Online Preliminary Examination 2020 For B.Sc.-II Semester,Organized By Department Of Physics,Sgmm Hingna,Dist-nagpur
B. Sc. Sem II Instructions:
The Quiz is based on the R. T. M. Nagpur University Syllabus of B. Sc. (Physics).
B. Sc. First Year (Semester II)
Course – PHYSICS - Paper-I (201)
(Oscillations, Kinetic theory of gases and Thermodynamics)
The Quiz consist of total 25 multiple choice questions.
Each question carry TWO marks
All Questions are Compulsory.
No negative marking
Has a time limit of 120 minutes
Has a pass mark of 50%
You can download certificate after finishing the quiz.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
In simple harmonic (SHM), the maximum acceleration of a particle moving is
- A.
ω2/r
- B.
ω.r
- C.
ω2∙r
- D.
ω
Correct Answer
C. ω2∙rExplanation
The correct answer is ω2∙r. In simple harmonic motion (SHM), the maximum acceleration of a particle moving is directly proportional to the square of the angular frequency (ω) and the displacement (r) from the equilibrium position. Therefore, the product of ω2 and r gives the maximum acceleration of the particle.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In a gas the transport of momentum gives rise to the phenomenon of:
- A.
Viscocity
- B.
Conduction
- C.
Diffusion
- D.
Volume
Correct Answer
A. ViscocityExplanation
In a gas, the transport of momentum gives rise to the phenomenon of viscosity. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, and it is caused by the internal friction between different layers of the fluid as they move past each other. When momentum is transferred between gas molecules, it creates a shearing effect, causing the gas to exhibit viscosity. This property is important in understanding how gases flow and interact with each other and with solid surfaces. Conduction refers to the transfer of heat or electricity through a substance, diffusion refers to the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and volume refers to the amount of space occupied by a gas.Rate this question:
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- 3.
When a rigid body is suspended vertically and it oscillates with a small amplitude under the action of the force of gravity, the body is known as
- A.
Simple pendulum
- B.
Compound pendulum
- C.
Torsional pendulum
- D.
Second’s pendulum
Correct Answer
B. Compound pendulumExplanation
A compound pendulum refers to a rigid body that is suspended vertically and oscillates with a small amplitude under the force of gravity. Unlike a simple pendulum, which consists of a mass attached to a string or rod, a compound pendulum has a more complex structure, such as a bar or a physical object. The oscillation of a compound pendulum is influenced by both its mass and its distribution of mass, making it different from other types of pendulums mentioned in the options. Therefore, the correct answer is compound pendulum.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Quality Factor (Q) for the Damped Oscillator is defined as:
- A.
Q = 2π (energy lost per period/ energy stored in the system)
- B.
Q = 2π (energy stored in the system x energy lost per period)
- C.
Q = 2π (energy stored in the system /energy lost per period)
- D.
Q = 2π (energy lost per period + energy stored in the system)
Correct Answer
C. Q = 2π (energy stored in the system /energy lost per period)Explanation
The correct answer is Q = 2Ï€ (energy stored in the system / energy lost per period). This formula is derived from the definition of the Quality Factor (Q) for a damped oscillator. The Q factor represents the ratio of energy stored in the system to the energy lost per period. Therefore, the correct formula is Q = 2Ï€ (energy stored in the system / energy lost per period).Rate this question:
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- 5.
Forced vibration is known as
- A.
Driven harmonic vibration
- B.
Simple harmonic vibration
- C.
Simple harmonic vibration
- D.
Free vibration
Correct Answer
A. Driven harmonic vibrationExplanation
Driven harmonic vibration refers to a type of forced vibration in which an external force or driving force is applied to a system. This external force causes the system to vibrate at a frequency that is different from its natural frequency. The term "harmonic" indicates that the vibration follows a sinusoidal pattern, while "driven" implies that the vibration is caused by an external force rather than occurring naturally. Therefore, "Driven harmonic vibration" is an appropriate term to describe forced vibration.Rate this question:
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- 6.
For Boyle's law to hold good, the gas should be ___________
- A.
Real and of constant mass and temperature
- B.
Real and at constant temperature but variable mass
- C.
Perfect and of constant mass and temperature
- D.
Perfect and at constant temperature but variable mass
Correct Answer
C. Perfect and of constant mass and temperatureExplanation
Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, as long as the temperature and amount of gas remain constant. In order for Boyle's law to hold true, the gas must be "perfect" which means it follows the ideal gas law, where the gas particles have no volume and do not interact with each other. Additionally, the gas must have a constant mass and temperature, meaning that the number of gas particles and the temperature remain unchanged.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The temperature of gas molecule in the container is _______ proportional to mean free path of a gas molecule.
- A.
Inversely
- B.
No effect
- C.
Directly
- D.
