Histology MCQ

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1. What is the term for the general process that cells us to bring things into the cell?

Explanation

Endotyosis is the term for the process cells use to have substances enter them. Exoctyosis is the term for the process cells use to remove substances. Phagocytosis is "cell eating" and is used for the transport of particulate matter. Pinocytosis is "cell drinking". Active transport is a method which requires energy.

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2. Where are ribosomes constructed?
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3. Which organelle is studded with ribosomes?

Explanation

Endoplasmic reticulum is a system of tubules. If there are ribosomes on the tubules, it is termed "rough endoplasmic reticulum". Ribosomes produce proteins. When the ribosomes are attached to endoplasmic reticulum, the proteins produced by the ribosomes are exported. If there are no ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum, it is called "smooth endoplasmic reticulum". The role of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is lipid metabolism.

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4. Where is the site of protein synthesis?

Explanation

The ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

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5. What type of tissue lines the bladder

Explanation

The lining of the bladder is transitional epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. There are domed shaped cells on the apical surface.

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6. What type of epithelial cells are as tall as they are wide?

Explanation

Epithelium that is classified by the number of cell layers and the cell shape. Epithelium that is one cell thick is classified as simple. Epithelium that is more than one cell layer thick is classified as stratified. If the cells are flat, the epithelium is termed squamous. If the cells are as tall as they are wide, it is cuboidal. If the cells are taller than they are wide, the epithelium is classified as columnar.

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7. What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels?

Explanation

Endothelium is simple squamous epithelium that lines the vascular system

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8. Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
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9. What type of gland secretes its product through a duct or tube?

Explanation

An endocrine gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream, without a duct or tube. An exocrine gland secretes its product through a duct or tube.

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10. What type of tissue lines blood vessels?

Explanation

The lining of a blood vessel is simple squamous epithelium. This lining is called endothelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple squamous epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Squamous" refers to the fact that the cells are flat.

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11. What type of epithelium is more than one layer thick?

Explanation

Epithelium that is classified by the number of cell layers and the cell shape. Epithelium that is one cell thick is classified as simple. Epithelium that is more than one cell layer thick is classified as stratified. If the cells are flat, the epithelium is termed squamous. If the cells are as tall as they are wide, it is cuboidal. If the cells are taller than they are wide, the epithelium is classified as columnar.

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12. What type of epithelium appears stratified, but is not?

Explanation

Pseudostratified epithelium is a type of epithelium that has cells which all touch the basement membrane. Pseudostratified epithelium is only one cell layer thick. Pseudostratified epithelium appears stratified, but it is not really stratified. Thus the name. The prefix "pseudo" means false, such as pseudonym or pseudo-science.

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13. What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?

Explanation

The lining of the gastrointestinal tract is simple columnar epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple columnar epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Columnar" cells are taller than they are wide and have an oval nucleus.

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14. What type of epithelium is composed of flat cells?

Explanation

Epithelium that is classified by the number of cell layers and the cell shape. Epithelium that is one cell thick is classified as simple. Epithelium that is more than one cell layer thick is classified as stratified. If the cells are flat, the epithelium is termed squamous. If the cells are as tall as they are wide, it is cuboidal. If the cells are taller than they are wide, the epithelium is classified as columnar.

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15. What is a gland called if it has an branched duct?

Explanation

A simple gland has an unbranched duct. A compound gland has a branched duct. If the secretory portion of a gland is tube shaped, it is called "tubular". If the secretory portion of a gland is flask shaped, it is called "alveolar" or "acinar". If the secretory portion of a gland is a tube shaped but at the terminus is flask shaped, it is called "tubuloalveolar".

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16. What type of tissue lines the esophagus?

Explanation

The lining of the esophagus is stratified squamous epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Stratified squamous epithelium is "stratified" because it is more than one cell layer thick. "Squamous" refers to the fact that the surface cells of the layer are flat.

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17. Which organ has a mucosa lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Explanation

The mucosa of the esophagus is mucosa lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

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18. What type of epithelium is one cell layer thick?

Explanation

Epithelium that is classified by the number of cell layers and the cell shape. Epithelium that is one cell thick is classified as simple. Epithelium that is more than one cell layer thick is classified as stratified. If the cells are flat, the epithelium is termed squamous. If the cells are as tall as they are wide, it is cuboidal. If the cells are taller than they are wide, the epithelium is classified as columnar.

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19. What forms the striated border?

Explanation

Microvilli are the finger like projections seen on the surface of some cells. The appearance of microvilli form what is also called the brush border or striated border.

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20. What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?

Explanation

Keratinization is seen in the epidermis. Cells in the stratum corneum are essentially just bags of keratin.

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21. What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?

Explanation

The lining of the gastrointestinal tract is simple columnar epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple columnar epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Columnar" cells are taller than they are wide and have an oval nucleus.

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22. What are the modifications of the muscularis externa that is seen on the large intestine?

Explanation

The modifications of the muscularis externa seen on the large intestine are called teniae coli.

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23. What does connective tissue develop from?

Explanation

Connective tissue develops from mesenchyme.

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24. Which connective tissue cell type produces the ground substance in connective tissue?

