Exam: Human Growth And Development Quiz
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Trust verus mistrust is
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An Adlerian notion of morality.
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Erik Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development.
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Essentially equivalent to Piaget's concept of egocentrism.
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The basis of morality according to Kohlberg.
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Do you know and understand the journey of growth and development? Could you pass this quiz? Human growth and development identify certain developmental concepts in psychology and provides you with knowledge of the fundamental dynamics, which underlie human behavior at various stages in the life span. You will have the opportunity to study human development from birth to childhood. Take See morethis quiz and discover further about the study of human growth and development.
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- 2.
Kohlberg's three levels of morality are
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Preconventional, conventional, postconventional.
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Formal, preformal, self-accepted.
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Self-accepted, other directed, authority directed.
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Preconventional, formal, authority directed.
Correct Answer
A. Preconventional, conventional, postconventional.Explanation
Kohlberg's three levels of morality are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. In the preconventional level, individuals make moral decisions based on self-interest and avoiding punishment. In the conventional level, individuals conform to societal norms and seek approval from others. In the postconventional level, individuals develop their own moral principles and make decisions based on ethical principles and values, even if they conflict with societal norms. This progression reflects the development of moral reasoning and the ability to consider different perspectives and make more complex moral judgments.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Equilibration is
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A term which emphasizes the equality between the sexes
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Performed via the id according to the Freudians
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A synonym for concrete operational thought
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The balance between what one takes in (assimilation) and that which changed (accommodation )
Correct Answer
A. The balance between what one takes in (assimilation) and that which changed (accommodation )Explanation
Equilibration refers to the process of achieving a balance between assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is the process of incorporating new information or experiences into existing mental frameworks, while accommodation involves modifying existing mental frameworks to fit new information or experiences. Equilibration, therefore, represents the dynamic interplay between these two processes, as individuals strive to maintain a balance between what they already know and what they encounter in their environment. This concept is central to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, highlighting the importance of both assimilation and accommodation in the construction of knowledge and understanding.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Freud's stages are psychosexual while Eriksson's stages are
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Psychometric
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Psychodiagnostic
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Psychopharmacological
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Psychosocial
Correct Answer
A. PsychosocialExplanation
Freud's stages of development are psychosexual, meaning they focus on the development of sexual instincts and desires. On the other hand, Erikson's stages of development are psychosocial, which means they emphasize the interaction between an individual's psychological development and the social environment. Erikson's stages encompass a broader range of experiences and challenges, including the development of identity, relationships, and a sense of purpose. Therefore, the correct answer is psychosocial.Rate this question:
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- 5.
____________ factors cause Down syndrome, which produces mental retardation.
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Environment
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Genetic
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Chemical Dependence
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Unconscious
Correct Answer
A. GeneticExplanation
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material affects the development of the brain and body, leading to intellectual disability and other characteristic features associated with the condition. While environmental factors and chemical dependence can have an impact on overall health and development, they do not directly cause Down syndrome. Therefore, the correct answer is genetic.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Jean Piaget's theory has four stages. The correct order from stage 1 to stage 4 is
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Formal operations, concrete operations, preoperations, sensorimotor
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Formal operatoins, preoperations, concrete operations, sensorimotor
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Sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
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Concrete operations, sensorimotor, preoperations, formal operations
Correct Answer
A. Sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operationsExplanation
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development proposes that children progress through four stages of cognitive development in a fixed order. The correct order of these stages is sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations. In the sensorimotor stage, which occurs from birth to around 2 years old, infants learn about the world through their senses and motor actions. The preoperations stage, from around 2 to 7 years old, is characterized by egocentric thinking and the development of symbolic representation. Concrete operations, from around 7 to 11 years old, involve the ability to think logically about concrete objects and events. Finally, formal operations, from around 11 years old and beyond, is marked by the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Maslow, a humanistic psychologist, is famous for his "hierarchy of needs," which postulates
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Lower-order physiological and safety needs and higher order needs such as self-actualization.
