Human Anatomy and Physiology Test Chapter 3

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1. Folded RNAs that act as swithches regulating protein synthesis in responce to enviromental conditions?

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Human Anatomy and Physiology Test Chapter 3 - Quiz

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2. Which Phase:

Centromeres of chromosomes are aligned at the equator.
This plane midway between the poles

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3. Segment of DNA with blueprint for one polypeptide? 

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4. Enzyme that oversees synthesis of mRNA.
Unwinds DNA template
Adds complementary RNA nucleotides on DNA template and joins them together.
Stops when it reaches termination signal.

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5. As the RNA polymerase moves along the template strand.
The mRNA transcript one base ata time, it unwinds the DNA double helix before it rewinds the double helix behnd it.

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6. Protein Synthesis:

Each sequence of three bases, called triplet, can be thought of as a "word" that specifies for a particular amino acid?

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7. Each three base sequence on DNA is represented by a _________.

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8. Start codons?

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9. ___________  ribosomes complex is directed to rough ER by a signal -recognition particle(SRP).

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10. Small RNAs that interfere with mRNA made by certain exams?

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11. Which Phase:

Begins when chromosomes movement stops
The two sets of chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin
New nuclear membrane forms around each chromatin mass

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12. Begins during late anaphase is completed after mitosis ends.
Two daughter cells are pinched apart.

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13. The thing that can leave the nucleus is the _______.

Sends message

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14. Subphase:

Dna replication

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15. Control Cell Division:

Contact inhibition
Growth-inhibiting factors produced by repressor genes

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16. Subphase:
Vigorous growth

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17. Little chemicals insults and free radicals have cumulative effects.

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18. Barlike bodies of tightly coiled chromatin: visible during cell division?

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19. Control of cell division:

Critical volume of cell when area of membrane is inadequate for exchange.
Chemical signals for growth, hormones, and cylins

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20. __________ is the master blueprint for protein synthesis.

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21. Which Phase:

Shortest phase
Centromeres of chromosomes split simultaneously-each chromatid now becomes a chromosomes
Chromosomes are V shaped are pulled toward poles by motor proteins of kinetochores

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22. What carries instructions for building a polypeptide, from gene in DNA to ribosomes in cytoplasm?

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23. Elimination of excess, injured, or aged cells occurs through programmed rapid cell death or _________ followed by phagotosis.

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24. Y-shaped site of replication?

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25. Binds to amino acids and pair with bases of codons of mRNA at ribosome to begin process of protein synthesis.

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26. Process during which the chromosomes are redistributed to two daughter nuclei: nuclear division; consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.

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27. Subphase:

Preparation for division

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28. Subphase:
Gap phase in cells that permnently cease?

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29. Chromosomes that have not been condensed?

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30. Transfers DNA gene base sequence to a complementary base sequence of an mRNA?

Loosens histones from DNA in area to be transcribed
Binds promoter, a DNA sequence specifying start site of gene to be transcribed
Mediates the binding of RNA polymerase to promoter

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31. Name of condensed chromosomes?

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32. Division of the cytoplasm by cleavage_________.

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33. ___________ is constructed in segments in the opposite direction and requires that a primer initiates replication of each segment.

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34. Converts base sequence of nucleic acids into the amino acids sequence of proteins.
Involves mRNAs, tRNAs and rRNAs.

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35. Which Phase:

Centrosomes seperate and migrate toward opposite poles.
Mitotic spindles and asters form.
Chromosomes become visible, each with two chromatids joined together at te centromere.

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36. A structural component of ribosomes that, along with tRNA, helps translate message fro mRNA?

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37. Because each new molecule consists of one old and one new nucleotide strand, this method of DNA replication is called_____________

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38. Which Phase:

Nuclear envelope fragments
Kinetochore microtubules attach to kinetochore of centromeres and draw them toward the equator of the cell
Polar microtubules assists in forcing the poles apart.,

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39. _______ untwist the double helix and exposes complimentary chains.

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40. _____________ is synthesized continously following the movement of the replication fork.

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41. Cessation of mitosis and cell aging are programmed into genes.

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42. Defines changes from cell formation until it reproduces or divides?

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43. Stop Codons?

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44. MRNA synthesis ends when the termination signal is reached. RNA polymerase and the completed mRNA transcript are released.

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45. Prevents protein-coding Rna from being translated?

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46. Which site holds the polypeptide chain?

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47. ______________ splices together short segments of discontinous strand.

Adds short segments together.

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48. What is essential for body growth and tissue repair?

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49. Non functional organelle proteins are degraded by lysosomes.

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Folded RNAs that act as swithches regulating protein synthesis in...
Which Phase:Centromeres of chromosomes are aligned at the equator.This...
Segment of DNA with blueprint for one polypeptide? 
Enzyme that oversees synthesis of mRNA.Unwinds DNA templateAdds...
As the RNA polymerase moves along the template strand.The mRNA...
Protein Synthesis:Each sequence of three bases, called triplet, can be...
Each three base sequence on DNA is represented by a _________.
Start codons?
___________  ribosomes complex is directed to rough ER by a...
Small RNAs that interfere with mRNA made by certain exams?
Which Phase:Begins when chromosomes movement stopsThe two sets of...
Begins during late anaphase is completed after mitosis ends.Two...
The thing that can leave the nucleus is the _______.Sends message
Subphase:Dna replication
Control Cell Division:Contact inhibitionGrowth-inhibiting factors...
Subphase:Vigorous growth
Little chemicals insults and free radicals have cumulative effects.
Barlike bodies of tightly coiled chromatin: visible during cell...
Control of cell division:Critical volume of cell when area of membrane...
__________ is the master blueprint for protein synthesis.
Which Phase:Shortest phaseCentromeres of chromosomes split...
What carries instructions for building a polypeptide, from gene in DNA...
Elimination of excess, injured, or aged cells occurs through...
Y-shaped site of replication?
Binds to amino acids and pair with bases of codons of mRNA at ribosome...
Process during which the chromosomes are redistributed to two daughter...
Subphase: Preparation for division
Subphase:Gap phase in cells that permnently cease?
Chromosomes that have not been condensed?
Transfers DNA gene base sequence to a complementary base sequence of...
Name of condensed chromosomes?
Division of the cytoplasm by cleavage_________.
___________ is constructed in segments in the opposite direction and...
Converts base sequence of nucleic acids into the amino acids sequence...
Which Phase:Centrosomes seperate and migrate toward opposite...
A structural component of ribosomes that, along with tRNA, helps...
Because each new molecule consists of one old and one new nucleotide...
Which Phase:Nuclear envelope fragmentsKinetochore microtubules attach...
_______ untwist the double helix and exposes complimentary chains.
_____________ is synthesized continously following the movement of the...
Cessation of mitosis and cell aging are programmed into genes.
Defines changes from cell formation until it reproduces or divides?
Stop Codons?
MRNA synthesis ends when the termination signal is reached. RNA...
Prevents protein-coding Rna from being translated?
Which site holds the polypeptide chain?
______________ splices together short segments of discontinous...
What is essential for body growth and tissue repair?
Non functional organelle proteins are degraded by lysosomes.
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