Chapter 3 Part 3

Wernicke's Area is responsible for language comprehension. This area, located in the left hemisphere of the brain, plays a crucial role in understanding and processing language. Damage to this area can result in difficulties in comprehending and producing meaningful speech. Therefore, language comprehension is the correct function associated with Wernicke's Area.

According to evolutionary psychology, younger women are attracted to older men because they seek a mate who is more likely to provide enough substance for their children to survive. On the other hand, men are attracted to younger women because they seek a suitable mate who is healthy and capable of bearing children. This explanation aligns with the principles of evolutionary psychology, which suggest that mating preferences are influenced by the desire to maximize reproductive success.

Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe of the brain, is responsible for language production. It plays a crucial role in the planning and execution of speech and the generation of grammatically correct sentences. Damage to Broca's area can result in expressive aphasia, where individuals have difficulty speaking fluently but can still understand language. Therefore, the correct answer is language production.

Phenotype refers to the physical and observable characteristics of an individual, which are determined by the expression of their genes. It includes traits such as hair color, eye color, and height. Genotype, on the other hand, refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, which includes the specific combination of genes they possess. Stereotype refers to a widely held but oversimplified and generalized belief about a particular group of people. Prototype refers to an original or typical example of something. Anomotype is not a recognized term and does not relate to the given question.

Polygenic inheritance refers to the inheritance of traits that are controlled by multiple genes. Hair color is a complex trait that is influenced by the interaction of multiple genes, each contributing a small effect. This means that there is no single gene that determines hair color, but rather a combination of genes working together. Therefore, hair color is an example of polygenic inheritance.

The question asks about the correct pairing of glands with their respective hormones. The given options state that the pancreas produces hormones to regulate sugar metabolism, the thyroid produces hormones to regulate general metabolism, the adrenal gland is responsible for salt metabolism, and the gonads produce sex hormones. The answer states that all of the above pairings are correct, indicating that each gland is correctly matched with its respective hormone.

When looking at adoption studies, we can conclude that a particular trait is likely based mostly on heredity when monozygotic twins (identical twins) who were raised apart show a high correlation for the same trait, but dizygotic twins (fraternal twins) who were raised apart do not. This suggests that the shared genetic makeup of the monozygotic twins is influencing the trait, while the different genetic makeup of dizygotic twins is not.

When the corpus callosum is severed, the communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain is disrupted. In this scenario, the picture of the rose is presented in the person's left visual field, which is processed by the right hemisphere. The right hemisphere controls the left hand. Since the left hemisphere, which controls language and speech, cannot receive information from the right hemisphere, the person is unable to verbally identify the picture as a rose. However, the right hemisphere can still process the visual information and send signals to the left hand, allowing the person to point it out with their left hand.

When the corpus callosum is severed, the communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain is disrupted. In this scenario, the picture of the rose is presented in the person's right visual field, which means it is processed by the left hemisphere of the brain. The left hemisphere is responsible for language processing, so the person is able to say that it was a rose. However, since the right hemisphere controls the left hand, which is unable to communicate with the left hemisphere, the person is unable to point out the rose with their left hand. Therefore, the correct answer is that the person will be able to say it was a rose but be unable to point it out with his/her left hand.

The interactionist model suggests that individuals do not inherit traits that directly determine their behavior. Instead, they inherit dispositions or tendencies to act in certain ways. This means that while genes may play a role in shaping behavior, it is not a direct and deterministic relationship. Rather, individuals have the capacity to adapt and interact with their environment, which can influence how their inherited traits are expressed.