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That psychopathology rests within the id
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That unconscious drives control self-actualization.
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That stimulus-response psychology dictates behavioral attributes.
Correct Answer
A. Lower-order physiological and safety needs and higher order needs such as self-actualization.Explanation
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory that suggests that individuals have different levels of needs, and these needs must be met in a specific order. The lower-order physiological and safety needs refer to basic needs such as food, water, shelter, and security. These needs must be fulfilled before higher order needs such as self-actualization can be pursued. Self-actualization refers to the realization of one's full potential and personal growth. Therefore, the correct answer states that according to Maslow, individuals have lower-order needs that must be met before they can strive for self-actualization.Rate this question:
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- 8.
An expert who has reviewed the literature on TV and violence would conclude that
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Watching violence tends to make children more aggressive.
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Watching violence tends to make children less aggressive.
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In reality has no impact on a child's behavior.
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What adults see as violent, children perceive as caring.
Correct Answer
A. Watching violence tends to make children more aggressive.Explanation
An expert who has reviewed the literature on TV and violence would conclude that watching violence tends to make children more aggressive. This conclusion is based on the understanding that exposure to violent content can desensitize children to aggression, normalize aggressive behavior, and increase the likelihood of imitating violent actions. Numerous studies have shown a positive correlation between viewing violence and aggressive behavior in children, supporting this conclusion.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In Harry Harlow's experiments with baby monkeys
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A wire mother was favored by most young monkeys over a terry cloth version.
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The baby monkey was more likely to cling to terry cloth mother surrogate than a wire surrogate mother.
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Female monkeys had a tendency to drink large quantities of alcohol.
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Male monkeys had a tendency to drink large quantities of alcohol.
Correct Answer
A. The baby monkey was more likely to cling to terry cloth mother surrogate than a wire surrogate mother.Explanation
In Harry Harlow's experiments with baby monkeys, it was found that the baby monkeys were more likely to cling to a terry cloth mother surrogate than a wire surrogate mother. This suggests that the baby monkeys preferred the comfort and warmth provided by the terry cloth mother over the cold and rigid wire mother. This experiment demonstrated the importance of contact comfort and the emotional bond between infants and their caregivers.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The only psychoanalyst who created a development theory which encompasses the entire life span was
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Erik Erikson
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Milton H Erikson
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A.A. Brill
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Jean Piaget
Correct Answer
A. Erik EriksonExplanation
Erik Erikson is the correct answer because he is the only psychoanalyst who developed a theory that covers the entire lifespan. His theory of psychosocial development consists of eight stages, each representing a different age range and a specific psychosocial conflict that individuals must resolve in order to develop successfully. This theory emphasizes the importance of social and cultural factors in shaping human development and has had a significant impact on the field of psychology.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In girls the Oedipus complex may be referred to as
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Systematic desensitization.
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Covert desensitization.
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In vivo desensitization.
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The Electra complex.
Correct Answer
A. The Electra complex.Explanation
The Oedipus complex is a psychoanalytic theory proposed by Sigmund Freud, which suggests that during the phallic stage of development, young boys experience unconscious sexual desires for their mothers and have hostile feelings towards their fathers. In girls, a similar concept called the Electra complex is proposed, where girls develop unconscious sexual desires for their fathers and have hostile feelings towards their mothers. Therefore, the correct answer is the Electra complex.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested
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A single level of morality.
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Two levels of morality.
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Three levels of morality.
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Preoperational thought as the basis for all morality.
Correct Answer
A. Three levels of morality.Explanation
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested that there are three levels of morality. These levels are based on the development of moral reasoning in individuals. The first level is the pre-conventional level, where moral judgments are based on self-interest and avoiding punishment. The second level is the conventional level, where moral judgments are based on societal norms and expectations. The third level is the post-conventional level, where moral judgments are based on personal principles and a sense of justice. Kohlberg's theory suggests that individuals progress through these levels as they mature and develop their moral reasoning abilities.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The Eriksonian stage that focuses heavily on sharing your life with another person is
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Actually the major theme in all of Erikson's eight stages.
