Lecture Exam 1 Pt2
Lecture Exam review for nurs 151
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Where does the final formation of feces occur?
- A.
The small intestine
- B.
The Rectum
- C.
The Colon
- D.
The large intestine
Correct Answer
D. The large intestineExplanation
The final formation of feces occurs in the large intestine. This is where water is absorbed from the remaining undigested food, and the waste material is compacted into solid feces. The large intestine also houses bacteria that help break down any remaining nutrients and produce certain vitamins. The rectum is responsible for storing feces until it is eliminated from the body. The small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients from the digested food.Rate this question:
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- 2.
If it stays there longer it will become more
- A.
Liquid
- B.
Solid
Correct Answer
B. SolidExplanation
If something stays in a place for a longer period of time, it will undergo a process called solidification, where it transitions from a liquid state to a solid state. This means that the substance will become more solid over time.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Defecation is under voluntary or involuntary control
- A.
Voluntary
- B.
Involuntary
- C.
Both
- D.
Correct Answer
C. BothExplanation
Defecation is under both voluntary and involuntary control. The process of elimination of waste material from the body can be consciously controlled by the individual through voluntary muscle contractions. However, it is also regulated by involuntary reflexes in the body, such as the gastrocolic reflex, which triggers the urge to defecate. Therefore, defecation is a combination of voluntary and involuntary actions.Rate this question:
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- 4.
P: ConstipationE: ?
- A.
Decreased activity, low fiber diet, decreased fluid intake, opiate use
- B.
Increased activity, high fiber diet, increased fluid intake
Correct Answer
A. Decreased activity, low fiber diet, decreased fluid intake, opiate useExplanation
The given answer suggests that constipation can be caused by decreased activity, a low fiber diet, decreased fluid intake, and opiate use. These factors can contribute to a slower movement of stool through the digestive system, leading to difficulty in passing stool. Decreased activity can result in a sluggish digestive system, while a low fiber diet and decreased fluid intake can lead to harder and drier stool. Opiate use can also cause constipation by slowing down the movement of the intestines.Rate this question:
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- 5.
P: ConstipationS:?
- A.
Watery loose stool
- B.
Dry hard stools
Correct Answer
B. Dry hard stoolsExplanation
The given answer, "Dry hard stools," is the correct explanation for the symptom "Constipation." Constipation refers to difficulty in passing stools or infrequent bowel movements. Dry hard stools are a common characteristic of constipation, as the stool becomes hard and dry due to reduced water content and slower movement through the intestines. This can be caused by factors such as inadequate fiber intake, dehydration, lack of physical activity, or certain medications.Rate this question:
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- 6.
P:?E: stress, long-term use of antibiotics, bacterial infection in the intestinal tractS:c/o abdominal cramps with frequent watery stools, hyperactive bowel sounds
- A.
Constipation
- B.
Diarrhea
Correct Answer
B. DiarrheaExplanation
The patient presents with symptoms such as abdominal cramps, frequent watery stools, and hyperactive bowel sounds, which are indicative of diarrhea. These symptoms are commonly associated with factors such as stress, long-term use of antibiotics, and bacterial infection in the intestinal tract. Therefore, the correct answer is diarrhea.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which is a sign/symptom of a paralytic ileus?
- A.
No bowel sounds upon auscultation
- B.
Hyperactive bowel sounds upon auscultation
- C.
Loose stools
- D.
Frequent bowel movements
Correct Answer
A. No bowel sounds upon auscultationExplanation
A paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the inability of the intestines to contract and move the food through the digestive system. The lack of bowel sounds upon auscultation is a classic sign of a paralytic ileus. Normally, the intestines produce sounds as a result of the movement of food and gas. However, in a paralytic ileus, the intestines are not functioning properly, leading to the absence of these sounds. This can be an indication of a serious bowel obstruction or paralysis of the intestines.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Dilated veins in the rectum or at the anus are called
- A.
Polyps
- B.