Explanation

Fibroblasts produce collagen. The fibroblast also produces the ground substance in connective tissue.

Fibroblasts, histiocytes, plasma cells, and mast cells are routinely seen in loose connective tissue. Fibroblasts produce collagen. The fibroblast also produces the ground substance in connective tissue. Myofibroblasts contain properties of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. The histiocyte is a tissue macrophage. Plasma cells are derived from B lymphocytes. Mast cells secrete histamine. Mast cells also secrete heparin, SRS-A (slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, ECF-A (eosinophilic chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis.

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25. What type of connective tissue is an undifferentiated tissue found in the embryo?

Explanation

Mesenchyme is embryonic connective tissue. It is an undifferentiated tissue found in the embryo.

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26. Which of the following would be best suited to visualize lipid?

Explanation

Lipids are best displayed with a sudan stain

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27. What cells of the pancreas secrete pancreatic polypeptide?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas.

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28. What are most neurons in the body?

Explanation

Most neurons in the body (over 99%) are multipolar.

Neurons can be classified based on the number of axons and dendrites stemming off of the cell body. A unipolar neuron has one process which branches off of it This process then immediately divides into two. Thus, a unipolar neuron is sometimes also called a pseudounipolar neuron. Sensory neurons are unipolar.

A bipolar neuron has two process that branch from it: an axon and a dendrite. Bipolar neurons are not very common and are found in some of the organs for special senses. Bipolar neurons are found in the retina, inner ear, and the region of the nose involved with smell.

Multipolar neurons have one axon and many (at least two) dendrites that branch off of it. Most neurons are multipolar. Motor neurons and interneurons are multipolar.

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29. What type of basic tissue type is cartilage?

Explanation

Of the four basic tissue types (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle and nervous tissue), connective tissue is the most diverse. Cartilage is a type of connective tissue.

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30. Which type of cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus?

Explanation

Hyaline cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus. The cartilage forms a template of the bones. Endochondral ossification will occur during the childhood, replacing the hyaline cartilage with bone.

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31. Which of the following is involved in the blood brain barrier?

Explanation

Neuroglia are the supporting cells of the central nervous system. Sometimes, neuroglia called glial cells or glia. Astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia are all neuroglia.

Of the neuroglia cells, astrocytes are the most abundant and the largest. These are star shaped cells involved in the blood brain barrier.

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32. Which of the following is an element of the central nervous system?

Explanation

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. All other nervous system elements are considered to be in the peripheral nervous system. Thus the peripheral nervous system includes receptors, the brachial plexus, the sciatic nerve, and ganglia.

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33. Which type of cartilage is the most abundant?

Explanation

Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant type of cartilage.

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34. What is the connective tissue covering which surrounds cartilage?

Explanation

The perichondrium is the connective tissue which surrounds cartilage.

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35. What is compact bone?

Explanation

Compact bone is also called dense bone. Compact bone has the Haversian system.

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36. What type of basic tissue type is bone?

Explanation

Of the four basic tissue types (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle and nervous tissue), connective tissue is the most diverse. Bone is a type of connective tissue

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37. What is dense bone?

Explanation

Compact bone is also called dense bone. Compact bone has the Haversian system.

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38. What is the space that an osteocyte rests in?
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39. What surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers?

Explanation

The endoneurium surrounds a nerve fiber. The perineurium surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers. The epineurium surrounds a nerve.

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40. What is cancellous bone?

Explanation

Spongy bone is also referred to as cancellous bone. The mineralized tissue is seen as spicules. Marrow spaces are also present.

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41. What is the covering of a bone?

Explanation

The periosteum is the connective tissue covering of a bone. The prefix "peri" means around, such as in the word "perimeter".

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42. What forms the skeleton of the fetus?

Explanation

Hyaline cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus. The cartilage forms a template of the bones. Endochondral ossification will occur during the childhood, replacing the hyaline cartilage with bone.

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43. Which fiber type has more myoglobin?

Explanation

Skeletal muscle fibers can be classified as red fibers, white fibers or intermediate fibers. Red fibers are smaller in diameter; white fibers are larger in diameter. Red fibers have more mitochondria than white fibers. Red fibers make up slow-twitch muscle; white fibers make up fast-twitch muscle. Red fibers are more resistant to fatigue than are white fibers. Red fibers have more myoglobin (oxygen binding pigment) than white fibers. White fibers store glycogen and use anaerobic metabolism.

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44. Where is cardiac muscle found?

Explanation

Myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart. Thus, the myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle.

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45. What is released at a synapse?

Explanation

A single motor neuron and the aggregation of muscle fibers innervated by that single neuron is called the motor unit. A motor neuron is a neuron which innervates a muscle cell. The point of contact where a neuron contacts a muscle is the motor end plate. A neuromuscular spindle is a receptor which is sensitive to stretching of the muscle. A neurotransmitter is the chemical released by a nerve at a synapse.

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46. What type of muscle is composed of spindle shaped cells?

Explanation

Smooth muscle is composed of spindle shaped cells.

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47. Which of the following is composed of cardiac muscle?

Explanation

The heart is composed of cardiac muscle.

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48. Which fiber type has a lot of mitochondria?

