to the natural improvement that can occur over time without any specific treatment. Additionally, factors such as hope, expectation, and support can also contribute to a client's improvement. Therefore, all of these factors can play a role in clients' improvement.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following DOES NOT influence the timing of a child's developing sense of self?
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Parenting
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Sex
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Age
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Culture
Correct Answer
A. SexExplanation
Sex does not influence the timing of a child's developing sense of self. The development of a child's sense of self is influenced by various factors such as parenting, age, and culture, but not by their sex. Sex refers to the biological differences between males and females, whereas a child's sense of self is shaped by their environment, experiences, and social interactions. Therefore, the timing of a child's developing sense of self is not determined by their sex.Rate this question:
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- 21.
When we are performing, the mere presence of another person:
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Enhances our performance
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Makes us apprehensive and we perform worse
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Sometimes enhances and sometimes interferes with our performance
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Increases our arousal which enhances the performance of difficult and novel tasks
Correct Answer
A. Sometimes enhances and sometimes interferes with our performanceExplanation
The presence of another person can have varying effects on our performance. Sometimes, it can enhance our performance by providing motivation, support, or competition. Other times, it can make us apprehensive or self-conscious, leading to a decline in performance. Therefore, the presence of another person can both enhance and interfere with our performance, depending on the situation and individual factors.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In interpreting studies showing correlations between parental disciplinary styles and children's behavior, we should bear in mind that the correlations:
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Are quite high but not statistically significant.
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Could reflect the influence of the child's behavioral style on the parent's disciplinary style.
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Explain that disciplinary styles are heritable.
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Prove that the parents' disciplinary style causes the child's behavioral style.
Correct Answer
A. Could reflect the influence of the child's behavioral style on the parent's disciplinary style.Explanation
The answer suggests that the correlations between parental disciplinary styles and children's behavior could be influenced by the child's behavioral style affecting the parent's disciplinary style. This means that the child's behavior may shape how the parent chooses to discipline them, rather than the parent's disciplinary style causing the child's behavior.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Adolescents are more likely to engage in risky and impulsive behaviour:
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Due to excessive myelination of their frontal lobe
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Due to the increased plasticity of the brain during this period
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When they're alone than when they are with their peers
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In the presence of their peers than when alone
Correct Answer
A. In the presence of their peers than when aloneExplanation
During adolescence, individuals are more likely to engage in risky and impulsive behavior when they are in the presence of their peers than when they are alone. This can be attributed to the influence of peer pressure and the desire to fit in or gain acceptance from their peers. The presence of peers can lead to a heightened sense of excitement and a willingness to take risks in order to impress or conform to the group. Additionally, the social dynamics and the need for social validation during this period can override rational decision-making, leading to impulsive behavior in the presence of peers.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Asking your child to consider the consequences of his actions on others promotes:
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Language development
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Theory of Mind
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Executive functioning
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Independence
Correct Answer
A. Theory of MindExplanation
Asking your child to consider the consequences of his actions on others promotes Theory of Mind. Theory of Mind refers to the ability to understand and attribute mental states to oneself and others, including beliefs, intentions, and emotions. By encouraging your child to think about how their actions may impact others, you are helping them develop empathy and perspective-taking skills, which are essential components of Theory of Mind. This promotes their understanding of others' thoughts and feelings, and enhances their social and emotional development.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Mitzi has paid a great deal to a dating service because she believes it will find her perfect match. However, her first date from the services is a disaster. Based on cognitive dissonance theory, which of the following outcomes is most likely?
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Mitzi will decide that the service is a scam and she will report them to the Better Business Bureau.
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Mitzi will convince herself that the date was not really that bad after all.
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Mitzi will decide that she has thrown her money away, but she will not do anything about it.
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Mitzi will be so horrified that she will not be able to date again for at least one year.
