Medical Terminology - Urinary System

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  • 1/15 Questions

    Glomerulonephritis

    • Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney
    • Renal Calculi
    • Renal Failure
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About This Quiz

This quiz focuses on the urinary system, assessing knowledge of key structures such as the glomerulus, urinary bladder, and renal hormone functions. It is designed for learners in medical fields, enhancing understanding of anatomical and physiological aspects of the urinary system.

Urinary System Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Pyelonephritis

    • Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

    • Inability to urinate

    • Tumor of the urinary bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma". Pyelonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma, which are parts of the kidney. This inflammation is usually caused by a bacterial infection, and it can lead to symptoms such as fever, flank pain, and urinary tract symptoms. Inability to urinate and tumor of the urinary bladder are unrelated conditions and not associated with pyelonephritis.

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  • 3. 

    Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules.

    • Interstitial Nephritis

    • Ketone Bodies

    • Bilirubin

    Correct Answer
    A. Interstitial Nephritis
    Explanation
    Interstitial nephritis is the inflammation of the connective tissue that surrounds the renal tubules. This condition can be caused by various factors such as infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, and certain diseases. It often leads to impaired kidney function and can present with symptoms like blood in the urine, fever, and swelling. Treatment typically involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause, as well as managing symptoms and supporting kidney function.

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  • 4. 

    Tube for injecting or removing fluids.

    • Catheter

    • Creatinine

    • Filtration

    Correct Answer
    A. Catheter
    Explanation
    A catheter is a tube that is used to inject or remove fluids from the body. It is commonly used in medical procedures to deliver medication, drain fluids, or collect samples. Catheters are typically made of flexible material and can be inserted into various parts of the body, such as blood vessels, the bladder, or the urethra. They are essential tools in healthcare settings and are used for a variety of purposes, including urinary catheterization, intravenous therapy, and drainage of fluids or gases.

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  • 5. 

    Pyel/o

    • Tongue

    • Uteres

    • Renal Pelvis

    Correct Answer
    A. Renal Pelvis
    Explanation
    The term "pyel/o" refers to the renal pelvis, which is the funnel-shaped part of the kidney that collects urine from the renal tubules and funnels it into the ureter. The other options, tongue and uteres, are not related to the term "pyel/o" and are therefore incorrect.

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  • 6. 

    A hollow, muscular sac, is a temporary reservoir for urine.

    • Urethra

    • Kidney

    • Urinary Bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary Bladder
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that serves as a temporary reservoir for urine. It is located in the pelvis and expands as it fills with urine, allowing for the storage of urine until it is excreted from the body through the urethra. The kidney, on the other hand, is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood to form urine, while the urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

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  • 7. 

    Cyst/o

    • Urinary Bladder

    • Kidney

    • Liver

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary Bladder
    Explanation
    The term "cyst/o" refers to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is an organ in the body that stores urine before it is eliminated from the body. It is a part of the urinary system and is responsible for the storage and release of urine. Therefore, the correct answer is "Urinary Bladder".

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  • 8. 

    Name of a collection of tiny capillaries that forms in the shape of a small ball.

    • Arterioles

    • Glomerulus

    • Nephron

    Correct Answer
    A. Glomerulus
    Explanation
    The glomerulus is a network of tiny capillaries that forms in the shape of a small ball. It is located in the kidney and plays a crucial role in the filtration of blood. The glomerulus is responsible for filtering waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood, which are then processed and eliminated from the body as urine. Therefore, the glomerulus is the correct answer in this case.

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  • 9. 

    A depression on the medial border of the kidney.  Blood vessels and nerves pass through this.

    • Hilum

    • Trigone

    • Meatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Hilum
    Explanation
    The hilum is a depression on the medial border of the kidney where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit. It serves as the entry and exit point for the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter. This is an important anatomical feature of the kidney as it allows for the transportation of blood and urine to and from the organ.

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  • 10. 

    Hormone secreted by the kidney.

    • Uric Acid

    • Renin

    • Medulla

    Correct Answer
    A. Renin
    Explanation
    Renin is a hormone that is secreted by the kidney. It plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining fluid balance in the body. Renin acts on a protein called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I, which is then further converted into angiotensin II. Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels and stimulates the release of aldosterone, another hormone that helps regulate blood pressure. Overall, renin helps to control blood pressure and maintain homeostasis in the body.

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  • 11. 

    Vesic/o

    • Uninary Bladder

    • Stone

    • Ketone

    Correct Answer
    A. Uninary Bladder
    Explanation
    The term "Vesic/o" refers to the urinary bladder. This is the correct answer because "Vesic/o" is a combining form that specifically relates to the urinary bladder. The other options, such as "Stone" and "Ketone," do not directly relate to the term "Vesic/o." Therefore, "Uninary Bladder" is the most appropriate explanation for the given term.

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  • 12. 

    Opening or Canal.

    • Renal Artery

    • Meatus

    • Urea

    Correct Answer
    A. Meatus
    Explanation
    The term "meatus" refers to an opening or canal in the body. In this context, it is likely referring to the urethral meatus, which is the external opening of the urethra. The other options, renal artery and urea, do not fit the definition of an opening or canal. The correct answer is "meatus."

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  • 13. 

    Azot/o

    • Potassium

    • Sugar

    • Nitrogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Nitrogen
    Explanation
    The term "Azot/o" refers to nitrogen. Nitrogen is a chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. It is a crucial element for life as it is a component of proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen is also a major component of the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 78% of it. Therefore, "Nitrogen" is the correct answer in this context.

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  • 14. 

    High blood pressure caused by an abnormal condition, such as glomerulonephritis

    • Diabetes

    • Chronic Kidney Disease

    • Secondary Hypertension

    Correct Answer
    A. Secondary Hypertension
    Explanation
    Secondary hypertension refers to high blood pressure that is caused by an underlying medical condition or medication. In this case, the abnormal condition of glomerulonephritis is causing the high blood pressure. Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease that affects the filtering units of the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage. This damage can disrupt the normal regulation of blood pressure, resulting in hypertension. Therefore, secondary hypertension is the correct answer in this scenario.

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  • 15. 

    Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect.

    • Diabetes Mellitus

    • Diabetes Insipudus

    • Wilms Tumor

    Correct Answer
    A. Diabetes Insipudus
    Explanation
    Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a resistance to its effect on the kidneys. ADH is responsible for regulating the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys, so when it is not secreted adequately or the kidneys are resistant to it, excessive amounts of urine are produced. This leads to increased thirst and frequent urination, which are common symptoms of diabetes insipidus. Therefore, the given explanation correctly identifies diabetes insipidus as the condition associated with the inadequate secretion or resistance to ADH.

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  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 06, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Mtdnavarro
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