Practical Research 1 - Reviewer For Summative Assessment #1

The given statement describes analytical research. This type of research involves the systematic examination and interpretation of data using standard statistical methods. It focuses on analyzing and understanding the data to draw conclusions and make informed decisions.

Research is done for various reasons. One reason is to investigate a topic of interest, allowing individuals to explore and gain knowledge about a subject they are curious about. Additionally, research provides hands-on, practical experience in the field of study, enabling individuals to apply theoretical knowledge and develop practical skills. Moreover, the process of conducting research helps individuals become confident in their ability to find information and present it effectively. Therefore, all of the given options are valid reasons for conducting research.

In selecting a research problem, one important factor to consider is the researcher's area of interest. This is because a researcher is more likely to be motivated and dedicated to a problem that aligns with their own interests and expertise. When a researcher is passionate about a particular area, they are more likely to invest time and effort into conducting thorough research and producing meaningful results. Therefore, considering the researcher's area of interest is crucial in selecting a research problem.

The term "allegorical" refers to the use of symbolism or metaphorical representation, typically found in literature or art. In the context of research, this characteristic is not relevant or applicable. The other characteristics - critical, cyclical, and replicability - are all directly related to the research process and are commonly associated with conducting rigorous and valid research.

The correct answer is "All of the above" because developing a research instrument involves multiple steps. A pilot study is conducted to test the instrument's effectiveness and make necessary adjustments. The choice of measurement method is important as it determines how data will be collected. Selecting and formulating items refers to choosing the specific questions or statements that will be used in the instrument. Therefore, all of these steps are necessary in the development of a research instrument.

By understanding the links between ideas and determining the importance and relevance of arguments and ideas, one can develop critical thinking skills in research. This involves analyzing and evaluating the connections between different concepts and arguments, as well as assessing their significance in the context of the research topic. It requires the ability to think critically and objectively, considering multiple perspectives and evidence before drawing conclusions. By actively engaging with ideas and arguments in this way, individuals can enhance their critical thinking abilities and make informed decisions in their research.

A researcher engages in unethical practices in conducting research when they analyze data that only reveal part of the facts and falsify findings. This means they intentionally manipulate or withhold information to present a distorted view of the research results. This is considered unethical because it undermines the integrity of the research process and can lead to false conclusions or misleading information. Researchers are expected to be transparent and objective in their analysis and reporting of data to ensure the validity and reliability of their findings.

An effective research question is one that guides and centers the research, helping to provide clarity and focus. This means that the question should be specific and well-defined, allowing the researcher to gather relevant and meaningful data. By having a clear and focused research question, the researcher can ensure that their study is focused and that they are able to address the specific objectives they have set out to achieve.

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Qualitative research involves studying real-life situations in their natural settings, which means that naturally occurring settings are actually a characteristic of qualitative research. Therefore, the answer "Naturally not Occurring Settings" is not a characteristic of qualitative research.

Martinez is the author who gave the definition of research as a scientific process of critical selection of data, investigation, and analysis to gain new knowledge.

Ethnography is the type of qualitative research that occurs when a researcher observes a certain group of people. Ethnography involves immersing oneself in the culture and context of the group being studied in order to understand their behaviors, beliefs, and experiences. This method allows the researcher to gain a deep understanding of the group's social interactions, values, and norms through participant observation and interviews. By observing and interacting with the group over an extended period of time, the researcher can generate rich and detailed insights into their lives and experiences.

Qualitative research is a method of inquiry used in various academic disciplines and non-academic contexts such as market research and business. It involves a systematic collection and interpretation of data to illuminate, describe, or explain new facts and relationships. This type of research aims to understand the complexities and nuances of human behavior and experiences, often through methods like interviews, observations, and analysis of textual or visual data. By employing qualitative research, researchers can gain in-depth insights and generate rich, contextualized knowledge about a particular phenomenon or topic.

The question is asking for the factor that defines the time frame of doing research. Out of the options given, "When" is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the time aspect of conducting research. The "What" refers to the subject or topic of the research, "Who" pertains to the individuals involved in the research, and "Why" relates to the purpose or motivation behind the research. Therefore, "When" is the correct answer as it specifically addresses the time frame aspect of research.