Correct Answer
A. Mitzi will convince herself that the date was not really that bad after all.Explanation
Based on cognitive dissonance theory, Mitzi is likely to convince herself that the date was not really that bad after all. This is because she has already invested a great deal of money in the dating service, and admitting that the date was a disaster would create a conflict between her belief in the service and the reality of the situation. To reduce this cognitive dissonance, Mitzi is likely to downplay the negative aspects of the date and convince herself that it was not as bad as it seemed.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What advantage is there to using a heuristic rather than an algorithm?
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The heuristic will result in only one possible solution
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A heuristic is more likely to result in a correct response
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A heuristic will present more clearly defined solution
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A heuristic is often more efficient
Correct Answer
A. A heuristic is often more efficientExplanation
A heuristic is often more efficient because it involves using rules of thumb or educated guesses to quickly find a solution. Unlike algorithms, which follow a step-by-step procedure, heuristics allow for shortcuts and approximations that can save time and resources. While a heuristic may not always guarantee the most accurate solution, it can still provide a satisfactory result in a shorter amount of time.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Executive functioning develops in late adolescence once ___________is complete.
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Plasticity
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Myelination of the frontal lobe
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Apoptosis
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Neurogenesis
Correct Answer
A. Myelination of the frontal lobeExplanation
During late adolescence, the process of myelination in the frontal lobe is complete. Myelination refers to the formation of a protective covering around nerve fibers, which helps to increase the speed and efficiency of neural communication. The frontal lobe is responsible for executive functioning, which includes skills such as decision-making, problem-solving, and impulse control. Therefore, once myelination of the frontal lobe is complete, executive functioning can fully develop. Plasticity refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt, apoptosis is the programmed cell death, and neurogenesis is the formation of new neurons, but these processes are not directly related to the development of executive functioning.Rate this question:
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- 28.
___________automatically motivate(s) us to eat, but ___________ determine whether, and what, we choose to eat.
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Homeostasis, rewards
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Homeostasis, neurotransmitters
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A drive; incentives
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Neurotransmitters; specific drives
Correct Answer
A. A drive; incentivesExplanation
A drive automatically motivates us to eat, while incentives determine whether and what we choose to eat. Drives are internal states that push us to satisfy certain needs, such as hunger, while incentives are external factors that influence our choices, such as the availability of certain foods or the social context in which we are eating.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Janine reports hearing voices demanding that she carry out a mission for them. Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia is she describing?
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Hallucinations
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Delusions of control
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Delusions of persecution
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Negative symptoms
Correct Answer
A. HallucinationsExplanation
Janine is describing hallucinations, which are sensory experiences that are not based in reality. In this case, she is reporting hearing voices that are not actually present. Hallucinations are a common symptom of schizophrenia and can involve hearing, seeing, feeling, or smelling things that are not there. Delusions of control involve the belief that one's thoughts or actions are being controlled by an external force, while delusions of persecution involve the belief that one is being targeted or harmed by others. Negative symptoms refer to a reduction or absence of normal behaviors or emotions.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The results of Sherif's classic study involving boys at a summer camp suggests that prejudice is increased by _______________ and decreased by _______________.
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Cooperation; collaboration
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Cooperation; competition
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Competition; togetherness
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Competition; cooperation
Correct Answer
A. Competition; cooperationExplanation
The results of Sherif's classic study involving boys at a summer camp suggest that prejudice is increased by competition and decreased by cooperation. This means that when individuals are pitted against each other in a competitive environment, it can lead to the development of prejudice. On the other hand, when individuals work together and cooperate towards a common goal, it can help to reduce prejudice.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The heritability of IQ increases with age because:
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Our intellect becomes limited by health problems as we age
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We stop responding to our environment to the same extent as when we were young
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We have more opportunity as we age to choose our own environments and these may reflect the heritable component of our intelligence
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We get wiser as we get older
Correct Answer
A. We have more opportunity as we age to choose our own environments and these may reflect the heritable component of our intelligenceExplanation
As we age, we have more control over our environment and the choices we make. This includes the opportunity to choose environments that align with our genetic predispositions and intelligence. This can lead to an increase in the heritability of IQ, as the environments we select may reflect the heritable component of our intelligence.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Hunger is regulated by:
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Leptin
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The ventromedial hypothalamus
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Signals from the stomach
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All of these regulate hunger
Correct Answer
A. All of these regulate hungerExplanation
Hunger is regulated by multiple factors, including leptin, the ventromedial hypothalamus, and signals from the stomach. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that helps regulate appetite and metabolism. The ventromedial hypothalamus is a region in the brain that plays a role in controlling hunger and satiety. Signals from the stomach, such as the release of the hormone ghrelin, can also influence hunger levels. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in regulating hunger.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What does research on the confirmation bias suggests about a person who believes that students at Learning R Us University are not all that bright?