Hemorrhoids
Correct Answer
B. HemorrhoidsExplanation
Dilated veins in the rectum or at the anus are called hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids occur when the veins in the lower rectum or anus become swollen and inflamed, causing discomfort and sometimes bleeding. They can be internal or external and are often caused by increased pressure in the rectal area, such as straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, or prolonged sitting. Hemorrhoids are a common condition and can usually be managed with lifestyle changes, over-the-counter creams, and in some cases, medical procedures.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Are they internal or external
- A.
Internal
- B.
External
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
C. BothExplanation
The given correct answer is "both." This suggests that the subject being referred to can be classified as both internal and external. Without further context, it is difficult to determine the specific subject being discussed. However, this answer implies that there are characteristics or aspects of the subject that can be categorized as internal and others that can be categorized as external.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What causes them?
- A.
Increased pressure to the area
- B.
Decreased pressure to the area
Correct Answer
A. Increased pressure to the areaExplanation
Increased pressure to the area can cause them.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is an extension of constipation. The stool has become too large to pass. The lower sigmoid and or rectum dilate as the collection of fecal matter gets bigger.
- A.
Intestinal distention
- B.
Fecal impactation
Correct Answer
B. Fecal impactationExplanation
Fecal impaction is an extension of constipation where the stool becomes too large to pass. This causes the lower sigmoid and/or rectum to dilate as the collection of fecal matter gets bigger. Fecal impaction refers to the hardening and compacting of stool in the rectum and colon, leading to a blockage that prevents normal bowel movements.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which question would take priority when collecting a bowel eliminatin history for a new pt with a Dx of possible bowel obstruction?
- A.
When was the last time you moved your bowels?
- B.
What color are you usual BMs?
- C.
How often do you have a BM?
Correct Answer
A. When was the last time you moved your bowels?Explanation
When collecting a bowel elimination history for a new patient with a possible bowel obstruction, the question about the last time the patient moved their bowels takes priority because it provides crucial information about the current status of bowel movements. It helps determine if there has been a recent bowel movement or if there is a potential obstruction causing a lack of bowel movement. This information is important for further evaluation and diagnosis of the patient's condition.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the primary determinant of Diarrhea?
- A.
Consistency
- B.
Frequency
Correct Answer
A. ConsistencyExplanation
The primary determinant of diarrhea is consistency. Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools, which is a result of increased fluid content in the feces. The consistency of the stool is a key factor in diagnosing and determining the severity of diarrhea. Changes in consistency can be indicative of various causes such as infections, food intolerances, or underlying medical conditions. Monitoring the consistency of stools is crucial in assessing and managing diarrhea effectively.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which factor could influence the occurrence of diarrhea and constipation?
- A.
Increased metabolic rate
- B.
Side effects from medications
- C.
Inability to perceive bowel cues
- D.
Decreased metabolic rate
Correct Answer
B. Side effects from medicationsExplanation
Side effects from medications can influence the occurrence of diarrhea and constipation. Certain medications, such as antibiotics, antacids, and opioids, can disrupt the normal functioning of the digestive system and lead to these symptoms. Antibiotics can disturb the balance of bacteria in the gut, causing diarrhea, while opioids can slow down bowel movements and cause constipation. Therefore, the side effects of medications can play a significant role in the development of diarrhea and constipation.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which additional Nursing Dx would be of most concern for a pt with the Nursing Dx Diarrhea?
- A.
Functional incontinence
- B.
Risk for deficient fluid volume
- C.
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Correct Answer
B. Risk for deficient fluid volumeExplanation
A patient with the nursing diagnosis of diarrhea is at risk for deficient fluid volume because diarrhea can lead to excessive fluid loss from the body. Diarrhea causes frequent loose or watery stools, which can result in dehydration if the lost fluids are not adequately replaced. Therefore, monitoring the patient's fluid intake and output, as well as assessing for signs of dehydration, is crucial in managing the patient's condition and preventing further complications.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A nursing concern most commonly associated with prolonged diarrhea is
- A.
