Practical Research 1 - Reviewer For Summative Assessment #1

The two general classification types of research are qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research involves exploring and understanding subjective experiences, opinions, and behaviors through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups. On the other hand, quantitative research focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns, trends, and relationships using statistical methods. These two types of research provide different perspectives and approaches to studying phenomena and are often used together to gain a comprehensive understanding of a research topic.

In selecting a research problem, it is important to consider the interest of the researcher. This is because when a researcher is interested in a particular topic, they are more likely to be motivated and dedicated to conducting thorough research. Their passion for the subject can also lead to more innovative and insightful findings. Additionally, an interested researcher is more likely to enjoy the research process, which can result in a higher quality of work. Therefore, the interest of the researcher is a crucial factor to consider when selecting a research problem.

Qualitative research is a type of research that collects and works with non-numerical data. It focuses on interpreting meaning from these data in order to understand social life. This type of research is conducted through the study of targeted populations or places. It is different from quantitative research, which uses statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques to investigate observable phenomena.

In selecting a research problem, one important factor to consider is the researcher's area of interest. This is because a researcher is more likely to be motivated and dedicated to a problem that aligns with their own interests and expertise. When a researcher is passionate about a particular area, they are more likely to invest time and effort into conducting thorough research and producing meaningful results. Therefore, considering the researcher's area of interest is crucial in selecting a research problem.

In research, the term "re" refers to the action of repeating. This implies that in order to validate or verify a study's findings, it is necessary to replicate the experiment or research process. By repeating the experiment, researchers can ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Additionally, repetition allows for further analysis and investigation of the research topic, leading to a deeper understanding and potential discoveries.

The characteristic of research that is based on actual observation and experimentation rather than theories is empirical. Empirical research relies on gathering data and evidence through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying solely on theoretical concepts or assumptions. This type of research aims to provide objective and verifiable information, allowing for the development of reliable conclusions and theories based on real-world observations.

Ethics refers to the study of moral principles and values that determine what is right or wrong, proper or improper, and good or bad. It involves examining and evaluating human behavior and actions in order to make ethical judgments. Therefore, ethics is the word being considered to deal with beliefs about what is wrong or right, proper or improper, and the good or bad.

The answer "Looking for information by asking curious questions" best describes what inquiry is. Inquiry involves seeking information by asking questions and being curious about a topic. This process helps individuals gather information, explore different perspectives, and develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter. By asking questions, individuals can actively engage in the learning process and seek out new information to expand their knowledge.

Research is systematic because it follows a procedure and should be organized. In order to gather reliable and valid data, researchers need to follow a systematic approach that includes planning, data collection, analysis, and interpretation. This ensures that the research process is structured and organized, allowing for the replication of the study and the verification of the findings. Without a systematic approach, research would lack rigor and credibility, making it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions or contribute to the body of knowledge in a particular field.

The question is asking for the factor that defines the time frame of doing research. Out of the options given, "When" is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the time aspect of conducting research. The "What" refers to the subject or topic of the research, "Who" pertains to the individuals involved in the research, and "Why" relates to the purpose or motivation behind the research. Therefore, "When" is the correct answer as it specifically addresses the time frame aspect of research.

Budget variance analysis does not belong to the research process because it is not a step involved in conducting research. The research process typically involves collecting data, reviewing the literature of the problem, analyzing and presenting data, and drawing conclusions based on the findings. Budget variance analysis, on the other hand, is a financial analysis technique used to compare actual expenses with planned or budgeted expenses. While it may be relevant to the overall research project, it is not a direct part of the research process itself.

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles and values, guiding individuals and societies in determining what is right or wrong, proper or improper, and good or bad. It provides a framework for making decisions and judgments based on moral considerations. Ethics helps individuals and organizations navigate complex situations, ensuring that actions align with moral standards and societal norms. It plays a crucial role in various fields, including business, medicine, law, and research, as it promotes fairness, integrity, and accountability.