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Generativity versus stagnation - ages 35 - 60.
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Intimacy versus isolation - ages 23 tp 34.
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A critical factor Erikson fails to mention.
Correct Answer
A. Intimacy versus isolation - ages 23 tp 34.Explanation
The correct answer is intimacy versus isolation - ages 23 to 34. This stage in Erikson's theory emphasizes the importance of forming close and intimate relationships with others. During this period, individuals strive to establish deep connections and share their lives with a romantic partner or close friends. It is a time when people explore their identities and seek meaningful relationships, laying the foundation for future social interactions and emotional development.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In Piaget's developmental theory, reflexes play the greatest role in the
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Sensorimotor stage.
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Formal operational stage.
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Per operational stage.
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Acquisition of conservation.
Correct Answer
A. Sensorimotor stage.Explanation
In Piaget's developmental theory, the sensorimotor stage is the first stage of cognitive development, which occurs from birth to around 2 years old. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and motor actions. Reflexes, such as sucking, grasping, and rooting, play a significant role in their early development. These reflexes help infants to explore and understand their environment. Therefore, reflexes are most influential in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget's theory.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson agreed that
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Each developmental stage needed to be resolved before an individual could move on to the next stage.
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Developmental stages are primarily psychosexual.
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Developmental stages are primary psychosocial.
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A person can proceed to a higher stage even if a lower stage is unsolved.
Correct Answer
A. Each developmental stage needed to be resolved before an individual could move on to the next stage.Explanation
Freud and Erikson both believed that each developmental stage needed to be resolved before an individual could progress to the next stage. This means that individuals must successfully navigate and resolve the challenges and conflicts associated with each stage in order to develop psychologically and move on to the next stage. This idea emphasizes the importance of successfully completing each stage of development in order to achieve healthy psychological growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 16.
According to Kohlberg, level 3, which is post conventional or self-accepted moral principles,
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Refers to the Naive Hedonism stage.
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Operates on the premise that rewards guide morals.
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A and b.
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Is the highest level of morality. However, some people never reach this level.
Correct Answer
A. Is the highest level of morality. However, some people never reach this level. -
- 17.
The correct order of the Freudian psychosexual stages is:
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Oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital.
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Oral, anal, genital, phallic and latency.
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Oral, phallic, latency, genital and anal.
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Phallic, genital, latency, oral and anal.
Correct Answer
A. Oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital.Explanation
The correct order of the Freudian psychosexual stages is oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. According to Freud, the oral stage occurs during the first year of life, where pleasure is focused on the mouth. The anal stage follows, typically occurring between the ages of 1 and 3, where pleasure is focused on bowel and bladder control. The phallic stage occurs between the ages of 3 and 6, where pleasure is focused on the genitals. The latency stage occurs between the ages of 6 and puberty, where sexual feelings are repressed. Finally, the genital stage occurs during adolescence and adulthood, where sexual pleasure is sought through relationships with others.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Sensorimotor is to Piaget as oral is to Freud, as _______ is to Erikson.
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Integrity versus despair
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Kohlberg
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Trust versus mistrust
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Play therapy
Correct Answer
A. Trust versus mistrustExplanation
The given question is asking for a term or concept that is associated with Erikson, similar to how sensorimotor is associated with Piaget and oral is associated with Freud. Among the options provided, "trust versus mistrust" is the most fitting as it is one of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. This stage occurs during infancy and is characterized by the child developing a sense of trust in their caregivers and the world around them.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Freud postulated psychosexual stages
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Id, ego, and superego.
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Oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital.
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Eros, thanatos, regression, and superego.
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Manifest, latent, oral, and phallic.
