INFLammation And Repair Quiz: MCQ Trivia!

Granulomatous reactions are characterized by the accumulation of macrophages and T-lymphocytes at the site of injury, resulting in the formation of nodules. These nodules are composed of immune cells that are involved in the immune response against certain pathogens or foreign substances. The presence of macrophages and T-lymphocytes in granulomas suggests an ongoing immune response and inflammation at the site of injury. Therefore, the statement that granulomatous reactions are mediated by macrophages and T-lymphocytes that accumulate at the site of injury, forming nodules, is true.

Granulomas are immune system responses that form when the body is unable to eliminate harmful substances, such as bacteria or foreign objects. These structures are made up of immune cells and can cause tissue damage as they attempt to contain and eliminate the threat. Granulomas are known to persist for a long time, as they are often unable to completely eliminate the underlying cause. Therefore, the statement that granulomas destroy tissue and tend to persist for a long time is true.

Granulomatous inflammation is a type of inflammation where epithelioid cells fuse together to form multi-nucleated giant cells on the rim of the granulomas. This type of inflammation is characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are small nodular structures consisting of immune cells such as macrophages. These giant cells are typically found in response to persistent infections or foreign bodies that the body is unable to eliminate. They help to contain the infectious agent or foreign material and prevent its spread.

Tuberculosis is classified as a granulomatous disease because it is characterized by the formation of granulomas in the affected tissues. Granulomas are small nodules that form as a result of the immune system's response to the presence of certain pathogens, such as the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Similarly, certain fungal diseases can also lead to the formation of granulomas in the body. Therefore, the statement that tuberculosis is a granulomatous disease, as are certain fungal diseases, is true.

The multinucleated cells seen in the CT guided lung biopsy are most likely derived from macrophages. Macrophages are immune cells that play a key role in the body's defense against infections. In the context of AIDS, where the immune system is compromised, macrophages may become activated and accumulate in the lungs in response to infection. The presence of bilateral nodularities in the lungs suggests a systemic infection, which is commonly seen in AIDS patients. Therefore, it is likely that the multinucleated cells seen in the biopsy are macrophages responding to the infection.

Granulomatous inflammation is a special form of chronic inflammation that typically does not have an acute, PMN-mediated inflammation preceding it. It is characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are collections of immune cells, such as macrophages and lymphocytes, that form in response to persistent or indigestible substances. These granulomas can be seen in various diseases, such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and Crohn's disease.

Macrophages are motile and phagocytic, epithelioid cells are immobile and produce secretory products that act as mediators of inflammation.

Granulomatous inflammation refers to a specific type of chronic inflammation characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are collections of immune cells. Tuberculosis (TB), syphilis, and leprosy are all examples of diseases that can cause granulomatous inflammation. In these diseases, the immune system forms granulomas in response to the presence of the causative organisms. Granulomas help to contain the infection and prevent its spread, but they can also lead to tissue damage and scarring. Therefore, TB, syphilis, and leprosy are appropriate examples of granulomatous inflammation.

In the healing of an excised wound, more granulation tissue is required. Granulation tissue is formed during the proliferative phase of wound healing and is composed of new blood vessels, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix. It fills in the wound bed and provides a scaffold for the formation of new tissue. In excised wounds, there is typically a larger area of tissue loss, which requires more granulation tissue to be formed in order to fill the wound and promote healing. Additionally, the presence of granulation tissue helps to protect the wound from infection and facilitates the remodeling phase of healing.

In an excised wound, the edges of the wound are completely removed, leaving a clean surgical incision. This type of wound requires more wound contraction because there is a larger gap between the edges of the wound that needs to be closed. Wound contraction is the process by which the edges of the wound come together and close, reducing the size of the wound. In contrast, an incised wound is a clean, straight cut that typically does not require as much wound contraction because the edges of the wound are already close together. Therefore, the correct answer is excised wound.

Blood vessel lumen formation is the fourth step in angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. The first step is the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, followed by their migration and chemotaxis. The next step is the proteolysis of the extracellular matrix, which allows the endothelial cells to create a path for the new blood vessel. Finally, blood vessel lumen formation occurs, where the endothelial cells organize themselves into a tube-like structure to form the lumen of the blood vessel.

Tuberculoma is not a type of purulent inflammation. It is a granulomatous lesion caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While purulent inflammation is characterized by the presence of pus, tuberculoma is a distinct form of inflammation associated with tuberculosis infection. Therefore, the statement is false.

A dermoid cyst is a benign tumor that typically contains a variety of cell types, such as skin cells, hair follicles, and sweat glands. It is formed during embryonic development and is usually present at birth. While a dermoid cyst can cause discomfort and may need to be surgically removed, it does not directly affect wound healing. On the other hand, wound rupture, epidermoid cysts, incisional hernias, and malignant changes can all complicate wound healing by causing infection, delayed closure, or other complications.