The act of looking for information by asking various questions is commonly referred to as inquiry. This term encompasses the process of seeking knowledge or understanding through questioning and investigation. It involves curiosity, exploration, and a desire to gain new insights or solve problems. Research is a related term, but it specifically refers to the systematic investigation and study of a particular subject. Ethics, on the other hand, pertains to moral principles and values. IBL (Inquiry-Based Learning) is an educational approach that emphasizes inquiry as a central method for learning.

IBL stands for Inquiry-Based Learning. This approach to learning focuses on students actively engaging in the process of asking questions, investigating, and problem-solving to deepen their understanding of a topic. It encourages students to be curious, think critically, and develop their own knowledge and skills through exploration and discovery. In IBL, students take ownership of their learning and become active participants in the learning process, rather than passive recipients of information. This approach promotes higher-order thinking, creativity, and independence in students.

The given answer, "Data and Information," is correct because data and information are actively used, interpreted, refined, digested, and discussed. Data refers to raw facts and figures, while information is processed data that has meaning and context. Both data and information are essential in various fields and industries for decision-making, analysis, research, and problem-solving. They are constantly being analyzed, interpreted, refined, and discussed to extract valuable insights and knowledge.

The odd one out in the Five W's is "Which" because it is the only one that does not start with the letter "W". The other options, "What", "Why", and "Who", all start with the letter "W" and follow the pattern of the Five W's, which are commonly used in journalism and research to gather information. "Which" does not fit this pattern, making it the odd one out.

Research is integral to the progress and evolution of mankind because it provides and expands knowledge, allowing people to better understand and control their environment. By conducting research, individuals can uncover new information, discover innovative solutions, and gain insights into various aspects of the world. This knowledge can then be applied to improve various fields such as medicine, technology, and environmental conservation. Ultimately, research enables humans to make informed decisions, solve problems, and advance society as a whole.

Inquiry refers to the process of looking for information by asking various questions about a specific topic or subject that one is curious about. It involves actively seeking out knowledge and understanding by investigating and exploring the subject matter. Through inquiry, individuals can discover truths and gain insights by actively engaging in the process of questioning and searching for answers.

Empirical research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher. It involves gathering data through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying on theory or speculation. This type of research aims to provide evidence-based conclusions and is often used in scientific and social sciences studies. Empirical research allows researchers to gather firsthand information and draw conclusions based on actual observations, making it a characteristic of research that is based on direct experience or observation.

The Effects of Ice Cream on Stressed Persons is identified as a qualitative research study because it involves a subjective analysis of the effects of ice cream on individuals experiencing stress. Qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding people's experiences, opinions, and behaviors rather than quantifying data. In this study, researchers would likely use methods such as interviews or observations to gather rich, descriptive data about how ice cream impacts the emotional state of stressed individuals.

Qualitative research focuses on wide-angled lens and examines the breadth and depth of a topic. This type of research aims to understand the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations behind certain phenomena, using methods such as interviews, observations, and analysis of textual data. It seeks to provide a holistic and in-depth understanding of a subject, rather than relying on statistical data or numerical measurements, which is the focus of quantitative research. Therefore, the correct answer is qualitative research.

Qualitative research refers to a type of social science research that collects and works with non-numerical data. It seeks to interpret meaning from these data in order to understand social life through the study of targeted populations or places. Unlike quantitative research, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative research uses methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis to gain insights into the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals or groups. This type of research is particularly useful for exploring complex social phenomena and understanding the context in which they occur.

The word "research" refers to the systematic investigation and study of a particular subject or topic. Similarly, "scrutiny" also implies a thorough examination or inspection of something. Therefore, "scrutiny" can be considered a synonym for "research" as both involve careful analysis and investigation.

Research with a characteristic of design flexibility means that it can vary or deviate based on personal insights, context sensitivity, and other factors. This implies that the research design can be adjusted or modified to accommodate different perspectives, circumstances, or new information that may arise during the research process. It allows for adaptability and openness to different approaches or interpretations, enhancing the overall quality and effectiveness of the research.

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The first step in the research process is to select a general problem. This involves identifying a broad area of interest or concern that the researcher wants to investigate further. It is important to choose a problem that is significant, relevant, and feasible to study. Once a general problem is selected, the researcher can then proceed to narrow down the focus by selecting a specific research problem, question, or hypothesis.