To ensure that research does not violate the privacy of participants, it is important to provide them with sufficient information about the data that will be collected and how it will be used in the research. This allows participants to make an informed decision and give their consent. By seeking proper consent, researchers can ensure that participants are aware of how their privacy will be protected and have the opportunity to withdraw from the study if they are not comfortable. This approach respects the autonomy and privacy rights of participants, ensuring ethical research practices.

Research is conducted to make a person confident in their ability to find information. By engaging in research, individuals develop skills in gathering, analyzing, and interpreting data, which allows them to make informed decisions and form well-grounded opinions. Research also enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, enabling individuals to navigate through a vast amount of information and distinguish between reliable and misleading sources. Ultimately, research empowers individuals to be self-reliant in seeking knowledge and understanding, fostering confidence in their ability to find accurate and reliable information.

Developing a research question is important because it allows the researcher to clarify their concerns and issues related to the chosen topic. It serves as their initial step in the research process, helping them focus their investigation and establish a clear direction. By formulating a research question, the researcher can identify the specific information they want to gather and analyze, ensuring that their study is purposeful and meaningful. Additionally, a well-defined research question helps guide the participant's involvement in the research, as it provides a clear objective for them to address.

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles and values, guiding individuals and societies in determining what is right or wrong, proper or improper, and good or bad. It provides a framework for making decisions and judgments based on moral considerations. Ethics helps individuals and organizations navigate complex situations, ensuring that actions align with moral standards and societal norms. It plays a crucial role in various fields, including business, medicine, law, and research, as it promotes fairness, integrity, and accountability.

The letter "Budget" does not belong to the research process because it is not a specific step or action involved in conducting research. The research process typically includes steps such as initiating the research, locating relevant information, analyzing data, and presenting findings. However, budgeting is not directly related to the process of conducting research but rather a separate aspect that involves allocating resources and managing financial aspects of the research project.

Engaging in research can sharpen problem-solving skills because it requires critical thinking, analysis, and the ability to find innovative solutions to complex problems. Research involves gathering and evaluating information, identifying patterns and trends, and drawing conclusions based on evidence. These skills are transferable and can be applied in various aspects of life, such as work, personal relationships, and decision-making. Research also encourages curiosity, intellectual growth, and the development of a deeper understanding of a subject matter. Overall, participating in research can enhance problem-solving abilities and contribute to personal and professional growth.

In 1988, Martinez defined research as a "scientific process of critical selection of data, investigation, and analysis of such to gain new knowledge." This definition highlights the systematic and analytical nature of research, emphasizing the importance of carefully selecting and analyzing data to generate new knowledge.

The given answer, "Data and Information," is correct because data and information are actively used, interpreted, refined, digested, and discussed. Data refers to raw facts and figures, while information is processed data that has meaning and context. Both data and information are essential in various fields and industries for decision-making, analysis, research, and problem-solving. They are constantly being analyzed, interpreted, refined, and discussed to extract valuable insights and knowledge.

Integrity is not a characteristic of research because it refers to the moral and ethical values of an individual, while research is a systematic and objective investigation that aims to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge. While researchers should certainly conduct their work with integrity, it is not a defining characteristic of research itself. Research is characterized by being methodical, logical, and critical, as it follows a systematic approach, uses logical reasoning, and involves analyzing and evaluating information critically.

The odd one out in the Five W's is "Which" because it is the only one that does not start with the letter "W". The other options, "What", "Why", and "Who", all start with the letter "W" and follow the pattern of the Five W's, which are commonly used in journalism and research to gather information. "Which" does not fit this pattern, making it the odd one out.

Quantitative research is a type of educational research where the researcher analyzes numbers using statistics and conducts the inquiry in an unbiased, objective manner. This type of research focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to understand patterns, relationships, and trends. It involves using structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis to gather and interpret data. This approach allows researchers to generalize findings and make objective conclusions based on the data collected.