Explanation

Red fibers have more mitochondria than white fibers.

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49. What is the role of the condenser lens?

Explanation

The role of the condenser lens is to focus light on the specimen. It is used with higher magnifications.

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50. On a microscope, what structure varies the diameter of the cone of light?

Explanation

The base is the bottom of the microscope. The revolving nosepiece is also called a turret. The objective lens are attached to the nosepiece (or turret). The slide rests on the stage. The tube is the structure which connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses (it is shaped like a tube; thus, its name). The diaphragm controls the diameter of the cone of light.

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51. Where do you place the slide when using a microscope?

Explanation

The base is the bottom of the microscope. The revolving nosepiece is also called a turret. The objective lens are attached to the nosepiece (or turret). The slide rests on the stage. The tube is the structure which connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses (it is shaped like a tube; thus, its name). The diaphragm controls the diameter of the cone of light.

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52. Where is thick skin found?
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53. Which type of microscope has only one lens?

Explanation

A simple microscope has only one lens. A compound microscope utilizes two lenses: an ocular lens and an objective lens. The compound microscope is also referred to as a "light microscope" or "bright field microscope". A phase contrast microscope is useful for examining living cells, because the specimen does not need to be stained. A dissection microscope uses low power magnification. Things appear three dimensional with a dissection microscope. A transmission electron microscope does not use light, but rather a beam of electrons.

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54. Which layer of the epidermis is present only in thick skin?

Explanation

The stratum lucidum is present only in thick skin.'

My favorite mnemonic for remembering the layers of the skin: "Californian Ladies Give Superb Backrubs"

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55. Which organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?

Explanation

The mitochondria is the site of ATP production for the cell. ATP is the energy currency of the cell. Mitochondria are nicknamed, the "powerhouse".

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56. What is the term for the general process that cells us to expunge material from the cell?

Explanation

Endotyosis is the term for the process cells use to have substances enter them. Exoctyosis is the term for the process cells use to remove substances. Phagocytosis is "cell eating" and is used for the transport of particulate matter. Pinocytosis is "cell drinking". Active transport is a method which requires energy.

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57. Which organelle sorts and packages proteins within a cell?

Explanation

The Golgi apparatus are stacks of membranous sacs. Proteins are sorted and packaged in the Golgi apparatus.

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58. What are the folds on the inner mitochodrial membrane called?

Explanation

The cell boundary is defined by the cell membrane or plasmalemma. Glycocalyx is a polysacchride that can be found on the outer surface of the cell membranes. Collectively, the cytoplasm and nucleus form the protoplasm of a cell. The folds on the inner mitochodrial membrane are called cristae. The cytoplasm that surrounds organelles is the cytoplasmic ground substance or cytosol.

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59. What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?

Explanation

Keratinization is seen in the epidermis. Cells in the stratum corneum are essentially just bags of keratin.

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60. Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?

Explanation

Lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum are all membranous organelles.

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61. Which connective tissue cell type produces collagen?

Explanation

Fibroblasts produce collagen. The fibroblast also produces the ground substance in connective tissue.

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62. Which of the following forms myelin in the central nervous system?

Explanation

Neuroglia are the supporting cells of the central nervous system. Sometimes, neuroglia called glial cells or glia. Astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia are all neuroglia.

Of the neuroglia cells, astrocytes are the most abundant and the largest. These are star shaped cells involved in the blood brain barrier.

Ependymal cells line the ventricles and spinal canal.

Oligodendrocytes form myelin in the central nervous system.

Microglia are the central nervous system macrophages.

Schwann cells are seen in the peripheral nervous system and are not considered neuroglia. Schwann cells are responsible for the myelination of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

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63. What is the connective tissue covering around the brain and spinal cord?

Explanation

A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central nervous system. White matter is myelinated nerve fibers. Gray matter is essentially neuron cell bodies. Nodes of Ranvier are the gaps that occur in the myelin sheath. Neurofilaments are a type of intermediate filaments seen in neurons.

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64. Which of the following is an organelle?

Explanation

Mitochondria is an organelle. Pigment, glycogen, lipid, and secretory granules are all considered inclusions. Organelles perform an activity; they have a job; they require energy. Inclusions are for storage. Inclusions do not perform an energy requiring job.

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65. What type of tissue lines most ducts?

Explanation

The lining of most ducts is simple cuboidal epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple cuboidal epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Cuboidal" refers to the shape of the cells.

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66. Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system?

Explanation

Macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes. Many tissues have resident (fixed) macrophages. Fixed macrophages are given a unique name, depending on the tissue that they are located in. Kupffer cells are the hepatic macrophages. Histiocytes are macrophages seen in connective tissue. Dust cells are alveolar macrophage found in the respiratory tract. Langerhans cells are macrophages seen in the skin. Microglia are the central nervous system macrophages.

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67. What cell produces the cartilaginous matrix?

Explanation

A chondroblast is an immature cartilage cell which produces the cartilaginous matrix.

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68. What is the connective tissue covering of a muscle fascicle?

Explanation

The perimysium surrounds these muscle fascicles.

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69. Which fiber type is seen in skeletal muscle?