None of above
Correct Answer
C. DirectlyExplanation
The temperature of a gas molecule in a container is directly proportional to the mean free path of a gas molecule. This means that as the temperature increases, the mean free path also increases, and vice versa. The mean free path is the average distance a gas molecule travels between collisions with other molecules. When the temperature increases, the gas molecules gain more kinetic energy and move faster, leading to longer mean free paths.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A real gas most closely approaches the behavior of an ideal gas under conditions of:
- A.
Low Pressure and Temperature
- B.
Low Pressure and high Temperature
- C.
High Pressure and Temperature
- D.
High Pressure and low Temperature
Correct Answer
B. Low Pressure and high TemperatureExplanation
At low pressure, the gas molecules are far apart and experience weak intermolecular forces. This allows the gas to behave more like an ideal gas, where the volume of individual gas molecules is negligible compared to the total volume. At high temperatures, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently. This also leads to a more ideal gas behavior, as the collisions become more elastic and the gas molecules occupy a larger space. Therefore, under conditions of low pressure and high temperature, a real gas most closely approaches the behavior of an ideal gas.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which one do you like?
- A.
Option 1
- B.
Option 2
- C.
Option 3
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Option 1 -
- 10.
The number of degrees of freedom of a diatomic gas molecule is:
- A.
3
- B.
4
- C.
5
- D.
6
Correct Answer
C. 5Explanation
A diatomic gas molecule consists of two atoms connected by a bond. Each atom has three degrees of freedom: translational motion in three dimensions. In addition to these six degrees of freedom, the diatomic molecule also has rotational motion around its center of mass. However, since it is a linear molecule, one of the three rotational degrees of freedom is restricted. Therefore, a diatomic gas molecule has a total of five degrees of freedom: three translational and two rotational.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The term N.T.P. stands for.......
- A.
Nominal temperature and pressure
- B.
Normal thermodynamic pressure
- C.
Normal temperature and pressure
- D.
Natural temperature and pressure
Correct Answer
C. Normal temperature and pressureExplanation
The term N.T.P. stands for Normal temperature and pressure. This term is commonly used in scientific and engineering contexts to specify standard conditions for measurements and calculations. Normal temperature is typically defined as 20 degrees Celsius or 293.15 Kelvin, while normal pressure is typically defined as 1 atmosphere or 101.325 kilopascals. These standard conditions allow for consistent and comparable results in experiments and calculations.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The constant used in pressure correction by Vander Waal is
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
The constant used in pressure correction by Vander Waal is A. Unfortunately, without any further context or information provided in the question, it is difficult to provide a specific explanation for why A is the correct answer. Vander Waal's equation of state is commonly used to account for the non-ideal behavior of gases, and it involves the constants 'a' and 'b'. It is possible that A represents one of these constants in the equation. However, without additional information, it is not possible to provide a definitive explanation.Rate this question:
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- 13.
First law of thermodynamics is ________
- A.
Internal Energy= (Heat added) x (work done)
- B.
Internal Energy= (Heat added) / (work done)
- C.
Internal Energy= (Heat added) – (work done)
- D.
Internal Energy=(Heat added) + (work done)
Correct Answer
C. Internal Energy= (Heat added) – (work done)Explanation
The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system. This means that the internal energy of a system can be increased by adding heat to it or by doing work on it, and it can be decreased by removing heat from it or by the system doing work on its surroundings. The equation Internal Energy= (Heat added) - (work done) represents this relationship between heat, work, and internal energy.Rate this question:
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- 14.
"If two system are both in equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other" This is the statement of
- A.
Third law of thermodynamics
- B.
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
- C.
First law of thermodynamics
- D.
Second law of thermodynamics
Correct Answer
B. Zeroth law of thermodynamicsExplanation
The statement "If two systems are both in equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other" is the statement of the Zeroth law of thermodynamics. The Zeroth law states that if two systems are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law establishes the concept of temperature and allows for the measurement and comparison of temperatures between different systems. It forms the foundation for the development of the other laws of thermodynamics.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Total amount of energy in the universe is
- A.
Increasing
- B.
Decreasing
- C.
Constant
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. ConstantExplanation
The total amount of energy in the universe is constant because of the law of conservation of energy. According to this law, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. Therefore, the total amount of energy in the universe remains the same over time. This concept is supported by scientific evidence and is a fundamental principle in physics.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A reversible cycle has following processes.
- A.
4 adiabatic processes
- B.
4 isothermal processes
- C.
2 isothermal and 2 adiabatic processes
- D.
