Drugs Trivia: Test Your Knowledge! Quiz

Meropenem belongs to the Carbapenem group of drugs, which are known for their ability to inhibit cell wall synthesis. Cell wall synthesis is a crucial process for the survival and growth of bacteria, as it provides structural support and protection. By inhibiting this process, meropenem disrupts the formation of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death. This mechanism of action makes meropenem an effective antibiotic against a wide range of bacteria, including those that are resistant to other classes of antibiotics.

Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Beta-lactamase is an enzyme produced by bacteria that can inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. Sulbactam works by binding to beta-lactamase enzymes, preventing them from breaking down the antibiotic molecules. This allows the antibiotic to remain active and effectively kill the bacteria. Therefore, sulbactam is used in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.

Minocycline is approved by the USFDA specifically against MDR Acinetobacter. This means that minocycline has been deemed effective in treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter bacteria. It is important to note that minocycline may not be effective against other types of bacteria mentioned in the options, such as MDR Pseudomonas, MDR Klebsiella, or MDR Salmonella Typhi.

Xylomonas does not have excellent activity against Gm(+) organisms.

The given answer "all the above" is correct because it encompasses all the statements mentioned in the question. ZAXTER has a manufacturing process consisting of 17 steps, they perform 80 analytical tests for a single batch, and their product is available in more than 10 countries. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned in the question are true for ZAXTER.

Clindamycin belongs to the class called lincosamides. Lincosamides are a group of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Clindamycin specifically works by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the addition of new amino acids to the growing peptide chain. This ultimately leads to the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis and the death of the bacteria.

Fondazest is a brand that belongs to Abbott Labs.

Meropenem should not be given along with Valproic acid because it can decrease the levels of Valproic acid in the blood, reducing its effectiveness. Probenecid, on the other hand, can increase the levels of Meropenem in the blood, leading to potential side effects. Therefore, it is not recommended to give Meropenem along with Valproic acid and Probenecid.

ESBL stands for Extended Spectrum β-lactamases. These are enzymes produced by certain bacteria that can break down and inactivate a wide range of antibiotics called β-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins. This makes the bacteria resistant to these antibiotics, limiting treatment options and increasing the risk of infections becoming more severe. Therefore, the correct answer is "Extended spectrum β-lactamases."

Kezlin has excellent coverage against Staphylococcus epidermidis. This means that Kezlin is effective in treating infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. It is likely that Kezlin has specific mechanisms or ingredients that target and kill this particular bacteria, making it an effective treatment option. However, it may not be as effective against other bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E Coli, and Acinetobacter Baumannii.

Cilastatin is a DHP 1 inhibitor.

Xylomonas belongs to the drug class called Polymixin E.

Clindamycin is a type of antibiotic that was isolated from a bacteria called Streptomyces lincolnensis. Streptomyces lincolnensis is a specific type of bacteria that produces clindamycin as a natural product. This bacteria is known for its ability to produce various antibiotics, and clindamycin is one of them. Therefore, the correct answer is Streptomyces lincolnensis.

Colistin is known to bind with the Lipid A region of the cell membrane in order to prevent sepsis. The Lipid A region is a component of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. By binding to this region, colistin disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, leading to the death of the bacteria. This mechanism of action makes colistin an effective antibiotic against Gram-negative bacteria and a valuable treatment option for sepsis caused by these pathogens.

Zaxter belongs in pregnancy category B. This suggests that Zaxter is safe to use during pregnancy. Pregnancy category B medications have been tested on animals but have not shown any harmful effects on the fetus in humans. Therefore, it is generally considered safe to use these medications during pregnancy, although it is always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication during pregnancy.

The correct answer is 10 to 25 mg/kg/day, q6-8h. This dosage range is recommended for paediatric patients when prescribing Kezlin. The medication should be administered every 6 to 8 hours at a dose of 10 to 25 mg per kilogram of body weight per day. This dosage regimen is specific to paediatric patients and may vary for adult patients.

Kezlin is not recommended in UTI because it is not effective in treating urinary tract infections. UTIs are caused by bacteria that infect the urinary system, including the bladder, urethra, and kidneys. Kezlin may be effective in treating other types of infections such as skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, and gynecological infections, but it is not the appropriate choice for UTI treatment.

Binding fondaparinux to ATIII has been shown to increase the anti-coagulant activity of ATIII up to 1000 fold. This means that the combination of fondaparinux and ATIII is able to enhance the ability of ATIII to prevent blood clotting by a factor of 1000. This increased anti-coagulant activity is beneficial in preventing the formation of blood clots and reducing the risk of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Meropenem is not more active than imipenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The correct answer is False.

The half-life of clindamycin in a patient with normal renal function is 2-3 hrs. This means that it takes approximately 2-3 hours for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body. This information is important in determining the dosing frequency and interval for clindamycin in order to maintain therapeutic levels in the body.

In severe kidney impairment, the dose of Xylomonas should be adjusted to prevent the accumulation of the drug in the body. With a creatinine clearance of less than 10 mil/min, the kidneys are not able to effectively filter the drug from the bloodstream, leading to a higher risk of toxicity. Therefore, a longer dosing interval of 18-24 hours is recommended to allow for more time for the drug to be eliminated from the body before the next dose is administered. This helps to minimize the risk of drug accumulation and potential side effects.