Explanation

Skeletal muscle fibers can be classified as red fibers, white fibers or intermediate fibers.

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70. Where is thick skin found?

Explanation

Thick skin is found on the palms of the hand and the sole of the feet. Thin skin is found everywhere else.

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71. Which of the following stains is used for routine histological examination?

Explanation

A peripheral blood smear would be best visualized with Wright's stain. Hematoxylin and eosin stain is the most commonly used tissue stain for routine histological examination. Lipids are best displayed with a sudan stain. Silver impregnation, such as with a reticular stain, can be used to visualize reticular fibers. Collagen fibers can be differentiated from other fibers by staining with Masson's trichrome stain.

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72. What type of gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream?

Explanation

An endocrine gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream, without a duct or tube. An exocrine gland secretes its product through a duct or tube.

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73. What is a gland called if it has an unbranched duct?

Explanation

A simple gland has an unbranched duct.

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74. What type of tissue composes the kidney tubules?

Explanation

The kidney tubules are simple cuboidal epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple cuboidal epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Cuboidal" refers to the shape of the cells.

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75. Which is the most abundant fiber in connective tissue?

Explanation

There are three types of fibers found in connective tissue: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Collagen fibers are the most abundant fiber type in connective tissue.

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76. Which type of cartilage forms the symphysis pubis?

Explanation

Fibrocartilage forms the symphysis pubis.

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77. Regarding the blood supply to cartilage:

Explanation

Cartilage is avascular. Nutrients reach cartilage by diffusion from the adjacent tissues.

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78. What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?

Explanation

The rings of the trachea are composed of hyaline cartilage.

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79. Which of the following contains a substantial amount of smooth muscle?

Explanation

Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle. It is found in viscera and blood vessels.

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80. Which layer is NOT present in masticatory epithelium?

Explanation

The stratum lucidum is present only in thick skin

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81. Which of the following is a unicellular gland?

Explanation

A goblet cell is a unicellular gland.

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82. What type of tissue makes up the dermis of the skin?

Explanation

Dense irregular connective tissue is seen in the dermis.

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83. Which one of these cells is not a cell type routinely found in loose connective tissue?

Explanation

Microglia are supporting cells in the nervous system.

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84. Which type of cartilage is found in the external ear?

Explanation

Elastic cartilage is found in the external ear.

Note from Sarah Bellham: If you bend your ear forward, it bounces back into its proper position. This is due to the elastic cartilage.

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85. How many neurons are in the body of man?

Explanation

There are 10,000,000,000 (10 to the 10th) to 100,000,000,000 (10 to the 11th) neurons.

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86. What is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central nervous system called?

Explanation

Schwann cells are responsible for the myelination of neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Basket cells are a type of neuron seen in the cerebellum. A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the CNS. Neuroglia are the supporting cells in the central nervous system Sometimes, neuroglia called glial cells or glia. Satellite cells are found in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system.

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87. What is bone formation called when the bone is formed directly, without using a cartilage template?

Explanation

Intramembranous bone formation is the process of bone formation where the bone is formed without a cartilage template

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88. What is the primary component of yellow marrow?

Explanation

Red marrow contains active hematopoietic tissue. Yellow marrow is primarily fat.

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89. Which of the following is composed of skeletal muscle?

Explanation

Striated muscle can be sub-categorized into cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. The tongue, biceps muscle, and upper esophagus are made of striated muscle. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle.

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90. What is the light band in muscle?

Explanation

The A band is the darker staining band. The I band is the light band. The I band is made of thin filaments. The Z line runs through the I band. The H band bisects the A band. The M line runs through the H band.

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91. Which of the following is the most abundant sensory receptor of the skin?

Explanation

There are several different sensory receptors in the skin. The most abundant sensory receptor are the free nerve endings. Free nerve endings respond to pain and temperature.

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92. Which of the following is an acid dye?

Explanation

Eosin is an acid dye. It will bind to and stain basic structures (or negatively charged structures), such as cationic amino groups on proteins. It stains them pink. Cytoplasm, muscle, connective tissue, and decalcified bone matrix all stain pink with eosin. "H&E" stand for hematoxylin and eosin. Hematoxylin and eosin stain is used for routine tissue preparation frequently.

Azure II, Toluidine blue, Methylene blue, Thionine are all basic dyes.

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93. Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?

Explanation

The skin is involved in the production of vitamin D from precursors with the aid of the sun. It protects the body from water loss. There are many sensory receptors in the skin: pain, pressure, fine touch. The skin is also involved in heat regulation. In addition, the skin protects the body.

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94. The papillary layer is part of which layer?

Explanation

The dermis is composed of a papillary layer and a reticular layer. The reticular layer of the dermis is made up of dense irregular connective tissue.

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95. Which of the following layers comprise the skin?

Explanation

The skin is composed of two layers: the epidermis and the dermis.

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96. What is a gland called if the secretory portion is tube shaped ending in a flask shaped area at the terminus?

Explanation

If the secretory portion of a gland is a tube shaped but at the terminus is flask shaped, it is called "tubuloalveolar".

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97. What type of epithelium forms the epidermis?