Research is used to gather necessary information, as it involves the systematic investigation and study of a subject in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. It is also used to know our history, as research helps us understand the past through the study of historical documents, artifacts, and records. Additionally, research is used to make changes, as it provides the knowledge and evidence necessary to identify problems, develop new ideas, and implement improvements in various fields. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

The correct answer is "Analytical" because it is not a type of qualitative research. Qualitative research is a method that focuses on gathering non-numerical data, such as opinions, experiences, and behaviors, to understand a phenomenon in depth. Case study, ethnography, and grounded theory are all examples of qualitative research methods, whereas analytical research typically involves analyzing and interpreting numerical data to draw conclusions.

Research is a systematic and methodical process of gathering and analyzing information to increase knowledge and understanding. It involves following a specific method or approach to ensure reliable and valid results. Research also requires logical thinking and analytical skills to interpret data and draw conclusions. However, ethics is not considered a characteristic of research. While ethical considerations are important in conducting research, they are not inherent to the process itself. Ethical considerations involve ensuring the protection of participants' rights and welfare, maintaining confidentiality, and obtaining informed consent.

Research with a characteristic of design flexibility means that it can vary or deviate based on personal insights, context sensitivity, and other factors. This implies that the research design can be adjusted or modified to accommodate different perspectives, circumstances, or new information that may arise during the research process. It allows for adaptability and openness to different approaches or interpretations, enhancing the overall quality and effectiveness of the research.

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Laboratory research is a type of research that deals more with experimentation. It involves conducting controlled experiments in a controlled environment, such as a laboratory, to gather data and test hypotheses. This type of research allows researchers to manipulate variables and control external factors, providing more control over the research process and allowing for more precise measurements and analysis. It is commonly used in scientific and medical fields to study cause-and-effect relationships and to test the effectiveness of interventions or treatments.

Research is used to gather information and analyze data in order to make informed decisions. By conducting research, you can identify potential solutions and determine which one is most likely to be successful in addressing your specific issue. Research helps to provide evidence and support for your chosen course of action, increasing the likelihood of achieving positive outcomes.

The most reliable and appropriate way to gather information for research is by going to a library and reading about the chosen topic. Libraries provide access to a wide range of books, journals, and other credible sources that can provide in-depth and accurate information. This method ensures that the information gathered is reliable, well-researched, and from reputable sources. It also allows for a comprehensive understanding of the topic by exploring different perspectives and opinions.

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Research is the correct answer because it involves a systematic and thorough investigation to discover and report new information or knowledge about a particular subject. It goes beyond simply studying or searching for information, as it requires a more focused and methodical approach to gather data, analyze findings, and draw meaningful conclusions. Research is often conducted to contribute to existing knowledge or address specific questions or problems in a particular field of study.

Using The Five W's is a way for remembering important questions to ask when doing research. The Five W's refer to Who, What, Where, When, and Why. By considering these questions, researchers can ensure that they cover all necessary aspects and gather comprehensive information. This method helps in organizing thoughts, identifying gaps in knowledge, and guiding the research process effectively.

IBL stands for Inquiry-Based Learning. This approach to learning focuses on students actively engaging in the process of asking questions, investigating, and problem-solving to deepen their understanding of a topic. It encourages students to be curious, think critically, and develop their own knowledge and skills through exploration and discovery. In IBL, students take ownership of their learning and become active participants in the learning process, rather than passive recipients of information. This approach promotes higher-order thinking, creativity, and independence in students.

The correct answer is "Statistical." In qualitative research, statistical analysis is not typically used. Qualitative research focuses on understanding and interpreting subjective experiences, meanings, and perspectives, rather than quantifying data and drawing statistical conclusions. Instead, qualitative research often uses methods such as thematic analysis, which involves identifying and analyzing themes or patterns in the data. Contextual analysis is also commonly used in qualitative research to understand the social, cultural, and historical context in which the research is conducted. Non-statistical analysis refers to any other form of analysis that does not involve statistical methods.

The correct answer is that qualitative research is non-statistical while quantitative research is statistical. This means that qualitative research focuses on gathering and interpreting non-numerical data, such as interviews or observations, to understand the underlying meanings and motivations. On the other hand, quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data using statistical methods to draw conclusions and make predictions.

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Inquiry refers to the process of looking for information by asking various questions about a specific topic or subject that one is curious about. It involves actively seeking out knowledge and understanding by investigating and exploring the subject matter. Through inquiry, individuals can discover truths and gain insights by actively engaging in the process of questioning and searching for answers.