A researcher engages in unethical practices in conducting research when they analyze data that only reveal part of the facts and falsify findings. This means they intentionally manipulate or withhold information to present a distorted view of the research results. This is considered unethical because it undermines the integrity of the research process and can lead to false conclusions or misleading information. Researchers are expected to be transparent and objective in their analysis and reporting of data to ensure the validity and reliability of their findings.

Thinking of the 5 W's (Who, What, When, Where, Why) is a useful way of remembering the important questions about a researcher's research project. These questions help to gather comprehensive information and understanding about the project, including the researcher's identity, the purpose of the research, the timeline, the location, and the reasons behind conducting the study. By considering these key aspects, researchers can ensure that they have covered all the necessary elements and have a clear understanding of their project.

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The characteristic of research that is based on direct experience or observation by the researchers is empirical. Empirical research involves gathering data through direct observation or experimentation and relies on evidence and facts rather than theory or speculation. It emphasizes the use of observable and measurable data to support or refute hypotheses and draw conclusions. This type of research is considered reliable and objective as it is grounded in real-world observations and experiences.

Research is the correct answer because it refers to the act of conducting a systematic investigation or study to gather information, analyze data, and draw conclusions about a particular topic. It involves the collection and interpretation of data to expand knowledge and understanding in a specific field or subject. Research can be conducted in various ways, such as through experiments, surveys, interviews, or analysis of existing literature and data. It is a crucial process in academia, scientific studies, and many other fields to advance knowledge and make informed decisions.

Qualitative research involves studying real-life situations in their natural settings, which means that naturally occurring settings are actually a characteristic of qualitative research. Therefore, the answer "Naturally not Occurring Settings" is not a characteristic of qualitative research.

The question asks for the ethical principles that are NOT included in the given options. The options listed are Competence, Integrity, and Responsible publication. Illegitimacy is not an ethical principle, so it is the correct answer.

Research is the correct answer because it refers to the act of studying something carefully and extensively in order to attain deep knowledge. It involves gathering information, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions based on evidence. Through research, individuals can gain a thorough understanding of a subject or topic by exploring various sources and perspectives.

Empirical research is a type of research that is based on observed and measured phenomena. It focuses on gathering data and evidence from actual experience rather than relying on theory or belief. This approach aims to derive knowledge and understanding through systematic observation and experimentation. By studying real-world phenomena, empirical research seeks to provide objective and reliable information that can be used to make informed decisions and draw meaningful conclusions.

Ethnography is a type of qualitative research that involves studying a society, culture, or group in depth. It relies heavily on observation and integration into the society being studied. Ethnographers immerse themselves in the culture and community, observing and interacting with its members to gain a deep understanding of their beliefs, behaviors, and practices. Through this approach, ethnography aims to provide a detailed and holistic account of the social phenomena being investigated.

Field research involves going out of the room and undergoing an experiment outside. It typically involves gathering data and conducting experiments in real-world settings, such as natural environments or communities. This type of research allows researchers to directly observe and interact with the subjects or phenomena they are studying, providing a more accurate and contextual understanding of the research topic.

The planning process refers to the act of reflecting and identifying a topic area for inquiry, as well as making an outline plan for the inquiry. This involves carefully considering the objectives, resources, and steps necessary to conduct the inquiry effectively. It is a crucial step in any research or investigation as it helps to establish a clear direction and framework for the inquiry.

Qualitative research is the type of educational research in which the researcher relies on the views of participants. This research method involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and open-ended survey responses to gain an in-depth understanding of the participants' perspectives and experiences. Unlike quantitative research, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative research aims to explore and interpret subjective meanings and social contexts. By relying on the views of participants, qualitative research allows for a rich and comprehensive exploration of educational phenomena.

Research is important because it helps us gather information and use it for good purposes, such as making informed decisions, developing new technologies, or advancing knowledge in various fields. However, it is not true that research is important for gathering information and using it for bad purposes. Research ethics and responsible conduct of research are crucial to ensure that the information gathered is used ethically and for the betterment of society.