Explanation

The epidermis is formed by stratified squamous epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Stratified squamous epithelium is "stratified" because it is more than one cell layer thick. "Squamous" refers to the fact that the surface cells of the stratified squamous layer are flat. This is important to note as the cells at the basal layer are cuboidal or even columnar. It is still classified as "squamous" based on the cells of the surface layer.

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98. What is the outer gray matter of the brain called?

Explanation

A group of fibers traveling together to a destination is a tract. Islets of Langerhans are seen in the pancreas. Soma is another term for a neuron cell body. The outer part of the brain is gray matter called the cortex. The conglomerations of gray matter deep within the cerebrum and cerebellum are called nuclei.

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99. What are the gaps that occur within the myelin sheath?

Explanation

A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central nervous system. White matter is myelinated nerve fibers. Gray matter is essentially neuron cell bodies. Nodes of Ranvier are the gaps that occur in the myelin sheath. Neurofilaments are a type of intermediate filaments seen in neurons.

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100. What sits in a lacuna?

Explanation

The mature bone cell is called an osteocyte. It sits in a space, called a lacuna.

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101. What is another term for the cell body of a neuron?

Explanation

A group of fibers traveling together to a destination is a tract. Islets of Langerhans are seen in the pancreas. Soma is another term for a neuron cell body. The outer part of the brain is gray matter called the cortex. The conglomerations of gray matter deep within the cerebrum and cerebellum are called nuclei.

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102. What is actin?

Explanation

Myofilaments are the contractile protein within a muscle cell. The myofilaments are actin and myosin.

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103. What is the outer connective tissue covering of a muscle?

Explanation

The outer connective tissue covering of a muscle is the epimysium.

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104. Which cell is a mechanoreceptors?

Explanation

The Merkel cell is a mechanoreceptor.

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105. Which of the following is composed of stratified squamous epithelium?

Explanation

The epidermis is stratified squamous epithelium.

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106. Which fiber type is more resistant to fatigue?

Explanation

Red fibers are more resistant to fatigue than are white fibers.

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107. Which layer of the epidermis contains star shaped cells?

Explanation

The epidermis is divided into five layers: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. The stratum spinosum consists of a layer several cells deep. The cells have pointy or spiny processes on them.

My favorite mnemonic for remembering the layers of the skin: "Californian Ladies Give Superb Backrubs"

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108. What forms the brush border?

Explanation

Microvilli are the finger like projections seen on the surface of some cells. The appearance of microvilli form what is also called the brush border or striated border.

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109. What type of epithelial cells are taller than they are wide?

Explanation

Epithelium that is classified by the number of cell layers and the cell shape. Epithelium that is one cell thick is classified as simple. Epithelium that is more than one cell layer thick is classified as stratified. If the cells are flat, the epithelium is termed squamous. If the cells are as tall as they are wide, it is cuboidal. If the cells are taller than they are wide, the epithelium is classified as columnar.

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110. What type of epithelium has dome shaped cells on the apical surface?

Explanation

Transitional epithelium is seen in the urinary tract. Transitional epithelium has dome shaped cells on the apical surface.

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111. Which cell is a connective tissue macrophage?

Explanation

Histiocytes are macrophages seen in connective tissue.

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112. Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?

Explanation

Specialized connective tissue includes cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood and hemopoietic tissue, and lymphatic tissue.Embryonic connective tissue includes mesenchyme and mucous connective tissue.

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113. Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas

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114. Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?

Explanation

Specialized connective tissue includes cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood and hemopoietic tissue, and lymphatic tissue.

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115. What cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas.

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116. What type of tissue makes up the "Adam's apple"?

Explanation

The "Adam's apple" is a nickname for part of the larynx formed by the thyroid cartilage. The thyroid cartilage is composed of hyaline cartilage.

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117. Which of the following forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system?

Explanation

Schwann cells are responsible for the myelination of neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Basket cells are a type of neuron seen in the cerebellum. A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the CNS. Neuroglia are the supporting cells in the central nervous system Sometimes, neuroglia called glial cells or glia. Satellite cells are found in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system.

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118. Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers?

Explanation

Elastic cartilage has elastic fibers in the matrix.

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119. Which of the following are considered to be part of the meninges?

Explanation

The meninges cover the brain and spinal cord. There are three: dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater.

The dura mater is the outer meninx. The dura mater is composed of dense irregular connective tissue.

The arachnoid is made of a delicate spider web like connective tissue.

The pia mater is the innermost meninx. It covers the brain intimately.

Note from Sarah Bellham: Arachnoid is derived from the Greek word for spider. It is used in the words arachnophobia, arachnids and arachnoid.

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120. Which of the following is supporting cell of the central nervous system?

Explanation

A ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies outside of the central nervous system. The cell body of a neuron is called a perikaryon or soma. An astrocyte is a supporting cell seen in the central nervous system. The basophilic clusters of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic seen in neuron cell bodies is called Nissl, Nissl bodies or Nissl substance. The terminal bouton is the end portion of an axon. It is also called an axon terminal or end bulb. The terminal bouton will be associated with another neuron in a synapse.

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121. What is the mature cell in cartilage called?

Explanation

The mature cell in cartilage is a chondrocyte.

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122. What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?