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He will look for examples of stupid students at Learning R Us university
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He will look for examples of smart students at Learning R Us university
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When confronted with examples of smart students at Learning R Us University, he will play them down as very atypical
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Both (a) and (c)
Correct Answer
A. Both (a) and (c)Explanation
Research on the confirmation bias suggests that a person who believes that students at Learning R Us University are not all that bright will exhibit both (a) and (c) behaviors. They will actively seek out examples of stupid students at the university, confirming their preconceived belief. Additionally, when confronted with examples of smart students, they will downplay them as atypical, further reinforcing their initial belief. This behavior aligns with the confirmation bias, which is the tendency to seek out information that confirms one's existing beliefs and ignore or downplay information that contradicts them.Rate this question:
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- 34.
An individual believing that he or she can successfully engage in a behaviour that promotes health is an example of:
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Self-efficacy
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Motivation
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Willpower
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Wishful thinking
Correct Answer
A. Self-efficacyExplanation
Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully engage in a behavior that promotes health. It is the confidence one has in their own skills and capabilities to achieve a desired outcome. This belief in oneself plays a crucial role in motivating individuals to take action and make positive changes in their health behaviors. It is different from motivation, which refers to the desire or willingness to engage in a behavior, and willpower, which refers to the ability to control one's impulses. Wishful thinking, on the other hand, refers to unrealistic hopes or desires without taking action.Rate this question:
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- 35.
People tend to conform:
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Because they believe that several others are more knowledgeable than they are
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Because they lack self-esteem
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Because they are exposed to groupthink
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In public only
Correct Answer
A. Because they believe that several others are more knowledgeable than they areExplanation
People tend to conform because they believe that several others are more knowledgeable than they are. This is known as informational social influence, where individuals conform to the opinions or behaviors of others because they believe that those others have more accurate information or expertise. This can happen in situations where individuals feel uncertain or lack confidence in their own knowledge, leading them to rely on the judgments of others whom they perceive as more knowledgeable.Rate this question:
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- 36.
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs is to bottom as ________ is to top.
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Self-actualization
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Safety needs
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Esteem needs
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Attachment needs
Correct Answer
A. Self-actualizationExplanation
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs are at the bottom of the pyramid, representing the most basic needs such as food, water, and shelter. As we move up the hierarchy, the next level is safety needs, followed by esteem needs. Finally, at the top of the hierarchy is self-actualization, which refers to the realization of one's full potential and the desire for personal growth and fulfillment. Therefore, self-actualization is to the top as physiological needs are to the bottom.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The application of a painful or unpleasant stimulus immediately after the unwanted response or after cues that would normally bring on the response is a therapy technique called:
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Aversion treatment
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Resistance
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Flooding
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Systematic desensitization
Correct Answer
A. Aversion treatmentExplanation
Aversion treatment is a therapy technique that involves applying a painful or unpleasant stimulus immediately after an unwanted response or cues that typically trigger the response. This technique aims to associate the unwanted behavior with the negative stimulus, creating a negative association and reducing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again in the future. This approach is used to discourage and eliminate undesirable behaviors by making them aversive or unpleasant.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Who is most likely to be diagnosed as having schizophrenia?
