January 1999 Board Examination

Interior design belongs to specialized allied services in an architect's professional services. This means that interior design is a specific area of expertise within the broader field of architecture. It involves the design and planning of the interior spaces of a building, including the selection of materials, furniture, and decorative elements. While architects may have knowledge and skills in interior design, it is considered a specialized service that may be provided by interior designers who work closely with architects.

In the architect's specialized services, they conduct bids/negotiations with furniture fabricators/suppliers under the interior design services. This involves selecting and procuring furniture from various fabricators and suppliers to meet the design requirements of the project. The architect works closely with these vendors to ensure that the furniture selected aligns with the overall design concept and meets the client's needs.

Architects sign and seal as-built architectural plans, which are necessary for obtaining a certificate of occupancy. This is because architects are responsible for designing and overseeing the construction of buildings, ensuring that they meet safety and building code requirements. As-built plans document any changes made during construction and provide an accurate representation of the completed project. By signing and sealing these plans, architects certify their accuracy and take responsibility for the design and construction of the building.

The architect's fee for professional services typically covers various aspects of the design and construction process. This includes structural services, electrical services, and sanitary/mechanical engineering services. These are all essential components that the architect is responsible for coordinating and incorporating into the overall design. However, surveys/soil exploration are not typically included in the architect's fee. These services involve assessing the site conditions and determining the suitability of the soil for construction, which is usually carried out by specialized consultants or engineers. Therefore, surveys/soil exploration are not part of the architect's scope of work and are not included in their fee.

The architect is expected to present examples of professional experience to showcase their expertise and capabilities to the client. They should also explain the conditions of project cost estimates to ensure transparency and avoid any misunderstandings regarding the financial aspects of the project. Additionally, the architect needs to ascertain the exact nature/scope of services and professional fees to establish clear expectations and avoid any disputes or confusion in the future. Therefore, all the listed items are expected responsibilities of the architect towards their client.

The architect's fee for professional services typically includes various aspects of the design and construction process. This includes electrical services, structural services, and sanitary/mechanical engineering services. However, surveys/soil exploration are not typically included in the architect's fee. Surveys and soil exploration are separate services that are often carried out by specialized professionals such as surveyors or geotechnical engineers. These services involve assessing the site conditions and soil characteristics, which are important for determining the feasibility and design considerations of a project.

BP 344 is the correct answer because it is the legal mandate that provides for the installation/incorporation of architectural/structural features in buildings, streets, and highways to enhance the mobility of disabled persons. PD 229, PD 344, and BP 433 are not relevant to this specific mandate.

Under PD 1096, in order to obtain a building permit, all the listed items must be complied with. This means that the applicant must meet the standards and requirements for structural design, zoning/land use, and line and grade. Each of these factors is important in ensuring that the building is safe, complies with regulations, and is appropriately located within the designated land use area. Therefore, all of these items must be addressed and fulfilled to obtain a building permit.

Scale is the correct answer because it refers to the art principle that shows the relationships of architectural elements and is usually derived from the human body or its spare parts as the basis of a measurement system. Scale in art and architecture involves the proportional relationships between different elements and their sizes in relation to the human body. It helps create a sense of harmony and proportion in architectural design.

When selecting colors that are affected by light, it is important to consider all listed items. This means taking into account the functions of the room, the lighting arrangements, and the location. The functions of the room will determine the mood and atmosphere that is desired, while the lighting arrangements will affect how the colors appear under different lighting conditions. The location can also play a role in color selection, as different regions may have different lighting conditions. Therefore, considering all these factors is crucial in making the right color selection.

All of the listed items are important considerations in site planning. The attractiveness of the landscape is important because it can enhance the overall aesthetics and appeal of the site. The usability of space is crucial as it ensures that the site is functional and can meet the needs of its users. Economies in the provision of utilities are important to ensure efficient use of resources and cost-effectiveness in the long run. Therefore, considering all of these factors is essential for effective site planning.

PD 1096 regulates and controls all the listed items, including the design, quality of materials, and construction standards/requirements for buildings/structures. This means that PD 1096 sets guidelines and regulations for the design process, specifies the quality of materials to be used, and oversees the construction process to ensure compliance with the standards and requirements.

Landscape design falls under the category of specialized allied services in the architect's range of services. This means that it is a specific and separate service that architects can offer in addition to their main design and construction services. Specialized allied services typically involve collaborating with other professionals or experts in specific fields to provide comprehensive design solutions for clients. Therefore, landscape design is considered a specialized allied service within the architect's range of services.

All listed items, including over-crowding, migration, and new family formation, are important population characteristics in determining housing need. Over-crowding indicates a lack of sufficient housing, migration can lead to an increase in population and therefore a greater demand for housing, and new family formation suggests a need for additional housing units. Considering all these factors together helps to accurately assess the housing needs of a population.