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According to Aquino, research is a simple and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem. This definition suggests that research involves actively seeking out information by posing questions, problems, or scenarios. It is a method or process that aims to discover, find out, and explain phenomena.

Research can lift up the economy by promoting improved techniques that ensure sustainable business productivity. Through research, new and innovative methods can be discovered and implemented, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in businesses. This, in turn, can contribute to economic growth by creating more jobs, increasing output, and attracting investments. By continuously researching and adopting better practices, businesses can remain competitive and thrive in the market, ultimately benefiting the overall economy.

Laboratory research is a type of research where studies are conducted in artificial or controlled conditions by isolating the study in a thoroughly specified and equipped area. This type of research allows researchers to manipulate variables and control external factors to study cause-and-effect relationships. By conducting experiments in a controlled environment, researchers can minimize external influences and obtain more accurate and reliable results. Laboratory research is commonly used in scientific disciplines such as biology, chemistry, and psychology to test hypotheses and gather empirical evidence.

Qualitative research is a type of research in which the researcher relies on the views of the participants. This type of research aims to understand the subjective experiences, opinions, and perspectives of individuals or groups. It involves gathering data through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups, and analyzing the data using interpretive approaches. Qualitative research is particularly useful in exploring complex social phenomena, providing rich and in-depth insights into the participants' perspectives, and generating theories and hypotheses for further investigation.

Martinez defined research as a scientific process that involves critically selecting data, investigating it, and analyzing it in order to gain new knowledge. This definition emphasizes the importance of using a scientific approach and being critical in the selection and analysis of data to ensure the validity and reliability of the research findings. The goal of research, according to Martinez, is to generate new knowledge by systematically examining and interpreting data.

Inquiry Based Learning is the correct answer because it aligns with the description provided in the question. This approach to teaching and learning involves creating a classroom environment where students are actively engaged and take on the role of active participants in their own learning process. The teacher's role is decentralized, allowing students to explore their own interests and questions through inquiry and investigation. This approach encourages critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

The answer "Why" is correct because it aligns with the statement that the purpose of doing the research is being defined. The question is asking for the reason behind conducting the research, which is essential in understanding the motivation and goals behind the study.

The correct answer is "Statistical." In qualitative research, statistical analysis is not typically used. Qualitative research focuses on understanding and interpreting subjective experiences, meanings, and perspectives, rather than quantifying data and drawing statistical conclusions. Instead, qualitative research often uses methods such as thematic analysis, which involves identifying and analyzing themes or patterns in the data. Contextual analysis is also commonly used in qualitative research to understand the social, cultural, and historical context in which the research is conducted. Non-statistical analysis refers to any other form of analysis that does not involve statistical methods.

Research is necessary for various reasons. Firstly, it helps us gain familiarity with a phenomenon and obtain new insights into it, allowing us to expand our knowledge and understanding. Secondly, research enables us to accurately portray the characteristics of individuals, situations, or groups, ensuring that our representations are reliable and valid. Lastly, research allows us to test hypotheses regarding the causal relationship between variables, helping us establish cause-and-effect relationships. Therefore, all of the given options are valid reasons for conducting research.

The given question is asking about the factors to consider in selecting a research problem, excluding one option. The options provided are availability of funds, investigator's ability and training, researcher's area of interest, and none of the above. The correct answer is "None of the above" because all of the factors mentioned (availability of funds, investigator's ability and training, and researcher's area of interest) are important considerations when selecting a research problem. Therefore, there is no factor that should be excluded from the list.

Quantitative research is a type of educational research where the researcher analyzes numbers using statistics and conducts the inquiry in an unbiased, objective manner. This type of research focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to understand patterns, relationships, and trends. It involves using structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis to gather and interpret data. This approach allows researchers to generalize findings and make objective conclusions based on the data collected.

Aquino is the correct answer because he is the author who defined research as a simple, systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem.

Inquiry refers to the act of seeking information or knowledge by asking questions. When someone is curious about something, they engage in inquiry by asking various questions to gather information and gain a deeper understanding of the subject. This process of questioning and seeking answers is an essential part of learning and exploring new topics.