Correct Answer
A. Oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital.Explanation
Freud postulated psychosexual stages, which include the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages. These stages represent different periods of a person's development and are characterized by the focus of pleasure and conflicts in specific erogenous zones. The oral stage occurs during infancy, where pleasure is derived from activities such as sucking and chewing. The anal stage occurs during early childhood, where pleasure is associated with bowel movements and control. The phallic stage occurs during the preschool years, where children become aware of their own gender and develop attraction towards the opposite-sex parent. The latency stage occurs during middle childhood, where sexual feelings are repressed and focus is on social and intellectual activities. Finally, the genital stage occurs during adolescence and adulthood, where sexual feelings reemerge and mature relationships are formed.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Development is cephalocaudel, which means
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Foot to head.
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Head to foot.
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Limbs receive the highest level of nourishment.
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B and c.
Correct Answer
A. Head to foot.Explanation
Development is cephalocaudal, which means that it occurs in a head-to-foot direction. This means that during development, the head and upper body parts develop before the lower body parts. This pattern can be observed in various aspects of development, such as the growth of the brain and sensory organs before the limbs and lower body structures.Rate this question:
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- 21.
According to Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as concrete operational thought, this suggests
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That heavier objects are more difficult for a child to lift.
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The child is ambidextrous.
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The child is more cognizant of mass than weight.
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One can undo an action, hence an object can return to its initial shape
Correct Answer
A. One can undo an action, hence an object can return to its initial shapeExplanation
Piaget's concept of reversibility refers to a child's understanding that actions can be reversed and objects can return to their original state. This means that the correct answer, "one can undo an action, hence an object can return to its initial shape," aligns with Piaget's theory. It suggests that a child in the concrete operational stage understands the concept of reversibility and can comprehend that actions can be undone and objects can be restored to their original shape. This understanding is crucial for a child's cognitive development and their ability to solve problems and think logically.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The term identity crisis comes from the work of
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Counselors who stress RS involvement issues with clients.
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Erikson.
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Adler.
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Jung.
Correct Answer
A. Erikson.Explanation
The term "identity crisis" is associated with Erik Erikson, a prominent psychologist known for his work on psychosocial development. Erikson proposed that during adolescence, individuals experience a period of identity exploration and confusion, where they struggle to establish a sense of self and personal identity. This term has become widely used in psychology and popular culture to describe this developmental stage. Therefore, the correct answer is Erikson.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In adolescence
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Females commit suicide more than males.
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Suicide is a concern but statistically very rare.
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The teens who talk about suicide are not serious.
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Males commit suicide more often than females, but females attempt suicide more often.
Correct Answer
A. Males commit suicide more often than females, but females attempt suicide more often.Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that while males may have a higher rate of completed suicides, females have a higher rate of attempted suicides. This could be due to various factors such as differences in the methods used, societal expectations and pressures, and differences in seeking help or expressing emotions. It is important to note that both male and female suicides are significant concerns and should be taken seriously.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Heredity
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Assumes the normal person has 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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Assumes that heredity characteristics are transmitted by chromosomes.
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Assumes genes composed of DNA hold a genetic code.
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that all of the statements mentioned in the options are true. Heredity assumes that a normal person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, which is a well-known fact. It also assumes that heredity characteristics are transmitted by chromosomes, which is supported by scientific evidence. Additionally, it assumes that genes composed of DNA hold a genetic code, which is a fundamental concept in genetics. Therefore, all of these statements are valid and contribute to our understanding of heredity.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Two brothers begin screaming at each other during a family counseling session. The term that best describes the phenomenon is
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The primal scene.
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Preconscious psychic processes.
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Sibling rivalry
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BASIC-ID
Correct Answer
A. Sibling rivalryExplanation
The term "sibling rivalry" best describes the phenomenon of two brothers screaming at each other during a family counseling session. Sibling rivalry refers to the competition, jealousy, and conflict that can arise between siblings, often due to a desire for parental attention or resources. In this scenario, the brothers' screaming suggests a display of rivalry and conflict between them, which is common in sibling relationships.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicates she feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered it.
