Macrolides
This is to help in understanding of macrolides. Hope it is helpful.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax), clarithromycin (Biaxin, Biaxin XL), erythromycin (Ery-Tab, E.E.S.) belong to what class antibiotics
- A.
Cephalosporins
- B.
Macrolides
- C.
Penicillins
- D.
Sulfanomides
- E.
Fluoroquinolones
Correct Answer
B. MacrolidesExplanation
Azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin belong to the class of antibiotics known as macrolides. Macrolides are a type of antibiotic that work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. They are commonly used to treat respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections. Macrolides are effective against a wide range of bacteria, including some that are resistant to other types of antibiotics. They are generally well-tolerated and have a low risk of causing allergic reactions.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is generic name for azithromycin
Correct Answer
zithromax, z-pak, zmaxExplanation
The generic name for azithromycin is zithromax, z-pak, and zmax. These are all different brand names for the same medication. Azithromycin is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria, allowing the body's immune system to fight off the infection. The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, while the brand names are the names given by different pharmaceutical companies that manufacture the drug.Rate this question:
- 3.
What is the generic name for clarithromycin?
Correct Answer
biaxin, biaxin XLExplanation
The generic name for clarithromycin is biaxin, biaxin XL.Rate this question:
- 4.
What is the generic name for erythromycin
Correct Answer
ery-tab, E.E.S.Explanation
The generic name for erythromycin is ery-tab, E.E.S.Rate this question:
- 5.
What is the generic name for zithromax, z-pak, and zmax
Correct Answer
Explanation
The generic name for Zithromax, Z-Pak, and Zmax is azithromycin.Rate this question:
- 6.
What is the generic name for biaxin, biaxin XL
Correct Answer
clarithromycinExplanation
The generic name for Biaxin and Biaxin XL is clarithromycin.Rate this question:
- 7.
What is the generic name for ery-tab, E.E.S
Correct Answer
erythromycinExplanation
The generic name for Ery-Tab and E.E.S is erythromycin. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that is used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria, thereby treating the infection. Ery-Tab and E.E.S are brand names for medications that contain erythromycin as their active ingredient. Therefore, erythromycin is the correct generic name for these medications.Rate this question:
- 8.
What is the mechanism of macrolides
Correct Answer
Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in blockage of RNA synthesis.Explanation
Macrolides are a class of antibiotics that work by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, which is a component of bacterial ribosomes. This binding prevents the synthesis of RNA, which is essential for bacterial protein production. As a result, the bacteria are unable to produce necessary proteins and their growth and reproduction are inhibited. This mechanism of action is what makes macrolides effective in treating bacterial infections.Rate this question:
- 9.
A notable difference in spectrum of activity is that clarithromycin (unlike clarithromycin) covers
Correct Answer
mycobacterium species and Helicobacter pyloriExplanation
Clarithromycin has a notable difference in its spectrum of activity compared to another unspecified drug. It covers mycobacterium species, which are bacteria that can cause diseases such as tuberculosis, and also covers Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that can cause stomach ulcers and other gastrointestinal conditions. This indicates that clarithromycin is effective against these specific bacteria, while the other drug may not have the same coverage.Rate this question:
- 10.
AZITHROMYCIN and CLARITHROMYCIN cover most
- A.
Staph -
- B.
Staph +
- C.
Strep -
- D.
Strep +
- E.
Atypcial pathogens (like chlmydia and mycoplasma)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Staph -
C. Strep -
E. Atypcial pathogens (like chlmydia and mycoplasma)Explanation
Azithromycin and clarithromycin are antibiotics that have broad-spectrum activity against various bacteria. They are effective in covering most staphylococci (staph -), streptococci (strep -), and atypical pathogens such as chlamydia and mycoplasma. This means that these antibiotics can effectively treat infections caused by these bacteria by inhibiting their growth or killing them.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Contraindications for using macrolides is
Correct Answer(s)
anaphylactic reaction tooany macrolideExplanation
The correct answer is anaphylactic reaction to any macrolide. This means that if a person has experienced a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to any type of macrolide antibiotic in the past, it is contraindicated for them to use any macrolide antibiotic in the future. Anaphylaxis is a serious and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling, and low blood pressure. Therefore, it is important to avoid using macrolides in individuals with a history of anaphylactic reactions to prevent any further complications.Rate this question:
- 12.
