Human Anatomy And Physiology Test Chapter 3
49 Questions
| Attempts: 77
E100%
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Chromosomes that have not been condensed?
- 2.
Name of condensed chromosomes?
- 3.
Barlike bodies of tightly coiled chromatin: visible during cell division?
- 4.
Defines changes from cell formation until it reproduces or divides?
- 5.
Subphase:Vigorous growth
- 6.
Subphase:Gap phase in cells that permnently cease?
- 7.
Subphase:Dna replication
- 8.
Subphase: Preparation for division
- 9.
_______ untwist the double helix and exposes complimentary chains.
- 10.
Y-shaped site of replication?
- 11.
______________ splices together short segments of discontinous strand.Adds short segments together.
- 12.
Because each new molecule consists of one old and one new nucleotide strand, this method of DNA replication is called_____________
- 13.
_____________ is synthesized continously following the movement of the replication fork.
- 14.
___________ is constructed in segments in the opposite direction and requires that a primer initiates replication of each segment.
- 15.
What is essential for body growth and tissue repair?
- 16.
Process during which the chromosomes are redistributed to two daughter nuclei: nuclear division; consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
- 17.
Division of the cytoplasm by cleavage_________.
- 18.
Which Phase:Centrosomes seperate and migrate toward opposite poles.Mitotic spindles and asters form.Chromosomes become visible, each with two chromatids joined together at te centromere.
- 19.
Which Phase:Nuclear envelope fragmentsKinetochore microtubules attach to kinetochore of centromeres and draw them toward the equator of the cellPolar microtubules assists in forcing the poles apart.,
- 20.
Which Phase:Centromeres of chromosomes are aligned at the equator.This plane midway between the poles
- 21.
Which Phase:Shortest phaseCentromeres of chromosomes split simultaneously-each chromatid now becomes a chromosomesChromosomes are V shaped are pulled toward poles by motor proteins of kinetochores
- 22.
Which Phase:Begins when chromosomes movement stopsThe two sets of chromosomes uncoil to form chromatinNew nuclear membrane forms around each chromatin mass
- 23.
Begins during late anaphase is completed after mitosis ends.Two daughter cells are pinched apart.
- 24.
Control Cell Division:Contact inhibitionGrowth-inhibiting factors produced by repressor genes
- 25.
Control of cell division:Critical volume of cell when area of membrane is inadequate for exchange.Chemical signals for growth, hormones, and cylins
- 26.
__________ is the master blueprint for protein synthesis.
- 27.
Segment of DNA with blueprint for one polypeptide?
- 28.
Protein Synthesis:Each sequence of three bases, called triplet, can be thought of as a "word" that specifies for a particular amino acid?
- 29.
The thing that can leave the nucleus is the _______.Sends message
- 30.
What carries instructions for building a polypeptide, from gene in DNA to ribosomes in cytoplasm?
- 31.
A structural component of ribosomes that, along with tRNA, helps translate message fro mRNA?
- 32.
Binds to amino acids and pair with bases of codons of mRNA at ribosome to begin process of protein synthesis.
- 33.
Transfers DNA gene base sequence to a complementary base sequence of an mRNA?Loosens histones from DNA in area to be transcribedBinds promoter, a DNA sequence specifying start site of gene to be transcribedMediates the binding of RNA polymerase to promoter
- 34.
Enzyme that oversees synthesis of mRNA.Unwinds DNA templateAdds complementary RNA nucleotides on DNA template and joins them together.Stops when it reaches termination signal.
- 35.
As the RNA polymerase moves along the template strand.The mRNA transcript one base ata time, it unwinds the DNA double helix before it rewinds the double helix behnd it.
- 36.
MRNA synthesis ends when the termination signal is reached. RNA polymerase and the completed mRNA transcript are released.
- 37.
Converts base sequence of nucleic acids into the amino acids sequence of proteins.Involves mRNAs, tRNAs and rRNAs.
- 38.
Each three base sequence on DNA is represented by a _________.
- 39.
Stop Codons?
- 40.
Start codons?
- 41.
Which site holds the polypeptide chain?
- 42.
___________ ribosomes complex is directed to rough ER by a signal -recognition particle(SRP).
- 43.
Prevents protein-coding Rna from being translated?
- 44.
Small RNAs that interfere with mRNA made by certain exams?
- 45.
Folded RNAs that act as swithches regulating protein synthesis in responce to enviromental conditions?
- 46.
Elimination of excess, injured, or aged cells occurs through programmed rapid cell death or _________ followed by phagotosis.
- 47.
Non functional organelle proteins are degraded by lysosomes.
- 48.
Little chemicals insults and free radicals have cumulative effects.
- 49.
Cessation of mitosis and cell aging are programmed into genes.
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