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Symbolic schema
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Conservation
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Androgynous psychosocial issues
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Trust versus mistrust
Correct Answer
A. ConservationExplanation
The child's belief that the small pitcher has less water despite it being the same amount as the tall pitcher demonstrates a lack of understanding of conservation. Conservation refers to the ability to understand that the quantity of a substance remains the same even if its appearance or arrangement changes. In this case, the child is not able to conserve because she is focused on the height and shape of the pitchers rather than the amount of water they hold.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A person who has successfully mastered Erikson's first seven stages would be ready to enter Erikson's final or eighth stage.
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Generativity versus stagnation.
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Initiative versus guilt.
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Identity crisis of the later years.
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Integrity versus despair.
Correct Answer
A. Integrity versus despair.Explanation
The person who has successfully mastered Erikson's first seven stages would be ready to enter Erikson's final or eighth stage, which is integrity versus despair. This stage occurs during late adulthood, where individuals reflect on their lives and feel a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment if they have achieved their goals and have a positive outlook on their accomplishments. On the other hand, if they feel regret and a sense of failure, they may experience despair and a negative view of their life. This stage involves finding meaning and acceptance of one's life and coming to terms with mortality.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The researcher who is well known for his work with maternal deprivation and isolation in rhesus monkeys is
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Harry Harlow.
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John Bowlby.
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Lawrence Kohlberg
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All of the above.
Correct Answer
A. Harry Harlow.Explanation
The correct answer is Harry Harlow. Harry Harlow was a researcher who conducted experiments on maternal deprivation and isolation in rhesus monkeys. His work focused on the importance of social and emotional bonds in early development, and he demonstrated the negative effects of maternal deprivation on the monkeys' psychological well-being. His experiments involved separating infant monkeys from their mothers and providing them with surrogate mothers made of wire or cloth. This research had significant implications for understanding the importance of attachment and social relationships in human development.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The tendency for adult females in the United States to wear high heels is best expressed by
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The principle of negative reinforcement.
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Sex role socialization.
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Konrad Lorenz's studies on imprinting.
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Ethological data.
Correct Answer
A. Sex role socialization.Explanation
The tendency for adult females in the United States to wear high heels can be best explained by sex role socialization. Sex role socialization refers to the process through which individuals learn and internalize the behaviors, expectations, and norms associated with their gender. In many societies, including the United States, there is a cultural expectation for women to conform to certain feminine ideals, which may include wearing high heels. This expectation is reinforced through socialization processes such as media, peer influence, and societal norms, leading to the adoption of high heels as a form of gender expression.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A person who can look back on his or her life with few regrets feels
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The burden of senile psychosis.
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Ego-integrity in Erikson's integrity versus despair stage.
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Despair, which is the sense that he or she has wasted life's precious moments.
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The burden of generalized anxiety as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association.