The process that tackles communicating with the audience, presenting new understanding, and demonstrating appropriate audience behavior is sharing. This involves effectively conveying information, ideas, or insights to others, ensuring that they comprehend and engage with the content, and displaying appropriate conduct and etiquette while interacting with the audience. Sharing is an essential step in the Alberta Inquiry Model as it facilitates effective communication and dissemination of knowledge.

The correct answer is that the educational role of research is to improve educational practice. Research in the field of education helps to identify effective teaching methods, develop new educational strategies, and gather evidence to support educational policies and decisions. By conducting research, educators and policymakers can make informed choices and implement evidence-based practices to enhance the quality of education and improve student outcomes.

When selecting a research problem in qualitative research, it is important to consider the researcher's area of interest. This is because the researcher's passion and knowledge in a particular area will contribute to their motivation and ability to conduct an in-depth study. It also ensures that the researcher is personally invested in the topic, which can lead to more meaningful and insightful findings. Additionally, the researcher's area of interest may align with their expertise, allowing them to bring unique insights and perspectives to the study.

Retrieving is the correct answer because it refers to the process of locating and collecting resources for research. It involves bookmarking sources on the internet and selecting relevant information. This step is essential in order to gather the necessary information and data for conducting research effectively.

This answer is correct because one of the characteristics of classrooms where teachers emphasize inquiry-based learning is that students work collaboratively in groups, rather than individually. The other three options are all characteristics of inquiry-based learning classrooms, such as capitalizing on student curiosity, actively using and discussing data and information, and promoting collaboration between teachers, students, and teacher-librarians.

The correct steps in doing research are: 4-1-2-5-3-6. First, one must select general problems to research. Then, they should review the literature to gain a better understanding of the topic. After that, they should select a specific topic to focus on. The next step is to collect data related to the chosen topic. Once the data is collected, it should be analyzed and presented. Finally, the researcher should interpret the findings to draw meaningful conclusions.

Prewriting is not included in the process of inquiry-based research. Prewriting refers to the initial stage of the writing process where the researcher generates ideas, plans, and organizes their thoughts before starting the actual writing. However, in inquiry-based research, the focus is on actively investigating a research question or problem through gathering and analyzing data, evaluating evidence, and drawing conclusions. Prewriting is more relevant to the writing process itself rather than the research process.

Research is the correct answer because it involves a systematic and thorough investigation to discover and report new information or knowledge about a particular subject. It goes beyond simply studying or searching for information, as it requires a more focused and methodical approach to gather data, analyze findings, and draw meaningful conclusions. Research is often conducted to contribute to existing knowledge or address specific questions or problems in a particular field of study.

An act of looking or gathering information by asking various questions is commonly referred to as an inquiry. This term encompasses the process of seeking knowledge or understanding through questioning and investigation. It involves a systematic approach to gathering information and exploring different perspectives or sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of a topic.

Qualitative research is a primarily exploratory research method used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It focuses on gathering non-numerical data through methods like interviews, observations, and focus groups. This type of research aims to provide in-depth insights and subjective interpretations of the participants' experiences and perspectives. It is particularly useful when studying complex social phenomena or when little is known about the topic of interest. Quantitative research, on the other hand, focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, while inquiry and inquiry-based learning are broader concepts that encompass various research methods and educational approaches.

Inquiry refers to the process of seeking information by asking a series of questions. This involves actively searching for answers, exploring different perspectives, and gathering evidence to establish facts or reach new conclusions. It is a method of investigation or exploration that allows individuals to acquire knowledge and gain a deeper understanding of a particular subject or topic.

The correct answer is "Concern for context and meaning." This is not a part of the research process because it is a vague statement that does not specify any particular action or step in the research process. The other options, such as collecting data, selecting a specific research problem, and analyzing and presenting the data, are all essential steps in the research process.

Qualitative research is the type of research that identifies patterns, features, and themes. Unlike quantitative research which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative research aims to understand the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals. It involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and documents to uncover patterns, themes, and underlying meanings. This approach allows researchers to gain a deeper understanding of complex phenomena and explore the richness and diversity of human experiences.