Precaution should be used during macrolides usage in
Correct Answer(s)
patients with hepatic impairment, pseudomembranous colitis is a rare but possible adverse effect.Explanation
Patients with hepatic impairment are at a higher risk of experiencing pseudomembranous colitis as an adverse effect when using macrolides. Pseudomembranous colitis is a rare but possible complication that can occur due to the disruption of the normal gut flora caused by macrolides. Therefore, it is important to exercise caution and closely monitor patients with hepatic impairment when prescribing macrolides to minimize the risk of this adverse effect.Rate this question:
- 13.
Adverse effects of macrolides are
- A.
Diarrhea, nausea
- B.
Cramping
- C.
Oral or vaginal candidiasis
- D.
Pseudomembranous colitis (rare)
- E.
QT prolongation (erythromycin - rare)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Diarrhea, nausea
B. Cramping
C. Oral or vaginal candidiasis
D. Pseudomembranous colitis (rare)
E. QT prolongation (erythromycin - rare)Explanation
Macrolides are a class of antibiotics that can cause various adverse effects. These include diarrhea, nausea, and cramping, which are common gastrointestinal side effects. Additionally, macrolides can lead to oral or vaginal candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast. Pseudomembranous colitis, although rare, is another potential adverse effect characterized by severe inflammation of the colon. Lastly, erythromycin, a specific macrolide, can rarely cause QT prolongation, which is a heart rhythm abnormality that can be serious.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What should be monitored while taking macrolides
Correct Answer(s)
white blood cell count and febrile status, baseline LIVER FUNCTION TESTS if hepatic impairment suspectedExplanation
While taking macrolides, it is important to monitor the white blood cell count and febrile status. This is because macrolides can sometimes cause a decrease in white blood cell count and can also cause fever as a side effect. Additionally, baseline liver function tests should be monitored if there is a suspicion of hepatic impairment, as macrolides can potentially affect liver function.Rate this question:
- 15.
What are the drug-drug interactions seen with macrolides
- A.
Warfarin: decreases effects of clarithromycin and erythromycin
- B.
Statins: increased atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin blood levels and side effects
- C.
Warfarin: clarithromycin/erythromycin may increase warfarin blood levels and PT/INR.
- D.
Aluminum/Magnesium Antacids: inceased azithromycin peak concentration.
- E.
Aluminum/Magnesium Antacids: decreased azithromycin peak concentration.
Correct Answer(s)
B. Statins: increased atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin blood levels and side effects
C. Warfarin: clarithromycin/erythromycin may increase warfarin blood levels and PT/INR.
E. Aluminum/Magnesium Antacids: decreased azithromycin peak concentration.Explanation
The correct answer is that statins can increase blood levels and side effects of atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin. Additionally, clarithromycin and erythromycin may increase warfarin blood levels and PT/INR. Lastly, aluminum/magnesium antacids can decrease azithromycin peak concentration.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is/are true
- A.
Immediate release azithromycin suspension: Zithromax® tablets and immediate release suspension may be interchanged. May be taken with or without food. Store at room termperature
- B.
Extended release azithromycin suspension (Zmax) is not bioequivalent with Zithromax and therefore should not be interchanged. Should be taken on an empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours following a meal). Store at room temperature and take within 12 hours of reconstitution.
- C.
Immediate release azithromycin suspension: Zithromax® tablets and immediate release suspension may NOT be interchanged.May be taken with or without food. Store in the refrigerator.
- D.
Extended release azithromycin suspension (Zmax) is not bioequivalent with Zithromax and therefore should not be interchanged. Should be taken with food (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours following a meal). Store at room temperature and take within 12 hours of reconstitution.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Immediate release azithromycin suspension: Zithromax® tablets and immediate release suspension may be interchanged. May be taken with or without food. Store at room termperature
B. Extended release azithromycin suspension (Zmax) is not bioequivalent with Zithromax and therefore should not be interchanged. Should be taken on an empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours following a meal). Store at room temperature and take within 12 hours of reconstitution.
D. Extended release azithromycin suspension (Zmax) is not bioequivalent with Zithromax and therefore should not be interchanged. Should be taken with food (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours following a meal). Store at room temperature and take within 12 hours of reconstitution.Explanation
The correct answer states that Zithromax tablets and immediate release azithromycin suspension can be interchanged, and they can be taken with or without food, and should be stored at room temperature. On the other hand, the extended release azithromycin suspension (Zmax) is not bioequivalent with Zithromax and should not be interchanged. It should be taken on an empty stomach and stored at room temperature. The answer also mentions that it should be taken within 12 hours of reconstitution.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 13, 2009Quiz Created by
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