Chapter 15: Urinary System Quiz

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  • 1/10 Questions

    The uptake of substances from the lumen of the nephrons is known as tubular reabsorption.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This quiz on Chapter 15: Urinary System covers key structures and functions within the urinary system, including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and processes like micturition. It assesses understanding of anatomy and physiological processes critical for medical and healthcare studies.

Chapter 15: Urinary System Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What are the structural and functional units of the kidneys involved in forming urine?

    • Calyces

    • Medullary pyramids

    • Nephrons

    • Renal columns

    • Renal pelvises

    Correct Answer
    A. Nephrons
    Explanation
    The nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidneys involved in forming urine. They are responsible for filtering waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons, which consist of a glomerulus, a network of tiny blood vessels, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters the blood, and the tubule reabsorbs necessary substances and excretes waste products. Together, the nephrons play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance and eliminating waste through urine.

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  • 3. 

    The ____________ is a muscular sac posterior to the pubic symphsis. 

    Correct Answer
    Bladder
    Explanation
    The bladder is a muscular sac located behind the pubic symphysis.

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  • 4. 

    The portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is called the glomerulus.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The glomerulus is actually the portion of the nephron that is closest to the renal corpuscle, not the collecting duct. The collecting duct is a different part of the nephron that comes after the glomerulus. Therefore, the statement that the portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is called the glomerulus is false.

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  • 5. 

    The ____________ are slender tubes running from each kidney to the bladder. 

    Correct Answer
    ureter
    Explanation
    The ureter is a slender tube that connects each kidney to the bladder. It is responsible for transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder for storage and eventual elimination.

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  • 6. 

    The notch on the medial surface of the kidney, through which the blood vessels enter and leave the kidney, is called the:

    • Calyx

    • Hilus

    • Renal pelvis

    • Renal cortex

    • Ureter

    Correct Answer
    A. Hilus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is hilus. The hilus is a notch on the medial surface of the kidney where the blood vessels, including the renal artery and renal vein, enter and leave the kidney. It is also the site where the ureter, which carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, exits the kidney. The hilus serves as a gateway for the blood vessels and ureter, allowing for the transport of blood and urine to and from the kidney.

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  • 7. 

    The action of emptying the urinary bladder is called _________.

    • Urination

    • Peristalsis

    • Eversion

    • Micturition

    • Urochrome

    Correct Answer
    A. Micturition
    Explanation
    Micturition refers to the process of emptying the urinary bladder. It is the physiological process that allows urine to be expelled from the body.

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  • 8. 

    The regulation of blood pH by the elimination of excess acids or alkaline substances from the body is accomplished by the:

    • Bicarbonate buffer system

    • Phosphate buffer system

    • Protein buffer system

    • Respiratory system

    • Renal mechanism

    Correct Answer
    A. Renal mechanism
    Explanation
    The renal mechanism refers to the regulation of blood pH through the elimination of excess acids or alkaline substances from the body. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the acid-base balance by selectively reabsorbing or excreting ions such as hydrogen and bicarbonate. This process helps to regulate the pH of the blood and maintain it within a narrow range. The other options, such as the bicarbonate buffer system, phosphate buffer system, protein buffer system, and respiratory system, also contribute to the regulation of blood pH, but the renal mechanism specifically refers to the role of the kidneys in this process.

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  • 9. 

    Which of the following substances enters the renal tubule by both filtration and secretion?

    • Amino acids

    • Creatine

    • Glucose

    • Urea

    • Water

    Correct Answer
    A. Creatine
    Explanation
    Creatine is the correct answer because it is both filtered and secreted by the renal tubule. Filtration is the process by which substances pass from the blood into the renal tubule, and secretion is the process by which substances are actively transported from the blood into the renal tubule. Creatine is a waste product that is filtered by the glomerulus and then actively secreted into the renal tubule. This allows the body to eliminate excess creatine from the bloodstream through urine.

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  • 10. 

    Each kidney has a medial ______________________, where in the renal ___________, renal _________, and the ____________ are seen.

    Correct Answer
    Indentation or Hilus
    artery
    vein
    ureter
    Explanation
    Each kidney has a medial indentation or hilus, where the renal artery, renal vein, and the ureter are seen. This indentation or hilus serves as the entry point for the blood vessels and ureter, allowing them to enter and exit the kidney. The renal artery brings oxygenated blood to the kidney, while the renal vein carries filtered blood away from the kidney. The ureter is responsible for transporting urine from the kidney to the bladder.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 21, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Izzy525
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