Explanation

The epiglottis is part of the larynx. It is composed of elastic cartilage.

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123. What structure is called yellow cartilage?

Explanation

Elastic cartilage is sometimes referred to as yellow cartilage. Fibrocartilage is sometimes referred to as white cartilage.

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124. What are neurons in the retina?

Explanation

The neurons in the retina are bipolar.

Neurons can be classified based on the number of axons and dendrites stemming off of the cell body. A unipolar neuron has one process which branches off of it This process then immediately divides into two. Thus, a unipolar neuron is sometimes also called a pseudounipolar neuron. Sensory neurons are unipolar.

A bipolar neuron has two process that branch from it: an axon and a dendrite. Bipolar neurons are not very common and are found in some of the organs for special senses. Bipolar neurons are found in the retina, inner ear, and the region of the nose involved with smell.

Multipolar neurons have one axon and many (at least two) dendrites that branch off of it. Most neurons are multipolar. Motor neurons and interneurons are multipolar.

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125. What is the mature bone cell called?

Explanation

The mature bone cell is called an osteocyte. It sits in a space, called a lacuna.

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126. What type of muscle is always multinucleated?

Explanation

Skeletal muscle is multinucleated. The nuclei are seen on the periphery. Occasionally, cardiac muscle is bi-nucleated.

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127. What is another term for muscle cells?

Explanation

The muscle cell is a muscle fiber.

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128. What is the turret?

Explanation

The base is the bottom of the microscope. The revolving nosepiece is also called a turret. The objective lens are attached to the nosepiece (or turret). The slide rests on the stage. The tube is the structure which connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses (it is shaped like a tube; thus, its name). The diaphragm controls the diameter of the cone of light.

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129. What type of muscle contains actin and myosin?

Explanation

All types of muscle contain actin and myosin.

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130. On a microscope, what structure connects the eyepiece to the objective lens?

Explanation

The base is the bottom of the microscope. The revolving nosepiece is also called a turret. The objective lens are attached to the nosepiece (or turret). The slide rests on the stage. The tube is the structure which connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses (it is shaped like a tube; thus, its name). The diaphragm controls the diameter of the cone of light.

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131. What type of muscle has branching cells?

Explanation

Branching cells are seen in cardiac muscle. This is an important point, as both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are striated. The branching seen with cardiac muscle is one of the things that can be used to distinguish between the two.

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132. A sarcomere is defined as the segment from _____ to ____?

Explanation

A sarcomere is the segment that runs from Z line to Z line.

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133. Which layer of the epidermis contains dividing cells?

Explanation

The epidermis is divided into five layers: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.

The stratum basale contains the dividing cells. This layer is also called the stratum germinativum.

My favorite mnemonic for remembering the layers of the skin: "Californian Ladies Give Superb Backrubs"

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134. Which organelle contains detoxifying enzymes?

Explanation

Peroxisomes contain enzymes for detoxification. One of the enzymes within peroxisomes is catalase. Catalase is involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.

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135. Which of the following is NOT a fiber found in connective tissue?

Explanation

Purkinje fibers are seen in the heart. Purkinje fibers are specialized muscle fibers.

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136. Which cell is the mature bone cell?

Explanation

An osteocyte is a mature bone cell.

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137. What is spongy bone?

Explanation

Spongy bone is also referred to as cancellous bone.

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138. What type of muscle has visible cross striations?

Explanation

Both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle have visible striations. Collectively, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are classified as "striated muscle".

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139. When using a compound microscope, objective lenses can be found to have a magnification of all of the following, EXCEPT?

Explanation

A compound microscope has two lenses: an eyepiece lens and objective lens. The eyepiece lens usually has a magnification of 10X. There are objective lenses on the revolving nosepiece with varying magnifications. Most compound microscopes have objective lenses with magnification of 4X, 10X, and 40X. Some compound microscopes also have an oil immersion lens with a magnification of 100X.

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140. What is the usual magnification of the ocular lens on a compound microscope?

Explanation

The usual magnification of an ocular lens on a compound microscope is 10X. Some microscopes have a 15X eyepiece lens. The ocular lens is the lens at the top of the tube, the one that you first look through when using a microscope. It is also called the eyepiece lens.

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141. Which of the following is NOT considered an epidermal appendage?

Explanation

Sweat glands, hair, nails and sebaceous glands are all considered epidermal appendages. The hypodermis is not considered an epidermal appendage. The hypodermis is the loose connective tissue layer underneath the dermis.

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142. Which sensory receptor in the skin is NOT encapsulated?

Explanation

Ruffini endings, pacinian corpuscles, meissner's corpuscles, and merkel cells are all encapsulated sensory receptors.Free nerve endings are not encapsulated.

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143. What do you call a tissue composed of a conglomeration of cells which are tightly packed together, yet which does not have a free surface? An example of such a tissue would be the parenchyma of the adrenal gland.

Explanation

Epithelial tissue has cells that are very tightly packed together. There is always a free surface associated with epithelial tissue. If a tissue is composed of a conglomeration of cells in tightly packed together, but it does not have a free surface, the tissue is called epithelioid tissue. An example of epithelioid tissue is the parenchyma of the adrenal gland.