Empirical research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher. It involves gathering data through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying on theory or speculation. This type of research aims to provide evidence-based conclusions and is often used in scientific and social sciences studies. Empirical research allows researchers to gather firsthand information and draw conclusions based on actual observations, making it a characteristic of research that is based on direct experience or observation.

The definition of research according to Good does not include the aspect of being disciplinary. Research is defined as careful, simple, and critical, but it does not necessarily have to be disciplinary.

Empirical research is a type of research that is based on observed and measured phenomena. It focuses on gathering data and evidence from actual experience rather than relying on theory or belief. This approach aims to derive knowledge and understanding through systematic observation and experimentation. By studying real-world phenomena, empirical research seeks to provide objective and reliable information that can be used to make informed decisions and draw meaningful conclusions.

Experience does not belong to the characteristics of research because research is based on systematic investigation and analysis, using logical and critical thinking. It involves gathering empirical evidence through observation and experimentation to generate new knowledge or validate existing theories. Experience, on the other hand, refers to personal knowledge gained through direct involvement or exposure to a particular situation or event, which may not necessarily follow the systematic and objective approach of research.

Field research involves going out of the room and undergoing an experiment outside. It typically involves gathering data and conducting experiments in real-world settings, such as natural environments or communities. This type of research allows researchers to directly observe and interact with the subjects or phenomena they are studying, providing a more accurate and contextual understanding of the research topic.

Sending a letter to a certain office before conducting the research is not considered an unethical practice in conducting research. It is a common practice to inform relevant parties, such as offices or organizations, about the research being conducted in order to seek their cooperation or permission. This helps ensure transparency and ethical conduct throughout the research process.

In research, the group of individuals that the researcher wants to draw conclusions about is referred to as the population. It is the larger group from which a sample is selected. The population represents the entire target group that the researcher is interested in studying and making inferences about. The sample is a smaller subset of the population that is selected to represent the larger group. By studying the population, researchers can make generalizations and draw conclusions that can be applied to the larger group.

Ethics is not a characteristic of research because it refers to the moral principles and values that guide the conduct of research, rather than a specific aspect of the research process itself. Research can be analytical, involving the examination and interpretation of data, critical, involving the evaluation and questioning of information, and cyclical, involving the iterative nature of the research process. However, ethics is a separate consideration that ensures research is conducted ethically and with integrity, protecting the rights and well-being of participants and ensuring the validity and credibility of the research findings.

Qualitative research is the type of educational research in which the researcher relies on the views of participants. This research method involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and open-ended survey responses to gain an in-depth understanding of the participants' perspectives and experiences. Unlike quantitative research, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative research aims to explore and interpret subjective meanings and social contexts. By relying on the views of participants, qualitative research allows for a rich and comprehensive exploration of educational phenomena.

Empirical means relying on or derived from observation or experiment. In the context of research, it implies that the researcher directly observes and experiences the phenomenon being studied. This characteristic ensures that the research is based on real-world evidence and data, rather than just theoretical or speculative ideas. By being empirical, the researcher can gather first-hand information, make accurate observations, and draw valid conclusions. Therefore, the answer "Empirical" is correct as it accurately describes the characteristic of research where the researcher directly observes and experiences the research.

When selecting a research problem in qualitative research, it is important to consider the researcher's area of interest. This is because the researcher's passion and knowledge in a particular area will contribute to their motivation and ability to conduct an in-depth study. It also ensures that the researcher is personally invested in the topic, which can lead to more meaningful and insightful findings. Additionally, the researcher's area of interest may align with their expertise, allowing them to bring unique insights and perspectives to the study.

Most qualitative research focuses on specific cases or contexts rather than generic ones. Researchers aim to gain in-depth understanding of the unique characteristics and complexities of a particular case or phenomenon. Therefore, generic case orientation does not characterize most qualitative research.

Retrieving is the correct answer because it refers to the process of locating and collecting resources for research. It involves bookmarking sources on the internet and selecting relevant information. This step is essential in order to gather the necessary information and data for conducting research effectively.