Large public parks give a positive view because they provide open green spaces for people to enjoy, relax, and engage in recreational activities. They contribute to the overall well-being of individuals by offering a peaceful and natural environment, promoting physical exercise, and fostering social interactions. Public parks also enhance the aesthetics of an area, adding beauty and tranquility to the surroundings.

Under the owner-architect agreement, the owner is responsible for the cost of all listed items, including the design of movable closets/cabinets, landscaping, and taxes on services (except income tax). This means that the owner will have to pay for these expenses as part of the agreement with the architect.

PD 1096 regulates and controls all the listed items, which include the use, maintenance, and occupancy standards/requirements for buildings and structures. This means that PD 1096 sets guidelines and regulations for the purpose and function of buildings, as well as their ongoing maintenance and the rules for their occupancy.

Post-construction evaluation falls under the services provided by the architect. This evaluation is conducted after the completion of the construction project to assess its performance, identify any issues or deficiencies, and ensure that the project meets the desired standards and objectives. It helps in identifying areas of improvement and providing feedback for future projects.

The correct answer is all listed items. In the architect's range of services, specialized allied services include acoustics, physical planning, and landscape design. These services are additional areas of expertise that architects can offer to enhance the overall design and functionality of a project. Acoustics focuses on sound control and optimization within a space, physical planning involves the organization and layout of the built environment, and landscape design involves the planning and design of outdoor spaces. By offering these specialized services, architects can provide comprehensive solutions to meet the specific needs of their clients.

The multiplier in multiple direct personnel expenses is determined by all the listed items, including the architect's experience, the complexity of the project, and the office set-up. These factors play a role in determining the overall cost of personnel expenses and can vary depending on the specific project requirements and the level of expertise needed.

A cupola is a term used to describe a spherical roof that is placed like an "inverted cup" over a circular, square, or rectangular apartment. It is a common architectural feature that adds aesthetic appeal to buildings and provides natural light and ventilation. The term "cupola" accurately describes the shape and function of this type of roof.

PD 1185 is the correct answer because it is the legal mandate that created the Fire Code of the Philippines. The Fire Code of the Philippines is a comprehensive set of regulations and standards that aim to prevent and mitigate fire incidents in the country. PD 1185 was issued in 1977 and provides guidelines for fire prevention, suppression, and safety measures in buildings, structures, and premises. It establishes the roles and responsibilities of individuals and organizations in ensuring fire safety and outlines the procedures for fire prevention inspections, fire drills, and emergency response.

Good site planning involves maximizing land use and space, ensuring efficient circulation within the site, and selecting the best orientation for buildings. These factors contribute to the overall functionality and effectiveness of the site, allowing for optimal use of resources and creating a well-organized and accessible environment. Social disorganization is not a factor that indicates good site planning. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 2, 3.

The correct answer is "all listed items". This means that future housing need includes all of the listed items, which are housing backlog, housing to be replaced, and housing for new family/household formation. This suggests that there is a demand for housing in various aspects, including addressing the backlog, replacing existing housing, and accommodating new families or households.

Errors found in plans and specifications can be a valid reason for non-issuance of a building permit because accurate and detailed plans and specifications are essential for ensuring the safety and compliance of the proposed construction project. Errors in these documents can lead to potential hazards or violations of building codes and regulations. Therefore, it is necessary to rectify any errors before a building permit can be issued.

The critical path method is a project management tool used by architects to identify the most critical set of activities and compute critical path schedules for implementation. This method helps determine the sequence of tasks that must be completed in order to complete the project on time. By analyzing the critical path, architects can identify activities that have no flexibility in their scheduling and must be completed on time to avoid delays in the overall project. The critical path method is essential for effective project planning and scheduling in architecture.

Bauhaus is considered the first modern architecture school in the world because it revolutionized architectural education and practice. Founded in 1919 in Germany, Bauhaus emphasized the integration of art, craftsmanship, and technology. It rejected traditional architectural styles and focused on functional design, simplicity, and the use of new materials and techniques. Bauhaus had a significant impact on modern architecture, influencing the development of the International Style and the design principles still used today.

The Architect has a responsibility to consider the needs and aesthetic and functional requirements of the client. This means that the Architect should prioritize the client's desires and preferences, while also ensuring that the design meets the necessary functionality and aesthetics. The Architect should work closely with the client to understand their vision and requirements, and then incorporate them into the design process. This ensures that the final design reflects the client's needs and expectations.

The correct answer is olfactory. Olfactory refers to the sense of smell. This means that the placement of rooms can be affected by the need to limit unpleasant odors. For example, rooms that produce strong odors like kitchens or bathrooms may be placed away from living areas to prevent the spread of unpleasant smells.