Research is the process of systematically investigating a subject or topic in order to establish facts and draw new conclusions. It involves a methodical approach to gathering and analyzing data, often through experiments, surveys, or other forms of data collection. The goal of research is to contribute to the existing knowledge and understanding of a particular subject by uncovering new information or validating existing theories. It is a rigorous and objective process that seeks to provide reliable and unbiased knowledge.

Ethnography is the type of qualitative research that occurs when a researcher observes a certain group of people. Ethnography involves immersing oneself in the culture and context of the group being studied in order to understand their behaviors, beliefs, and experiences. This method allows the researcher to gain a deep understanding of the group's social interactions, values, and norms through participant observation and interviews. By observing and interacting with the group over an extended period of time, the researcher can generate rich and detailed insights into their lives and experiences.

Empirical research is a type of research that aims to create new knowledge by using direct observation or experience. It involves collecting and analyzing data to test hypotheses and draw conclusions. This type of research relies on evidence and facts rather than speculation or theory. Therefore, empirical research is the correct answer as it focuses on generating new knowledge through systematic and objective investigation.

"Making connections and inferences" belongs to the process of processing. Processing refers to the mental activity of manipulating and organizing information in order to make sense of it. Making connections and inferences involves the ability to link new information with existing knowledge and draw conclusions based on that understanding. This process is essential for comprehension and critical thinking.

Qualitative research does not rely on number-based data. Instead, it focuses on gathering and analyzing non-numerical data such as words, images, and observations. This type of research largely depends on the skill and rigor of the researcher, as they interpret and make meaning out of the collected data. Qualitative research is primarily used to formulate theories or hypotheses, and it often involves unstructured response options where participants can freely express their thoughts and experiences.

The correct answer is "A systematic investigation and study of materials and sources to establish facts and new conclusion." This answer accurately defines research as a systematic process of gathering and analyzing materials and sources in order to establish new facts and draw new conclusions. It highlights the importance of a structured approach and the goal of generating new knowledge through the research process.

The research process refers to the systematic and organized approach taken by a researcher to gather information and gain knowledge about a specific topic. The process involves various steps, such as assessing the available resources, initiating the research, organizing the collected data, and selecting the most relevant information. Therefore, the researcher learns from the research process by assessing the resources and gathering the necessary information to conduct a comprehensive study.

Developing a research question is important because it allows the researcher to clarify their concerns and issues related to the chosen topic. It serves as their initial step in the research process, helping them focus their investigation and establish a clear direction. By formulating a research question, the researcher can identify the specific information they want to gather and analyze, ensuring that their study is purposeful and meaningful. Additionally, a well-defined research question helps guide the participant's involvement in the research, as it provides a clear objective for them to address.

The characteristic of research that describes how it is organized and involves setting and following a time table properly is methodical. Methodical research involves a systematic and organized approach, where researchers plan and schedule their activities and adhere to a specific timeline. This ensures that the research is conducted in a structured and efficient manner, allowing for accurate data collection and analysis.

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Phenomenology is a type of qualitative research that focuses on the study of consciousness and the objects of direct experience. It aims to understand the essence and meaning of human experiences, exploring how individuals interpret and make sense of their subjective realities. This approach involves examining lived experiences and subjective perspectives through in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of personal narratives. Phenomenology allows researchers to gain insights into the unique ways individuals perceive and interpret the world around them, providing a rich understanding of human experiences and phenomena.

To start Inquiry Based Learning in doing a research, the first step is planning. This involves determining the research question or problem, identifying the objectives and goals of the research, and creating a plan of action. Planning helps in organizing the research process, defining the scope of the study, and outlining the steps and resources needed to carry out the inquiry. It ensures that the research is focused and systematic, allowing for a structured and effective approach to gathering and analyzing data.

In the phase of Inquiry-Based Learning where you locate and collect resources to evaluate information, you are retrieving the necessary materials and sources. This involves actively searching for relevant information, gathering data, and accessing resources that are needed to evaluate the information. Retrieving is an essential step in the inquiry process as it allows learners to gather the necessary information to analyze and evaluate in order to make informed decisions and draw conclusions.