Correct Answer
A. Ego-integrity in Erikson's integrity versus despair stage.Explanation
In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the final stage of development is integrity versus despair. During this stage, individuals reflect on their lives and evaluate whether they have lived a meaningful and fulfilling life. If a person can look back on their life with few regrets, it indicates a sense of ego-integrity. This means that they have a positive view of themselves and their accomplishments, and they have successfully resolved the conflicts and challenges of earlier stages. Therefore, the correct answer is ego-integrity in Erikson's integrity versus despair stage.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Piaget referred to the act of taking in new information as assimilation. This results in accommodation, which is a modification of the child's cognitive structures (schemes) to deal with the new information. In Piagetian nomenclature, the balance between assimilation and accommodation is called
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Counterbalancing
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Equilibration
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Balance theory
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ABA design
Correct Answer
A. EquilibrationExplanation
Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the importance of both assimilation and accommodation in the learning process. Assimilation refers to the act of taking in new information, while accommodation involves modifying existing cognitive structures to incorporate the new information. The balance between assimilation and accommodation is known as equilibration, which is the process of achieving cognitive balance or equilibrium. This balance allows individuals to adapt and adjust their thinking to effectively understand and interact with their environment. Therefore, equilibration is the correct answer as it represents the concept of maintaining cognitive balance through assimilation and accommodation.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The statement "the ego is a dependent on the id," would most likely reflect the work of
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Erik Erikson
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Signund Freud
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Jay Haley
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Arnold Lazarus, William Perry and Robert Kegan
Correct Answer
A. Signund FreudExplanation
The statement "the ego is dependent on the id" reflects the work of Sigmund Freud. Freud's psychoanalytic theory suggests that the ego, which represents the conscious mind, develops as a result of the id's instincts and desires being regulated by the reality principle. The id, on the other hand, represents the unconscious mind and is driven by basic instincts and desires. Freud believed that the ego develops in order to mediate between the id's demands and the constraints of reality.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of the swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget's developmental research inasmuch as
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He utilized the t test too frequently
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He failed to check for type 1or alpha errors
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He worked primarily with minority children
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His findings were often derived from observing his own children
Correct Answer
A. His findings were often derived from observing his own childrenExplanation
Jean Piaget's findings were often derived from observing his own children. This can be seen as a limitation because it introduces bias into the research. Observing his own children may not be representative of the general population, and therefore his findings may not be applicable to all children. Additionally, there may be a lack of objectivity in his observations, as he may have been influenced by his personal relationship with his children. This raises concerns about the validity and generalizability of his research findings.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Kohlberg's second level of morality is known as conventional morality. This level is characterized by
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Psychosexual urges.
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A desire to live up to society's expectations.
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A desire to conform.
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B and c.
Correct Answer
A. B and c.Explanation
The correct answer is "b and c" because Kohlberg's second level of morality, known as conventional morality, is marked by a desire to live up to society's expectations and a desire to conform. This means that individuals at this level are motivated to follow societal norms and rules, seeking approval and avoiding disapproval from others. This level is focused on maintaining social order and upholding the norms and values of their community.Rate this question:
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- 35.
When comparing girls to boys, it could be noted that
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Girls grow up to smile more.
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Girls are using more feeling words by age 2.
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Girls are better able to read people without verbal cues at any age.
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All of the above.
Correct Answer
A. All of the above.Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that all the statements mentioned in the question are true when comparing girls to boys. Girls tend to grow up to smile more, they start using more feeling words by age 2, and they are better able to read people without verbal cues at any age.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Piaget's final stage is known as the formal operational stage. In this stage
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Abstract thinking emerges.
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Problems can be solved using deduction.
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Both a and b.
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The child has mastered abstract thinking but still feels helpless.
Correct Answer
A. Both a and b.Explanation
In Piaget's final stage, known as the formal operational stage, abstract thinking emerges and problems can be solved using deduction. This means that the child has developed the ability to think hypothetically and reason logically, allowing them to solve complex problems and think about concepts that are not concrete or immediately present. So, the correct answer is both a and b, as both abstract thinking and problem-solving through deduction are characteristics of the formal operational stage.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The zone of proximal development
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Was pioneered by Lev Vygotsky.
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Was pioneered by Piaget and Kohlberg.
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Emphasized organ inferiority.
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A, b and c.
Correct Answer
A. Was pioneered by Lev Vygotsky.Explanation
The correct answer is "was pioneered by Lev Vygotsky." Lev Vygotsky was a Russian psychologist who introduced the concept of the zone of proximal development. This theory suggests that children have a range of abilities, with tasks that they can perform independently and tasks that they cannot yet perform even with assistance. The zone of proximal development refers to the range of tasks that a child can perform with the guidance and support of a more knowledgeable individual, such as a teacher or parent. Vygotsky's work has had a significant impact on educational psychology and the understanding of how children learn and develop.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Piaget felt
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Homework depresses the elementary child's IQ
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Strongly that the implementation of Glasser's concepts in Schools Without Failure should be made mandatory in all elementary settings.
