Microbial Metabolism

2.

With respect to the element carbon, respiration is a(n) _________ reaction.

Dehydration synthesis.
Digestion.
Oxidation.
Reduction.

Correct Answer

A. Oxidation.

Explanation

Respiration is a process in which organic molecules, such as glucose, are broken down to release energy. During this process, carbon atoms in glucose are oxidized, meaning they lose electrons and increase their oxidation state. Therefore, respiration is an oxidation reaction with respect to the element carbon.

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3.

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is

Correct Answer
accepting the hydrogen removed from organic compounds.

Explanation
In aerobic respiration, oxygen plays a crucial role in accepting the hydrogen atoms that are removed from organic compounds during the breakdown of glucose. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and is essential for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing for the efficient transfer of electrons and the generation of a proton gradient. This proton gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP. Therefore, the statement "accepting the hydrogen removed from organic compounds" accurately describes the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration.

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4

4.

Respiration is important because

Its waste heat helps to warm the environment.
It conserves energy.
Enzymes require it.
It recycles energy.

Correct Answer

A. It conserves energy.

Explanation

Respiration is important because it conserves energy. During respiration, cells break down glucose to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. This process allows the cell to efficiently utilize and store energy for various metabolic activities. Without respiration, cells would not be able to generate the necessary energy to sustain life processes.

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5.

When glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water during aerobic respiration, more than 60% of its energy is released as

Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Heat
ATP

Correct Answer

A. Heat

Explanation

During aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. This process releases energy in the form of heat. Heat is a byproduct of the metabolic reactions that occur during respiration. While some energy is also stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), more than 60% of the energy released is in the form of heat.

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6.

The summary equation for photosynthesis is

CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2 + ATP + Heat
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + ATP + Heat
CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2
C6H12O6 + CO2 + Ethyl alcohol + ATP + Heat

Correct Answer

A. CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

Explanation

The correct answer is CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2. This equation represents the process of photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are converted into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) using light energy. This is the primary reaction that occurs in plants during photosynthesis, allowing them to produce glucose for energy and release oxygen as a byproduct.

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7.

The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from

Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide
Water
None of the choices are correct

Correct Answer

A. Water

Explanation

During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. The oxygen released into the air is a byproduct of this process. Specifically, during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split, releasing oxygen as a waste product. This oxygen is then released into the air, while the hydrogen ions and electrons produced during the splitting of water are used to produce energy-rich molecules. Therefore, the oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from water.

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8.

Why are (most) plants green?

Chlorophyll a reflects green light.
Chlorophyll b primarily uses green light as the source of energy for photosynthesis.
Green helps plants blend into their environment as a sort of camouflage.
Chlorophyll a absorbs green light.

Correct Answer

A. Chlorophyll a reflects green light.

Explanation

Chlorophyll a reflects green light, which means that it does not absorb green light but instead reflects it back. This is why most plants appear green in color. Chlorophyll b, on the other hand, primarily uses green light as a source of energy for photosynthesis. The statement about green helping plants blend into their environment as camouflage is not relevant to the explanation.

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9.

Nitrogen fixation involves the enzyme ________ catalyzing the reaction:N2 + 10 + _ e- ---> 2 NH4 + H2

Nitrate reductase; H2O; 6
Nitrogenase; H+; 8
Nitrogenase; H+; 2
Nitrogen reductase; H2O; 6

Correct Answer

A. Nitrogenase; H+; 8

10.

Nitrogenase complex → complex enzyme with multiple redox centers that carries out nitrogen fixation (reductase - provides electrons with high reducing power / nitrogenase - uses these electrons to reduce N2 to NH3)

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The nitrogenase complex is a complex enzyme that contains multiple redox centers. It is responsible for carrying out nitrogen fixation, a process in which it reduces N2 (nitrogen gas) to NH3 (ammonia). The reductase component of the complex provides electrons with high reducing power, which are then used by the nitrogenase component to carry out the reduction reaction. Therefore, the given statement is true.

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2

Microbial Metabolism

The process of converting chemical energy of glucose into the chemical bonds of ATP is called?

Quiz Preview

With respect to the element carbon, respiration is a(n) _________ reaction.

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is

Respiration is important because

When glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water during aerobic respiration, more than 60% of its energy is released as

The summary equation for photosynthesis is

The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from

Why are (most) plants green?

Nitrogen fixation involves the enzyme ________ catalyzing the reaction:N2 + 10 + _ e- ---> 2 NH4 + H2

Nitrogenase complex → complex enzyme with multiple redox centers that carries out nitrogen fixation (reductase - provides electrons with high reducing power / nitrogenase - uses these electrons to reduce N2 to NH3)

Microbial Metabolism

The process of converting chemical energy of glucose into the chemical bonds of ATP is called?

Quiz Preview

With respect to the element carbon, respiration is a(n) _________ reaction.

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is

Respiration is important because

When glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water during aerobic respiration, more than 60% of its energy is released as

The summary equation for photosynthesis is

The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from

Why are (most) plants green?

Nitrogen fixation involves the enzyme __________ catalyzing the reaction:N2 + 10 ____ + ___ e- ---> 2 NH4 + H2

Nitrogenase complex → complex enzyme with multiple redox centers that carries out nitrogen fixation (reductase - provides electrons with high reducing power / nitrogenase - uses these electrons to reduce N2 to NH3)

Nitrogen fixation involves the enzyme ________ catalyzing the reaction:N2 + 10 + _ e- ---> 2 NH4 + H2