When selecting a research problem, one important factor to consider is the investigator's ability and training. This is because the investigator's skills, knowledge, and expertise in a particular area will greatly influence their ability to conduct thorough and effective research. They need to have the necessary skills and training to design a research study, collect and analyze data, and interpret the results accurately. Without the appropriate ability and training, the investigator may struggle to conduct high-quality research and may not be able to address the research problem effectively.

According to Aquino, research is a simple and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem. This definition suggests that research involves actively seeking out information by posing questions, problems, or scenarios. It is a method or process that aims to discover, find out, and explain phenomena.

The given options are all activities that can be part of a larger process. Researching, creating, processing, and sharing are all steps that can be involved in various tasks or projects. However, "Researching" stands out as it is the only option that does not involve any direct action or output. It is a preliminary step that involves gathering information and data before proceeding with other tasks.

Laboratory research is a type of research where studies are conducted in artificial or controlled conditions by isolating the study in a thoroughly specified and equipped area. This type of research allows researchers to manipulate variables and control external factors to study cause-and-effect relationships. By conducting experiments in a controlled environment, researchers can minimize external influences and obtain more accurate and reliable results. Laboratory research is commonly used in scientific disciplines such as biology, chemistry, and psychology to test hypotheses and gather empirical evidence.

Field research is conducted in an open place, such as a natural environment or a public space, and involves observing and studying phenomena that occur naturally. This type of research allows for the collection of real-time data in a natural setting, without manipulating variables or controlling the environment. It is often used in social sciences, anthropology, ecology, and other disciplines to gain a deeper understanding of the subject under study in its natural context. Field research can involve direct observation, interviews, surveys, and other methods to gather information.

Research in various fields/areas, including economic research, can benefit our today's generation by promoting improved techniques to ensure sustainable business productivity. Economic research helps in identifying and analyzing market trends, consumer behavior, and economic indicators, which can aid businesses in making informed decisions. By understanding the economic landscape, businesses can develop strategies to optimize their operations, increase efficiency, and ensure long-term sustainability. This can lead to economic growth, job creation, and overall prosperity for the current generation and future generations.

When selecting a research problem, several factors need to be considered. These include the research's area of interest, availability of funds, and the investigator's ability and training. However, the population of participants is not a factor to consider when selecting a research problem. The population of participants is more relevant when determining the sample size or conducting data analysis, but it does not directly impact the selection of the research problem itself.

The useful way of remembering the important questions to ask about your research project is to think of the Five W's. This refers to asking the questions: Who, What, Where, When, and Why. By considering these questions, researchers can ensure that they have covered all the necessary aspects of their project and have a comprehensive understanding of their research objectives and methods. This approach helps to organize and structure the research process, ensuring that no important questions are overlooked.

The correct answer is "Concern for context and meaning." This is not a part of the research process because it is a vague statement that does not specify any particular action or step in the research process. The other options, such as collecting data, selecting a specific research problem, and analyzing and presenting the data, are all essential steps in the research process.

The ethical principle that does not belong to the given options is "One-Sidedness". Private Information, Social Responsibility, and Non-Discrimination are all ethical principles that are commonly recognized and practiced. However, "One-Sidedness" is not a recognized ethical principle. It is important to consider multiple perspectives and avoid favoring one side over another, which is why "One-Sidedness" does not fit in this list.

The two general classification types of research are qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research involves exploring and understanding subjective experiences, opinions, and behaviors through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups. On the other hand, quantitative research focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns, trends, and relationships using statistical methods. These two types of research provide different perspectives and approaches to studying phenomena and are often used together to gain a comprehensive understanding of a research topic.

In selecting a research problem, it is important to consider the interest of the researcher. This is because when a researcher is interested in a particular topic, they are more likely to be motivated and dedicated to conducting thorough research. Their passion for the subject can also lead to more innovative and insightful findings. Additionally, an interested researcher is more likely to enjoy the research process, which can result in a higher quality of work. Therefore, the interest of the researcher is a crucial factor to consider when selecting a research problem.

Aquino defines "research" as a simple, systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem.