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That teachers should lecture a minimum of four hours daily.
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Teacher should lecture less, as children in concrete operations learn best via their own actions and experimentation.
Correct Answer
A. Teacher should lecture less, as children in concrete operations learn best via their own actions and experimentation.Explanation
Piaget believed that children in the concrete operational stage of development learn best through their own actions and experimentation. Therefore, he felt that teachers should lecture less and provide opportunities for students to engage in hands-on activities and explore their own ideas. This approach allows children to actively construct their understanding of the world around them, rather than passively receiving information from a teacher. By encouraging active learning, Piaget believed that children's cognitive abilities would be enhanced, rather than depressed by excessive homework or lectures.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Research related to elementary school counselors indicates that
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Counselors of this ilk work hard, but just don't seem to have an impact on youngsters' lives.
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These counselors are effective, do make a difference in children's lives, and more counselors should be employed.
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Counselors of this ilk could be helpful if they would engage in more consultation work.
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Should be used primarily as disciplinarians, but this is not happening in most districts.
Correct Answer
A. These counselors are effective, do make a difference in children's lives, and more counselors should be employed.Explanation
The answer suggests that research related to elementary school counselors indicates that these counselors are effective and do make a difference in children's lives. It also suggests that there should be an increase in the number of counselors employed.Rate this question:
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- 40.
In Kohlberg's first or preconventional level, the individual's moral behavior is guided by
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Psychosexual urges.
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Consequences.
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Periodic fugue states.
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Counterconditioning.
Correct Answer
A. Consequences.Explanation
In Kohlberg's first or preconventional level, the individual's moral behavior is guided by consequences. This means that individuals at this level are primarily concerned with avoiding punishment and seeking rewards. They make moral decisions based on the potential outcomes or consequences of their actions, rather than considering ethical principles or the needs of others. This level is characterized by a focus on self-interest and a limited understanding of moral reasoning.Rate this question:
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- 41.
A preschool child's concept of causality is said to animistic. This means the child attributes human characteristics to inanimate objects. Thus, the child may fantasize that an automobile or a rock is talking to him. This concept is best related to
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Carl Jung's concepts of anima, animus.
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Freud's wish fulfillment.
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Piaget's pre operational period age 2 to 7.
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Ego identity.
Correct Answer
A. Piaget's pre operational period age 2 to 7.Explanation
The correct answer is Piaget's pre operational period age 2 to 7. During this stage, children have limited cognitive abilities and tend to engage in animistic thinking, attributing human characteristics to inanimate objects. This aligns with the description provided in the question, where a preschool child's concept of causality is said to be animistic, as they may fantasize that objects like an automobile or a rock are talking to them.Rate this question:
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- 42.
A counselor is working with a family who just lost everything in a fire. The counselor will ideally focus on
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Maslow's higher-order needs, such as self-actualization
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Building a accurate empathy of family members
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Maslow's lower-order needs, such as physiological and safety needs
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The identified patient
Correct Answer
A. Maslow's lower-order needs, such as physiological and safety needsExplanation
The counselor will ideally focus on Maslow's lower-order needs, such as physiological and safety needs. This is because the family has just experienced a traumatic event of losing everything in a fire, which would have a significant impact on their basic needs for food, shelter, and security. Meeting these lower-order needs is crucial in order to stabilize the family's situation and provide them with a sense of safety and security before addressing higher-order needs like self-actualization. Building an accurate empathy of family members is important, but it is not the primary focus in this situation. The identified patient is not specified in the question, so it is not relevant to the counselor's focus.Rate this question:
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- 43.
In Piagetian literature, conservation would most likely refer to
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Volume or mass.
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Defenses of the ego.
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The sensorimotor intelligence stage.
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A specific psychosexual stage of life.