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144. Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue proper"?

Explanation

Connective tissue proper consists of loose irregular connective tissue and dense connective tissue (regular and irregular).

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145. What type of tissue is a ligament composed of?

Explanation

Dense regular connective tissue comprises tendons and ligaments.

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146. Which of the following can be classified as "embryonic connective tissue"?

Explanation

Embryonic connective tissue includes mesenchyme and mucous connective tissue.

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147. What is the cell body of a neuron called?

Explanation

A ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies outside of the central nervous system. The cell body of a neuron is called a perikaryon or soma. An astrocyte is a supporting cell seen in the central nervous system. The basophilic clusters of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic seen in neuron cell bodies is called Nissl, Nissl bodies or Nissl substance. The terminal bouton is the end portion of an axon. It is also called an axon terminal or end bulb. The terminal bouton will be associated with another neuron in a synapse.

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148. How many types of cartilage are there?

Explanation

There are three types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage.

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149. Which type of cartilage forms the articular surface on bones?

Explanation

Hyaline cartilage forms the articular surface on bones.

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150. What surrounds a nerve?

Explanation

The endoneurium surrounds a nerve fiber. The perineurium surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers. The epineurium surrounds a nerve.

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151. Which cell type is responsible for bone breakdown?

Explanation

An osteoclast is a bone cell which is involved in resorption of bone.

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152. What cell is an immature bone cell?

Explanation

An osteoblast is an immature bone cell. The osteoblast is the bone forming cell.

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153. What forms the articular surface on bones?

Explanation

Hyaline cartilage forms the articular surface on bones.

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154. What is myosin?

Explanation

Myofilaments are the contractile protein within a muscle cell. The myofilaments are actin and myosin. The thin filaments are actin and the thick filaments are myosin.

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155. What region is made of thin filaments?

Explanation

The A band is the darker staining band. The I band is the light band. The I band is made of thin filaments. The Z line runs through the I band. The H band bisects the A band. The M line runs through the H band.

A sarcomere is the segment that runs from Z line to Z line.

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156. Which fiber type fatigues more readily?

Explanation

Red fiber and slow twitch muscle is for endurance.

White fiber and fast twitch muscle is for a burst of power.

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157. What are the thick filaments composed of?

Explanation

Myofilaments are the contractile protein within a muscle cell. The myofilaments are actin and myosin. The thin filaments are actin and the thick filaments are myosin. The muscle cell is a muscle fiber. The term "muscle cell" and "muscle fiber" are synonymous. A myofibril is a longitudinal bundle of myofilaments within a muscle cell. Myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart. Thus, the myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle.

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158. Which fiber type uses more aerobic metabolism?

Explanation

Red fibers have more myoglobin (oxygen binding pigment) than white fibers. White fibers store glycogen and use anaerobic metabolism.

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159. What is the innervation of an eccrine sweat gland?

Explanation

Eccrine sweat glands are innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. The neurotransmitter for the eccrine sweat glands is acetylcholine. Thus it is cholinergic.

Note from Sarah Bellham: For most postganglionic sympathetic neurons, the neurotransmitter is norepinephrine. Eccrine sweat glands are an exception to this generalization, as the innervation for eccrine sweat glands is cholinergic sympathetic.

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160. The reticular layer is part of which layer?

Explanation

The dermis is composed of a papillary layer and a reticular layer.The reticular layer of the dermis is made up of dense irregular connective tissue.

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161. Which cell is the most abundant cell in the epidermis?

Explanation

he keratinocyte is the most abundant cell in the epidermis.

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162. Which organelle produces protein for export?

Explanation

Endoplasmic reticulum is a system of tubules. If there are ribosomes on the tubules, it is termed "rough endoplasmic reticulum". Ribosomes produce proteins. When the ribosomes are attached to endoplasmic reticulum, the proteins produced by the ribosomes are exported. If there are no ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum, it is called "smooth endoplasmic reticulum". The role of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is lipid metabolism.

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163. Which of the following responds to pain?

Explanation

There are several different sensory receptors in the skin. The most abundant sensory receptor are the free nerve endings. Free nerve endings respond to pain and temperature.

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164. What is another term for the intestinal glands?

Explanation

Crypts of Lieberkuhn are the intestinal glands.

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165. Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue proper"?

Explanation

Connective tissue proper consists of loose irregular connective tissue and dense connective tissue (regular and irregular).

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166. What cell is involved in bone resorption?

Explanation

An osteoclast is a multinucleated cell involved in the degradation of bone. It is a bone resorbing cell.

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167. What is woven bone?

Explanation

Immature bone is woven bone. It is nonlamellar bone or bundle bone.

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168. Which type of bone has spicules?

Explanation

Spongy bone is also referred to as cancellous bone. The mineralized tissue is seen as spicules. Marrow spaces are also present.

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169. What is white matter?

Explanation

A ganglion is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central nervous system. White matter is myelinated nerve fibers. Gray matter is essentially neuron cell bodies. Nodes of Ranvier are the gaps that occur in the myelin sheath. Neurofilaments are a type of intermediate filaments seen in neurons.

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170. What is in the bone matrix?