In 1988, Martinez defined research as a "scientific process of critical selection of data, investigation, and analysis of such to gain new knowledge." This definition highlights the systematic and analytical nature of research, emphasizing the importance of carefully selecting and analyzing data to generate new knowledge.

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Research in various fields/areas, including economic research, can benefit our today's generation by promoting improved techniques to ensure sustainable business productivity. Economic research helps in identifying and analyzing market trends, consumer behavior, and economic indicators, which can aid businesses in making informed decisions. By understanding the economic landscape, businesses can develop strategies to optimize their operations, increase efficiency, and ensure long-term sustainability. This can lead to economic growth, job creation, and overall prosperity for the current generation and future generations.

When selecting a research problem, several factors need to be considered. These include the research's area of interest, availability of funds, and the investigator's ability and training. However, the population of participants is not a factor to consider when selecting a research problem. The population of participants is more relevant when determining the sample size or conducting data analysis, but it does not directly impact the selection of the research problem itself.

Research is used to gather necessary information, as it involves the systematic investigation and study of a subject in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. It is also used to know our history, as research helps us understand the past through the study of historical documents, artifacts, and records. Additionally, research is used to make changes, as it provides the knowledge and evidence necessary to identify problems, develop new ideas, and implement improvements in various fields. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

Aquino defines "research" as a simple, systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem.

The given answer is false because research is not inherently expensive, time-consuming, and unreliable. While some research projects may require significant funding, take a long time to complete, or have limitations in terms of reliability, this is not true for all research. Research can be conducted on a small scale with limited resources, can be completed in a relatively short time frame, and can produce reliable results if proper methodologies are followed. Therefore, the statement that research is always expensive, time-consuming, and unreliable is incorrect.

The fundamental core of a research project, study, or review of literature is the research question. It is the central inquiry that guides the entire research process and defines the purpose and scope of the study. The research question helps to identify the problem or issue being investigated, and it serves as a foundation for developing the methodology, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting the results. Without a clear research question, the study lacks focus and direction, making it difficult to achieve meaningful and reliable results.

There are seven characteristics of research. These characteristics include systematic investigation, controlled inquiry, empirical evidence, critical analysis, objectivity, replicability, and generalizability. These characteristics are essential in ensuring that research is conducted in a rigorous and reliable manner, allowing for the advancement of knowledge in a particular field.

The correct answer is "Analytical" because it is not a type of qualitative research. Qualitative research is a method that focuses on gathering non-numerical data, such as opinions, experiences, and behaviors, to understand a phenomenon in depth. Case study, ethnography, and grounded theory are all examples of qualitative research methods, whereas analytical research typically involves analyzing and interpreting numerical data to draw conclusions.

In research, the group of individuals that the researcher wants to draw conclusions about is referred to as the population. It is the larger group from which a sample is selected. The population represents the entire target group that the researcher is interested in studying and making inferences about. The sample is a smaller subset of the population that is selected to represent the larger group. By studying the population, researchers can make generalizations and draw conclusions that can be applied to the larger group.

Reviewing plans in research is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it allows for adjustments to the schedule, ensuring that the research stays on track and any necessary changes can be made in a timely manner. Secondly, reviewing plans helps researchers catch up with the schedule if they have fallen behind, allowing them to allocate resources and effort accordingly. Lastly, reviewing plans prompts researchers to exert more effort, ensuring that they are consistently evaluating and improving their work. Therefore, all of the above reasons emphasize the importance of regularly reviewing research plans.

Applicability is not a characteristic of research because research is primarily focused on generating new knowledge and understanding, rather than directly applying existing knowledge to practical situations. Research is analytical as it involves critical thinking and analysis of data, it is cyclical as it involves a continuous process of hypothesis testing and refinement, and it is methodical as it follows a systematic and organized approach to gather and analyze data. However, applicability refers to the practicality or usefulness of research findings, which is not a defining characteristic of research itself.