Correct Answer
A. Volume or mass.Explanation
Conservation in Piagetian literature refers to the understanding that certain properties of an object, such as volume or mass, can remain the same even when its appearance or arrangement changes. This concept is typically developed during the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. It involves the ability to understand that changes in the physical appearance of an object do not necessarily mean changes in its fundamental properties. Therefore, the correct answer is volume or mass.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Kohlberg's highest level of morality is termed postconventional morality. Here the individual
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must truly contend with psychosexual urges.
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Has the so-called "good boy/good girl" orientation.
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Has self-imposed morals and ethics.
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A and b.
Correct Answer
A. Has self-imposed morals and ethics.Explanation
In Kohlberg's highest level of morality, individuals have self-imposed morals and ethics. This means that their moral decisions are not solely based on external rules or societal expectations, but rather on their own personal principles and values. They are able to think beyond the "good boy/good girl" orientation, where they seek approval from others, and instead make moral choices based on their own internal standards. This level of morality reflects a higher level of moral reasoning and autonomy.Rate this question:
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- 45.
We often refer to individuals as conformists. Which of these individuals would most likely conform to his or her peers?
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A 19-year-old male college student.
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23-year-old male drummer in a rock band.
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A 57-year-old female stockbroker.
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A 13-year-old male middle student.
Correct Answer
A. A 13-year-old male middle student.Explanation
A 13-year-old male middle student would most likely conform to his peers because at this age, individuals are more susceptible to peer pressure and are eager to fit in with their social group. Middle school is a time when adolescents are trying to establish their identity and seek acceptance from their peers. They often conform to societal norms and the behaviors of their friends in order to avoid being ostracized or labeled as different.Rate this question:
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- 46.
In terms of parenting young children
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Boys are punished more than girls.
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Girls are punished more than boys.
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Boys and girls are treated in a similar fashion.
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Boys show more caregiver behavior.
Correct Answer
A. Boys are punished more than girls.Explanation
The correct answer is "boys are punished more than girls." This suggests that in terms of parenting young children, boys tend to receive more punishment compared to girls. This could be due to various factors such as societal expectations, gender stereotypes, or differences in behavior and temperament between boys and girls. It is important to note that this answer does not imply that all boys are punished more than girls in every situation, but rather that there is a general trend observed in parenting practices.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which theorist was most concerned with maternal deprivation?
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A. Lazarus
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H. Harlow
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J. Wolpe
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A. Ellis
Correct Answer
A. H. HarlowExplanation
H. Harlow was most concerned with maternal deprivation. Harlow conducted experiments with rhesus monkeys, where he separated them from their mothers and provided them with two surrogate mothers: one made of wire with a feeding bottle and another made of soft cloth without a feeding bottle. He found that the monkeys spent more time with the cloth mother, even when the wire mother provided food. This led Harlow to conclude that the need for comfort and attachment is more important than the need for nourishment, highlighting the significance of maternal care and the negative effects of deprivation.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The anal retentive personality is
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Charitable
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Stingy
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Kind
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Thinks very littler about money matters
Correct Answer
A. StingyExplanation
The anal retentive personality is described as "stingy" because this term refers to someone who is unwilling to spend money or give it away. This personality type is often characterized by a strong desire to hold onto their possessions and be overly cautious with their finances. They may have a tendency to prioritize saving money over being generous or charitable.Rate this question:
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- 49.
From a Freudian perspective, a client who has a problem with alcoholism and excessive smoking would be
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Considered an oral character
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Considered an anal character
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Considered a genital character
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Considered at the latency stage
Correct Answer
A. Considered an oral characterExplanation
From a Freudian perspective, the oral character refers to someone who has fixated on the oral stage of psychosexual development. This stage occurs during infancy, where the primary focus is on the mouth and oral activities such as sucking and biting. Individuals who have unresolved conflicts during this stage may develop oral fixations, which can manifest as behaviors such as excessive smoking or alcoholism. Therefore, a client with problems related to alcoholism and excessive smoking would be considered an oral character.Rate this question:
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Mar 28, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Mar 19, 2015Quiz Created by
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