Microbiology - Chapter 8

28 Questions | By Dindiam | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 393

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1.

The synthesis of DNA, in which small nucleotides are joined together to make a single large molecule would be most correctly described as being a/n ________ reaction.
- A.
  
  Metabolic
- B.
  
  Anabolic
- C.
  
  Catabolic
- D.
  
  Cytobolic
2.

Photoautotrophs obtain energy from
- A.
  
  Light and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source
- B.
  
  Organic molecules and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source
- C.
  
  Inorganic substances and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source
- D.
  
  Light and use inorganic substances as a carbon source
3.

Organisms which get their carbon from other organisms are
- A.
  
  Autotrophs
- B.
  
  Chemotrophs
- C.
  
  Phototrophs
- D.
  
  Heterotrophs
4.

Digestive reactions where large molecules are broken down into smaller ones is called:
- A.
  
  Metabolism
- B.
  
  Catabolism
- C.
  
  Biosynthesis
- D.
  
  Anabolism
5.

Enzymes work by
- A.
  
  Lowering the energy of the reactants
- B.
  
  Raising the energy of the products
- C.
  
  Decreasing the activation energy of the reaction
- D.
  
  Increasing the activation energy of the reaction
6.

Factors that affect the rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions include
- A.
  
  Temperature
- B.
  
  PH
- C.
  
  Concentration of enzyme
- D.
  
  All of the above
7.

Which of the following is not a carrier molecule that carries hydrogen atoms or electrons in oxidative
- A.
  
  Iron
- B.
  
  FAD
- C.
  
  Niacin
- D.
  
  NAD
8.

In glycolysis each molecule of glucose eventually produces ________ molecules of pyruvic acid.
- A.
  
  One
- B.
  
  Two
- C.
  
  Three
- D.
  
  Four
9.

Which of the following is true about glycolysis?
- A.
  
  The net yield of ATP is two ATPs for each molecule of glucose
- B.
  
  It provides cells with a relatively large amount of energy
- C.
  
  Four molecules of ATP are used in the initial phosphorylation steps
- D.
  
  The ATP that is used up during glycolysis is not considered in calculating the net yield of ATP
10.

During glycolysis, electrons are initially transferred to
- A.
  
  NAD
- B.
  
  FAD
- C.
  
  NADP
- D.
  
  H2O
11.

Organisms that can use oxygen for metabolic reactions but can also function in an environment devoid of oxygen are termed
- A.
  
  Aerobes
- B.
  
  Anaerobes
- C.
  
  Aerophiles
- D.
  
  Facultative anaerobes
12.

Aerotolerant anaerobes
- A.
  
  Can only utilize oxygen and can detoxify it
- B.
  
  Require a small amount of oxygen to survive and grow
- C.
  
  Can't survive in presence of oxgen
- D.
  
  Do not utilize oxygen but can survive ad grow in its presence
13.

In fermentation reactions occuring in yeast to produce wine, two products of the reactions are _______ and ____________.
- A.
  
  Acid; hydrogen gas
- B.
  
  Hydrogen gas; propionic acid
- C.
  
  Ethyl alcohol; methane
- D.
  
  Carbon dioxide; ethyl alcohol
14.

The initial substrate molecule for the Krebs cycle is
- A.
  
  Pyruvic acid
- B.
  
  Acetyl-CoA
- C.
  
  Acetic acid
- D.
  
  Butanediol
15.

In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is
- A.
  
  Water
- B.
  
  Oxygen
- C.
  
  Sulfur
- D.
  
  Coenzyme Q
16.

The prokaryotic aerobic metabolism of glucose produces a total (net) of ________ molecules of ATP.
- A.
  
  24
- B.
  
  30
- C.
  
  34
- D.
  
  38
17.

Which reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix?
- A.
  
  Glycolysis
- B.
  
  Fermentation
- C.
  
  Krebs cycle
- D.
  
  Electron transport
18.

The first step in protein metabolism is the breakdown of proteins into
- A.
  
  Nucleotides
- B.
  
  Fatty acids
- C.
  
  Amino acids
- D.
  
  Coenzymes
19.

The green sulfur and purple sulfur bacteria are capable of
- A.
  
  Carrying out photosynthesis
- B.
  
  Only obtaining energy from organic molecules
- C.
  
  Bypassing glycolysis for the Krebs cycle
- D.
  
  Metabolizing without enzymes
20.

In photosynthesis, light energy is used to
- A.
  
  Break down proteins
- B.
  
  Phosphorylate ADP to form ATP
- C.
  
  Metabolize glycerol
- D.
  
  Synthesize carbohydrates
21.

In photosynthesis, chemical energy is used to make organic molecules in the
- A.
  
  Light reaction
- B.
  
  Dark reaction
- C.
  
  Hydrolytic reaction
- D.
  
  Photophosphorylation reaction
22.

Bioluminescent microbes
- A.
  
  May have evolved to remove oxygen from the atmosphere
- B.
  
  Are often beneficiares of symbiotic relationships with a larger host, producing light in exchange for nutrients
- C.
  
  Often have the enzyme luciferase which catalyzes the oxidation reaction that emits light
- D.
  
  All of the above
23.

Glucose is to photosynthesis as pyruvate is to
- A.
  
  Oxidative phosphorylation
- B.
  
  Glycolysis
- C.
  
  Fermentation
- D.
  
  Krebs cycle
24.

Which one of the following pairs is mismatched
- A.
  
  Alcohol-fermentation
- B.
  
  Pyruvate-glycolysis
- C.
  
  Carbon dioxide-glycolysis
- D.
  
  NADH-Krebs cycle
25.

A holoenzyme consists of
- A.
  
  An apoenzyme plus a cofactor
- B.
  
  An apoenzyme plus a coenzyme
- C.
  
  A protein and non-protein component
- D.
  
  All of the above