Greek architecture is known for its significant contributions to architectural mouldings such as cyma recka, cyma reversa, ovolo, and more. The Greeks developed a sophisticated understanding of architectural ornamentation and used these mouldings to enhance the aesthetics and structural integrity of their buildings. These mouldings became an integral part of Greek architectural style and were later adopted and adapted by other cultures and architectural traditions. Therefore, the correct answer is Greek.

The correct answer is 1.22. According to the Fire Code, the maximum width of a single door in a doorway is 1.22 meters.

The most sacred part of a church or temple is the sanctuary. It is a holy or consecrated place where religious rituals and ceremonies are performed. The sanctuary is typically located at the front of the church or temple and is considered the holiest area where the altar is placed. It is a symbol of divine presence and is often reserved for clergy and other religious officials.

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Building/equipment maintenance falls under the post construction services in the architect's range of services. After the construction of a building or installation of equipment, maintenance is required to ensure its proper functioning and longevity. This includes regular inspections, repairs, and upkeep of the building and its equipment. Post construction services encompass all activities that are carried out after the completion of the construction process.

Radiocentric urban form refers to a city layout that is organized around a central point, typically in the shape of a large circle. From this central point, there are radial corridors that extend outwards, with intense development occurring along these corridors. This type of urban form is commonly found in many cities, as it allows for efficient transportation and easy access to the central area.

University of Santo Tomas is the second oldest institute of higher education in the Philippines. It is known for its ancient Spanish architecture, which adds to its historical significance. The university has a rich history and has played a significant role in the development of education in the country.

Renovation refers to the process of making physical changes to an existing building or structure in order to increase its value, utility, and/or improve its aesthetic quality. This can involve various improvements such as upgrading fixtures, replacing outdated components, or redesigning the layout. Unlike repair, which focuses on fixing specific issues or damages, renovation aims to enhance the overall condition and appearance of the building. Therefore, renovation is the correct answer in this context.

The concept of housing can be illustrated by all the listed items. Housing can refer to consumer products such as houses or apartments that people live in. It can also include the institutions and organizations that are involved in providing housing, such as real estate agencies or property management companies. Additionally, housing can be seen as a social and economic process, as it involves the buying, selling, and renting of properties, as well as the impact it has on individuals and communities.

The correct answer is "none of the listed items". This means that under the architect's design-build services, none of the conditions mentioned in the options should be observed. This suggests that the architect's design-build services do not involve paying permits/licenses, appointing personnel/other support staff, or deducting personnel costs from the architect's fee.

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Real property evaluation does not constitute the post-construction services of the architect. Post-construction services typically involve activities such as post-construction evaluation to assess the performance of the project, building/equipment maintenance to ensure proper functioning and upkeep, and building/ground administration to manage and oversee the operations of the building and its surroundings. Real property evaluation, on the other hand, typically refers to the assessment of the value or condition of a property for purposes such as sale, purchase, or insurance, and is not directly related to the architect's post-construction responsibilities.

This answer is correct because being able to calculate the cost of materials and labor quickly and accurately is important for estimating the overall cost of a project. This information is crucial for budgeting and making informed decisions about the feasibility of the project.

In the architect's post-construction services, the architect evaluates the plan's functional and construction design effectiveness through post-construction evaluation. This involves assessing how well the design plan has been implemented and whether it meets the intended goals in terms of functionality and construction. This evaluation helps identify any areas that may need improvement or adjustments for future projects.

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Giacomo da Vignola is the author of the compilation of "The Five Orders of Architecture."

PRE-DESIGN services in an architect's range of services refer to the activities that take place before the actual design process begins. Economic feasibility studies are conducted during this phase to determine the financial viability of a project. These studies assess the potential costs and benefits of the project, helping the architect and client make informed decisions about whether to proceed with the design and construction. Therefore, economic feasibility studies are a part of the pre-design services offered by architects.

In the architect's design-build services on a guaranteed maximum cost, none of the listed conditions should be observed. This means that the savings on project cost should not go to the client only, nor should it go to the architect only. Additionally, there should not be a specific percentage of the project cost designated as the architect's fee.

Centralization refers to the clustering of certain specialized institutions, activities, or facilities in urban areas. This process occurs when specific functions or services are concentrated in a particular location, leading to the development of specialized areas within the city. Centralization can be observed in the clustering of financial institutions in a financial district or the concentration of educational institutions in a university district. This phenomenon contributes to the spatial organization and land use patterning of urban areas.

Thai architecture is known for its intricate and elaborate designs, with a focus on intricate details and decorations. It is characterized by its use of ornate carvings, intricate patterns, and vibrant colors. Thai architects pay attention to every aspect of a structure, ensuring that no facet is left unadorned. This attention to detail and rich design aesthetic is what sets Thai architecture apart and makes it a correct answer to the question.