Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

17 Questions | By Aliciaperkins | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 959

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1.

Whooping cough is a prolonged illness caused by toxins produced by ___________ bacteria.
2.

B. pertussis is a strictly human pathogen.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
3.

Whooping cough is most communicable at the __________ phase.
- A.
  
  Catarrhal
- B.
  
  Paroxysmal
- C.
  
  Convalescent
4.

Influenza ____ has the greatest virulence and epidemic spread.
- A.
  
  A
- B.
  
  B
- C.
  
  C
5.

Influenza A and B have ___ segments of negative-sense , single stranded RNA, while Influenza C has ___ segments.
- A.
  
  7,8
- B.
  
  8,9
- C.
  
  8,7
- D.
  
  7,9
6.

____________ has 15 recognized subtypes and is important for viral attachment.
- A.
  
  Neuraminidase
- B.
  
  Hemagglutinin
- C.
  
  Glycoprotein
- D.
  
  Cilia
7.

_________ is a "slower process" that may result in as little as a single mutation in the viral RNA, occuring every few years in influenza A.
- A.
  
  Antigenic shift
- B.
  
  Antigenic drift
- C.
  
  Bottleneck effect
8.

H1N1 receptors are predominantly found in the ___________ .
- A.
  
  Lower portion of the lung
- B.
  
  Upper portion of the respiratory tract
- C.
  
  Lower portion of the respiratory tract
- D.
  
  Upper portion of the lung
9.

The influenza virus causes no significant GI involvment.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
10.

The most common mode of transmission for influenza virus is ________________.
- A.
  
  Fecal-oral route
- B.
  
  Indirect airborne inhalation
- C.
  
  Direct droplet spread
- D.
  
  Direct physical contact
11.

Avian influenza viruses (H5N1) can retain infectivity for __________ outside the host.
- A.
  
  12-24hours
- B.
  
  A few days
- C.
  
  Several weeks
- D.
  
  Multiple years
12.

______________ is the most common way in which influenza may cause death.
- A.
  
  Underlying disease
- B.
  
  Superinfections
- C.
  
  Direct rapid progression
13.

MTB can produce large quantities of ___________, which is uncommon to other mycobacteria.
- A.
  
  Tuberculin
- B.
  
  Niacin
- C.
  
  Endotoxin
- D.
  
  Exotoxin
14.

______________ of tuberculin is used for skin testing of MTB exposure.
15.

Primary tuberculosis in which inhaled droplet nuclei are deposited in the peripheral respiratory alveoli, most frequently occurs in __________ lobe(s) of the lungs.
- A.
  
  Upper
- B.
  
  Upper and middle
- C.
  
  Middle and lower
- D.
  
  Lower
16.

The mixture of _________ and _________ responses manifests in a microscopic structure called a granuloma.
- A.
  
  Th1 immune, Th2 immune
- B.
  
  Th1 immune, DTH
- C.
  
  Th2 immune, DTH
- D.
  
  Th2 immune, cytotoxic
17.

________ and _________ are the leading causes of premature death in the world.
- A.
  
  Tuberculosis and malaria
- B.
  
  Leishmania and loa loa
- C.
  
  Tuberculosis and AIDS
- D.
  
  AIDS and malaria