The given answer is false because research is not inherently expensive, time-consuming, and unreliable. While some research projects may require significant funding, take a long time to complete, or have limitations in terms of reliability, this is not true for all research. Research can be conducted on a small scale with limited resources, can be completed in a relatively short time frame, and can produce reliable results if proper methodologies are followed. Therefore, the statement that research is always expensive, time-consuming, and unreliable is incorrect.

Research plays a crucial role in our daily lives as it helps us find plausible answers and solutions to doubts and problems. It allows us to expand our knowledge and make new discoveries. Through research, we can gain a deeper understanding of various phenomena and increase our awareness of the world around us. It enables us to explore new ideas, challenge existing beliefs, and contribute to the advancement of society. Therefore, the role of research in our daily lives is to expand knowledge and discoveries.

The characteristic of research that is based on actual observation and experimentation rather than theories is empirical. Empirical research relies on gathering data and evidence through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying solely on theoretical concepts or assumptions. This type of research aims to provide objective and verifiable information, allowing for the development of reliable conclusions and theories based on real-world observations.

The process that tackles communicating with the audience, presenting new understanding, and demonstrating appropriate audience behavior is sharing. This involves effectively conveying information, ideas, or insights to others, ensuring that they comprehend and engage with the content, and displaying appropriate conduct and etiquette while interacting with the audience. Sharing is an essential step in the Alberta Inquiry Model as it facilitates effective communication and dissemination of knowledge.

Qualitative research does not rely on number-based data. Instead, it focuses on gathering and analyzing non-numerical data such as words, images, and observations. This type of research largely depends on the skill and rigor of the researcher, as they interpret and make meaning out of the collected data. Qualitative research is primarily used to formulate theories or hypotheses, and it often involves unstructured response options where participants can freely express their thoughts and experiences.

Empirical research is a type of research where knowledge is produced based on experience or observations. It involves gathering data through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying on theory or speculation. This approach allows researchers to gather real-world evidence and draw conclusions based on actual observations and experiences. Empirical research is often used in fields such as social sciences, psychology, and natural sciences to investigate and understand phenomena in a systematic and objective manner.

Among the given authors, Faulkerson did not define research.

The correct answer is that the educational role of research is to improve educational practice. Research in the field of education helps to identify effective teaching methods, develop new educational strategies, and gather evidence to support educational policies and decisions. By conducting research, educators and policymakers can make informed choices and implement evidence-based practices to enhance the quality of education and improve student outcomes.

The first step in the research process is to select a general problem. This involves identifying a broad area of interest or concern that the researcher wants to investigate further. It is important to choose a problem that is significant, relevant, and feasible to study. Once a general problem is selected, the researcher can then proceed to narrow down the focus by selecting a specific research problem, question, or hypothesis.

This answer is correct because one of the characteristics of classrooms where teachers emphasize inquiry-based learning is that students work collaboratively in groups, rather than individually. The other three options are all characteristics of inquiry-based learning classrooms, such as capitalizing on student curiosity, actively using and discussing data and information, and promoting collaboration between teachers, students, and teacher-librarians.

The characteristic of research that is based on direct experience or observation by the researchers is empirical. Empirical research involves gathering data through direct observation or experimentation and relies on evidence and facts rather than theory or speculation. It emphasizes the use of observable and measurable data to support or refute hypotheses and draw conclusions. This type of research is considered reliable and objective as it is grounded in real-world observations and experiences.

Qualitative research is a type of research in which the researcher relies on the views of the participants. This type of research aims to understand the subjective experiences, opinions, and perspectives of individuals or groups. It involves gathering data through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups, and analyzing the data using interpretive approaches. Qualitative research is particularly useful in exploring complex social phenomena, providing rich and in-depth insights into the participants' perspectives, and generating theories and hypotheses for further investigation.

Grounded Theory is a type of qualitative research that aims to understand an action from the perspective of a human agent. It focuses on generating a theory that is based on the data collected in a specific social context. This approach involves systematic data collection and analysis to develop a theory that is grounded in the observations made during the research process. It is particularly useful in exploring and understanding social phenomena in their natural settings.

Class based activities involve naturalistic observations, surveys, and experiments. These activities are designed to provide students with hands-on experience and practical knowledge in conducting research. Through these activities, students can learn how to observe and collect data in real-world settings, administer surveys to gather information, and design and carry out experiments to test hypotheses. This form of research experience allows students to apply theoretical concepts learned in class to real-life situations, enhancing their understanding and skills in research methodology.