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The spouse of a person with schizophrenia
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The nephew or niece of a person with schizophrenia
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The sibling of a person with schizophrenia
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Each of the individuals represented in the four responses has an equal chance of developing schizophrenia
Correct Answer
A. The sibling of a person with schizophreniaExplanation
The sibling of a person with schizophrenia is most likely to be diagnosed as having schizophrenia. This is because schizophrenia has a genetic component, meaning that individuals who have a close family member with schizophrenia are at a higher risk of developing the disorder themselves. Research has shown that siblings of individuals with schizophrenia have a higher risk of developing the disorder compared to the general population.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Parents who are warm and responsive promote their child's:
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Secure attachment
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Gender identity
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Sense of self
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Moral reasoning
Correct Answer
A. Secure attachmentExplanation
Warm and responsive parents create a secure attachment with their child. This means that the child feels safe, loved, and supported by their parents, which helps them develop a strong emotional bond and trust. A secure attachment provides a foundation for healthy relationships and emotional well-being throughout the child's life.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Nic feels dehydrated after running a marathon. He sees a Gatorade stand just past the finish line and heads straight for it. The internal motivational state that orients Nic to the Gatorade stand is thirst. The Gatorade itself represents a(n):
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Nonregulatory drive
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Incentive
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Motivation
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Regulatory drive
Correct Answer
A. IncentiveExplanation
The Gatorade represents an incentive because it is something that motivates Nic to take action. In this case, Nic's internal motivation of thirst is driving him to seek out the Gatorade stand as a means to satisfy his need for hydration. The Gatorade serves as a reward or desired outcome that incentivizes Nic to go towards it.Rate this question:
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- 41.
For Rogers and others who practice Humanistic therapy, the client's worth as an individual must be expressed by the therapist through:
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Appropriate boundaries
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Reflection
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Empathy
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Unconditional positive regard
Correct Answer
A. Unconditional positive regardExplanation
Unconditional positive regard is the belief that the therapist must accept and support the client without judgment or conditions. This means that the therapist values the client as a unique individual and respects their worth and potential for growth. By providing unconditional positive regard, the therapist creates a safe and non-judgmental space for the client to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. This approach fosters trust and allows the client to develop a deeper understanding of themselves, leading to personal growth and positive change.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The hub of many central drive systems lies in the:
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Pituitary
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Hypothalamus
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Frontal lobe
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Cerebral cortex
Correct Answer
A. HypothalamusExplanation
The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating many important bodily functions, including the control of the autonomic nervous system, body temperature, hunger, thirst, and hormone production. It acts as a central hub for coordinating and integrating signals from various parts of the brain and body. Therefore, it can be considered the hub of many central drive systems, as it plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and controlling basic physiological processes.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which of the following is an example of an athlete who is very anxious about an upcoming competition using stress inoculation training to deal with their performance anxiety?
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Going to see their physician to get anti-anxiety medication
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Strictly following their training schedule and diet
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Using self-talk to minimize the importance of the competition outcome
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Holding mock (pretend) time trials, at first alone, then with a team mate and then with the team and coaches watching
Correct Answer
A. Holding mock (pretend) time trials, at first alone, then with a team mate and then with the team and coaches watchingExplanation
Holding mock (pretend) time trials, at first alone, then with a team mate and then with the team and coaches watching is an example of stress inoculation training because it involves gradually exposing the athlete to the stressful situation of performing in front of others. By starting with a low-pressure situation and gradually increasing the level of stress, the athlete can build resilience and learn coping strategies to manage their performance anxiety. This method helps the athlete become more accustomed to the pressure and anxiety associated with competition, ultimately improving their performance.Rate this question:
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- 44.