Pts decrease in self-care
- B.
Pts disturbed body-image
- C.
Pts risk for impaired skin condition
Correct Answer
C. Pts risk for impaired skin conditionExplanation
Prolonged diarrhea can lead to frequent bowel movements and increased moisture in the perineal area, which can cause skin breakdown and irritation. This can result in impaired skin condition, such as redness, rash, or even pressure ulcers. Therefore, patients with prolonged diarrhea are at risk for impaired skin condition.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which is the most appropriate outcome for a hospitalized pt with the Nursing Dx diarrhea? The pt will
- A.
Have formed stools
- B.
Take immodium after every BM
- C.
Drink a large amount of water daily
Correct Answer
A. Have formed stoolsExplanation
The most appropriate outcome for a hospitalized patient with the nursing diagnosis of diarrhea is to have formed stools. This indicates that the patient's bowel movements have returned to a normal consistency, which is a positive sign of improvement. Having formed stools suggests that the underlying cause of the diarrhea has been resolved or effectively managed. It is important for the patient to continue monitoring their bowel movements and report any changes to their healthcare provider.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What are some physiologic causes for Bowel Incontinence
- A.
Paralysis
- B.
Poor sphincter control
- C.
All the above
Correct Answer
C. All the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all the above" because both paralysis and poor sphincter control can be physiologic causes for bowel incontinence. Paralysis can disrupt the normal functioning of the muscles involved in bowel control, while poor sphincter control can lead to the inability to properly hold in stool. Therefore, both conditions can contribute to bowel incontinence.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which person would be at the highest risk for bowel incontinence? A person who is
- A.
Ninety years old
- B.
Receiving multiple antibiotics
- C.
Disoriented to time, place and person
Correct Answer
C. Disoriented to time, place and personExplanation
A person who is disoriented to time, place, and person would be at the highest risk for bowel incontinence. Disorientation is often associated with cognitive impairment or dementia, which can affect a person's ability to recognize and respond to the body's signals for bowel movements. This can lead to accidents and loss of bowel control. While age and receiving multiple antibiotics may also contribute to bowel incontinence, disorientation is a more significant risk factor as it directly affects the person's cognitive functioning and ability to manage their bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What would be the expected color of stool for a pt admitted with a Dx of UGI bleed?
- A.
Red
- B.
Black
- C.
Brown
- D.
Green
Correct Answer
B. BlackExplanation
The expected color of stool for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of UGI (upper gastrointestinal) bleed would be black. This is because when there is bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the blood gets digested and turns black as it passes through the digestive system. This black color is known as melena and is a characteristic sign of UGI bleeding. It occurs due to the breakdown of hemoglobin in the blood. Therefore, black stool is expected in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What symptoms sign would indicate that the pt is experiencing LGI bleeding
- A.
Tarry colored stool
- B.
Green muccoid stool
- C.
Bright red tinged stool
- D.
Brown
Correct Answer
C. Bright red tinged stoolExplanation
Bright red tinged stool is a symptom that would indicate that the patient is experiencing lower gastrointestinal (LGI) bleeding. This is because the bright red color indicates that the blood is fresh and has not had time to be digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract. LGI bleeding typically occurs in the colon or rectum, and the blood mixes with the stool, causing it to appear bright red. Tarry colored stool, green muccoid stool, and brown stool are not indicative of LGI bleeding.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which is detected in a guaiac test of stool
- A.
Bile
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Occult blood
- D.
Virus
Correct Answer
C. Occult bloodExplanation
The correct answer is occult blood. A guaiac test of stool is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of hidden or occult blood in the stool. Occult blood refers to blood that is not visible to the naked eye but can be detected through chemical reactions. This test is commonly used to screen for gastrointestinal bleeding and can help identify conditions such as colorectal cancer, ulcers, or polyps. Bile, bacteria, and viruses are not typically detected in a guaiac test of stool.Rate this question:
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Mar 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 05, 2008Quiz Created by
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