Research is the correct answer because it refers to the act of conducting a systematic investigation or study to gather information, analyze data, and draw conclusions about a particular topic. It involves the collection and interpretation of data to expand knowledge and understanding in a specific field or subject. Research can be conducted in various ways, such as through experiments, surveys, interviews, or analysis of existing literature and data. It is a crucial process in academia, scientific studies, and many other fields to advance knowledge and make informed decisions.

To start Inquiry Based Learning in doing a research, the first step is planning. This involves determining the research question or problem, identifying the objectives and goals of the research, and creating a plan of action. Planning helps in organizing the research process, defining the scope of the study, and outlining the steps and resources needed to carry out the inquiry. It ensures that the research is focused and systematic, allowing for a structured and effective approach to gathering and analyzing data.

The steps in the Inquiry-based Learning Process are arranged in the following order: Planning, Retrieving, Processing, Creating, Sharing, and Evaluating. This order ensures a systematic approach to learning, starting with planning the inquiry, then retrieving relevant information, processing and analyzing the information, creating new knowledge or solutions, sharing the findings or creations with others, and finally evaluating the process and outcomes. This sequence allows for a comprehensive and structured learning experience that promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration.

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Parel is the author who defines "research is a systematic study or investigation of something for the purpose of answering questions."

The correct answer is "data and information are actively used, interpreted, defined, refined and discussed". This answer aligns with the characteristics of classrooms where teachers emphasize on inquiry-based learning, as stated by Dayton and Falk (2001). In such classrooms, students actively engage with data and information, using critical thinking skills to interpret, define, refine, and discuss them. This approach encourages students to explore and analyze information, fostering inquiry and deeper understanding.

Research is integral to the progress and evolution of mankind because it provides and expands knowledge, allowing people to better understand and control their environment. By conducting research, individuals can uncover new information, discover innovative solutions, and gain insights into various aspects of the world. This knowledge can then be applied to improve various fields such as medicine, technology, and environmental conservation. Ultimately, research enables humans to make informed decisions, solve problems, and advance society as a whole.

Both A and B are correct because they accurately describe the difference between qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research is exploratory in nature and focuses on understanding subjective experiences and generating themes. On the other hand, quantitative research aims to quantify the problem by collecting numerical data that can be analyzed statistically. Both types of research methods have their own strengths and are used in different contexts depending on the research objectives and questions.

Aquino is the correct answer because he is the author who defined research as a simple, systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem.

The question asks for the ethical principles that are NOT included in the given options. The options listed are Competence, Integrity, and Responsible publication. Illegitimacy is not an ethical principle, so it is the correct answer.

The characteristics, processes, and ethics of research include being empirical (based on observation and experience), logical (using reasoning and evidence), and cyclical (repeating the research process). The answer "Replicability, Methodical, Accountability" is not included because it does not align with the given characteristics. Replicability refers to the ability to repeat a study and obtain similar results, methodical refers to following a systematic and organized approach, and accountability refers to taking responsibility for one's actions. While these are important aspects of research, they are not explicitly mentioned in the given options.

Qualitative research refers to a type of social science research that collects and works with non-numerical data. It seeks to interpret meaning from these data in order to understand social life through the study of targeted populations or places. Unlike quantitative research, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis, qualitative research uses methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis to gain insights into the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals or groups. This type of research is particularly useful for exploring complex social phenomena and understanding the context in which they occur.

Qualitative research is applicable when you want to understand people's opinions, attitudes, and feelings towards a certain law or bill. It focuses on gathering subjective data through methods like interviews, observations, and surveys to gain insights into people's perspectives. This type of research helps in exploring and understanding the underlying reasons and motivations behind people's approval or disapproval of a law or bill, providing a deeper understanding of public sentiment.

Ethics refers to the study of moral principles and values that determine what is right or wrong, proper or improper, and good or bad. It involves examining and evaluating human behavior and actions in order to make ethical judgments. Therefore, ethics is the word being considered to deal with beliefs about what is wrong or right, proper or improper, and the good or bad.