A child who uses the word "wawa" to refer not only to water but to milk, juice, and other drinks is:
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Overextending the word
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Underextending the word
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Babbling
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Overgeneralizing a grammatical rule
Correct Answer
A. Overextending the wordExplanation
A child who uses the word "wawa" to refer not only to water but to milk, juice, and other drinks is overextending the word. This means that the child is using a single word to represent a broader category of objects or concepts. In this case, the child is using "wawa" to refer to all types of drinks, not just water. This is a common linguistic phenomenon in early language development, where children generalize a word to include a wider range of objects or concepts than intended.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Mary is a 40 year old woman who works from home. One day, the phone rang right after her groceries were delivered to her front door. It was her younger sister calling to tell Mary that she is getting married and would like Mary to come to the wedding in the summer. Although Mary was happy for her sister, she dreaded the thought of being at a big wedding and began sweating profusely and feeling nauseous. She told her sister she wishes the best for her, but that she would not be able to attend the wedding. What disorder is a clinician most likely to suspect?
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Agoraphobia
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Schizophrenia
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Dissociative Disorder
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Avoidant Personality Disorder
Correct Answer
A. AgoraphobiaExplanation
Based on the given information, the clinician is most likely to suspect Agoraphobia. Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by a fear and avoidance of situations or places that might cause panic, embarrassment, or feelings of being trapped. Mary's extreme anxiety and physical symptoms when thinking about attending a big wedding suggest a fear of being in public or crowded places, which aligns with the symptoms of agoraphobia.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The two most basic units of speech are:
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Morphemes and phonemes
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Vowels and consonants
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Semantics and syntax
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Declarative and expressive utterances
Correct Answer
A. Morphemes and phonemesExplanation
Morphemes and phonemes are the two most basic units of speech. A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language, such as a word or a prefix. Phonemes, on the other hand, are the smallest units of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word. Understanding morphemes and phonemes is essential for studying language and communication.Rate this question:
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- 47.
According to the elaboration likelihood model, __________ is/are to a central route of persuasion as __________ is/are to a peripheral route of persuasion.
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Critical thinking; the attractiveness of the communicator
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Critical thinking; thoughtful consideration
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Social benefits; considering relevant themes
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Social benefits; financial benefits
Correct Answer
A. Critical thinking; the attractiveness of the communicatorExplanation
According to the elaboration likelihood model, critical thinking is associated with the central route of persuasion, which involves thoughtful consideration and careful evaluation of the message. On the other hand, the attractiveness of the communicator is associated with the peripheral route of persuasion, which focuses on superficial cues and relies on heuristics rather than deep processing. Therefore, critical thinking is analogous to the central route, while the attractiveness of the communicator is analogous to the peripheral route.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following is an example of discrimination?
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You think to yourself that all jocks are stupid
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I see you in the hallway but you do not see me
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A professor will not allow students to sit at his table in the student union cafeteria
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You think all people with glasses are geeks
Correct Answer
A. A professor will not allow students to sit at his table in the student union cafeteriaExplanation
The given answer is an example of discrimination because the professor is excluding certain students based on their identity or characteristics (in this case, their status as students) and denying them the same opportunities as others to sit at his table in the student union cafeteria. This action is unfair and discriminatory as it treats a specific group of students differently and denies them equal access and inclusion.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Wechsler's IQ test differed from its predecessors in that it:
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Was valid for all age ranges
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Used a deviation (age-normed) instead or a ratio (mental age/chronological age) IQ
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Added nonverbal (performance) subscales to represent different forms of intelligence
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
Wechsler's IQ test differed from its predecessors in multiple ways. Firstly, it was valid for all age ranges, meaning it could be used to measure intelligence in individuals of different ages. Secondly, it used a deviation (age-normed) instead of a ratio (mental age/chronological age) IQ, which provided a more accurate assessment of an individual's intelligence. Lastly, Wechsler's IQ test added nonverbal (performance) subscales to represent different forms of intelligence, expanding the scope of the test and allowing for a more comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above."Rate this question:
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Feb 04, 2025Quiz Edited by
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Apr 11, 2018Quiz Created by
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