None of the mentioned
Correct Answer
C. 2 isothermal and 2 adiabatic processesExplanation
A reversible cycle consists of processes that can be reversed without any loss of energy. In this case, the answer states that there are 2 isothermal and 2 adiabatic processes. An isothermal process is one in which the temperature remains constant, while an adiabatic process is one in which there is no heat exchange between the system and its surroundings. Therefore, having 2 isothermal and 2 adiabatic processes in a reversible cycle ensures that the temperature remains constant at certain points and there is no heat exchange, making it a valid explanation for the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 17.
An increase in enthalpy results increase in
- A.
Mass
- B.
Volume
- C.
Internal energy
- D.
Pressure
Correct Answer
C. Internal energyExplanation
Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy of a system, including both its internal energy and the energy required to do work on its surroundings. An increase in enthalpy indicates an increase in the total energy of the system, which means there must be an increase in the internal energy as well. Therefore, the correct answer is internal energy.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The closed system can be represented by equation
- A.
DQ = dU x pdV
- B.
DQ = dU - pdV
- C.
DQ = dU + pdV
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. DQ = dU + pdVExplanation
The equation DQ = dU + pdV represents the closed system. In this equation, DQ represents the heat added to the system, dU represents the change in internal energy of the system, and pdV represents the work done on the system. The equation shows that the heat added to the system is equal to the change in internal energy plus the work done on the system. This equation follows the first law of thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The average kinetic energy is given by_________
- A.
0.5 KT
- B.
1.5 KT
- C.
2.5 KT
- D.
3.5 KT
Correct Answer
B. 1.5 KTExplanation
The average kinetic energy is given by 1.5 KT. This is because the average kinetic energy of a system is directly proportional to the temperature of the system. The constant of proportionality, denoted as K, represents the Boltzmann constant. Therefore, multiplying the temperature by 1.5 times the Boltzmann constant gives the average kinetic energy.Rate this question:
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- 20.
When Helium expands at room temperature
- A.
Cooling is produced
- B.
Heating is produced
- C.
Neither heating nor cooling is produced
- D.
None
Correct Answer
B. Heating is producedExplanation
When helium expands at room temperature, heating is produced. This is because helium gas molecules gain kinetic energy and move faster when they expand. As a result, the average temperature of the gas increases, leading to the production of heat.Rate this question:
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- 21.
"It is impossible to reduce any system to the absolute zero of temperature in a finite number of operations." This is the statement of
- A.
First law of thermodynamics
- B.
Second law of thermodynamics
- C.
Third law of thermodynamics
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Third law of thermodynamicsExplanation
The third law of thermodynamics states that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of operations. This means that no matter how many cooling or heat removal processes are applied, it is not possible to completely remove all heat from a system and reach absolute zero temperature. This law provides a fundamental limit to the cooling of objects and the behavior of systems at very low temperatures.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Example of reversed heat engine is
- A.
Heat pump
- B.
Refrigerator
- C.
Heat pump and Refrigerator
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Heat pump and RefrigeratorExplanation
A heat pump and a refrigerator can both be considered examples of a reversed heat engine. In a heat pump, heat is transferred from a colder area to a warmer area using mechanical work. This is the opposite of a traditional heat engine where heat is transferred from a hotter area to a colder area to produce work. Similarly, a refrigerator also transfers heat from a colder area (inside the refrigerator) to a warmer area (outside the refrigerator) using mechanical work. Therefore, both a heat pump and a refrigerator can be considered examples of reversed heat engines.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In a refrigeration system, the expansion device is connected between the
- A.
Compressor and condenser
- B.
Evaporator and compressor
- C.
Receiver and evaporator
- D.
Condenser and receiver
Correct Answer
C. Receiver and evaporatorExplanation
The expansion device in a refrigeration system is responsible for reducing the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator. The receiver is a component that stores excess liquid refrigerant and prevents it from entering the compressor. The evaporator is where the refrigerant absorbs heat from the surroundings and evaporates. Therefore, the expansion device is connected between the receiver and the evaporator to regulate the flow of refrigerant and ensure proper cooling efficiency.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following gas will satisfy Boyle's law over a wider range of temperatures and pressures?
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Oxygen
- C.
Helium
- D.
Carbon monoxide
Correct Answer
C. HeliumExplanation
Helium is the correct answer because it is an ideal gas that behaves closely to Boyle's law over a wider range of temperatures and pressures. Boyle's law states that at a constant temperature, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional. Helium, being a noble gas, has low intermolecular forces and is highly compressible, allowing it to exhibit a wide range of pressure and volume changes while still obeying Boyle's law.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Reynolds law hold good at constant
- A.
Pressure
- B.
Temparature
- C.
Volume
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. VolumeExplanation
Reynolds law holds good at constant volume. This means that the law applies when the volume of a system remains constant during a process. Reynolds law is a principle in fluid dynamics that relates the flow rate of a fluid to its viscosity and the pressure gradient across the system. It is commonly used to analyze fluid flow in pipes and channels.Rate this question:
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