Explanation

The matrix of bone is mineralized. Within the matrix are collagen fibers and proteoglycans.

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171. What is the lining of the inner bone on the side which abuts the medullary cavity?

Explanation

The endosteum is the lining of the inner bone (the side which abuts the medullary cavity). The prefix "endo" means within or inner, such as in "endosteum", "endocrine", "endoscope".

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172. What is the maximum resolving power seen with a compound microscope?

Explanation

Resolving power is the ability to see two things as discrete images. With normal vision, there is a resolving power of about of 100 micrometers. A compound microscope has a resolving power of approximately .2 micrometers. In other words, two marks .2 micrometers apart can be seen as two distinct entities. Any closer than this, they are perceived as one object.

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173. What is the bottom of a microscope called?

Explanation

The base is the bottom of the microscope. The revolving nosepiece is also called a turret. The objective lens are attached to the nosepiece (or turret). The slide rests on the stage. The tube is the structure which connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses (it is shaped like a tube; thus, its name). The diaphragm controls the diameter of the cone of light.

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174. What is the innervation of an apocrine sweat gland?

Explanation

Apocrine sweat glands are innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. The neurotransmitter for the apocrine sweat glands is norepinephrine. Thus it is adrenergic.

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175. Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?

Explanation

Specialized connective tissue includes cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood and hemopoietic tissue, and lymphatic tissue.

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176. What cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas.

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177. What are the spicules on spongy bone called?

Explanation

Trabeculae are the spicules seen with spongy bone.

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178. Which cell is responsible for skin pigmentation?

Explanation

The melanocyte produces melanin, which is responsible for skin pigmentation.

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179. Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?

Explanation

Lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum are all membranous organelles.

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180. What process is nicknamed "cell drinking"?

Explanation

Pinocytosis is "cell drinking".

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181. Where is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

Explanation

The small intestine is the primary site for absorption of nutrients.

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182. What are the finger like projections of mucosa that are seen in the small intestine?

Explanation

Villi are finger like projections of mucosa seen in the small intestine.

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183. What are the folds of the stomach called?
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184. Which of the following is NOT lined by a serosa?

Explanation

Serosa lines the peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity and pleural cavity. Mucosa lines the alimentary canal, genitourinary tract and respiratory tract.

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185. Which cells secrete pepsinogen?

Explanation

Chief cells secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen is the precursor for pepsin.

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186. What is another term for an acinar gland?

Explanation

A simple gland has an unbranched duct. A compound gland has a branched duct. If the secretory portion of a gland is tube shaped, it is called "tubular". If the secretory portion of a gland is flask shaped, it is called "alveolar" or "acinar". If the secretory portion of a gland is a tube shaped but at the terminus is flask shaped, it is called "tubuloalveolar".

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187. Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?

Explanation

The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus. Thus, the myometrium is composed of muscle tissue.

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188. What is the primary cell of the intestinal epithelium of the large intestine?

Explanation

The major cell of the lining epithelium of the large intestine is the columnar absorptive cell.

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189. What cells of the pancreas secrete somatostatin?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas.

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190. Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?

Explanation

Of the four basic tissue types (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle and nervous tissue), connective tissue is the most diverse. The pubic symphysis, ligaments, areolar tissue, and organ capsules are all composed of connective tissue. The spinal cord is composed of nervous tissue.

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191. Which connective tissue cell is derived from B lymphocytes?

Explanation

Plasma cells are derived from B lymphocytes.

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192. What is the classification of the pancreas?

Explanation

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is housed in the islets of Langerhans. Within the islets, there are several cell types. The alpha cells secrete glucagon. The beta cells secrete insulin. The delta cells secrete somatostain. The gamma cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

The acini is the exocrine portion of the pancreas.

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193. Which connective tissue cell type secretes histamine?

Explanation

Mast cells secrete histamine. The also secrete heparin, SRS-A (slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, ECF-A (eosinophilic chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis.

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194. Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?

Explanation

Specialized connective tissue includes cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood and hemopoietic tissue, and lymphatic tissue.

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195. What do you call the space where a chondrocyte sits in?

Explanation

A lacuna is a small space or depression. The space that the chondrocyte rests in is a lacuna.

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196. What is the dura mater composed of?

Explanation

The meninges cover the brain and spinal cord. The dura mater is the outer meninx. The dura mater is composed of dense irregular connective tissue.

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197. Which of the following lines the ventricles?

Explanation

Neuroglia are the supporting cells of the central nervous system. Sometimes, neuroglia called glial cells or glia. Astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia are all neuroglia.

Of the neuroglia cells, astrocytes are the most abundant and the largest. These are star shaped cells involved in the blood brain barrier.

Ependymal cells line the ventricles and spinal canal.

Oligodendrocytes form myelin in the central nervous system.

Microglia are the central nervous system macrophages.

Schwann cells are seen in the peripheral nervous system and are not considered neuroglia. Schwann cells are responsible for the myelination of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

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198. Which type of neuron is also called an internuncial neuron?

Explanation

Interneurons are also called internuncial neurons.

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199. What are Sharpey's fibers?

Explanation

Sharpey's fibers are collagen fibers that extend into a bone at an angle.

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200. Which type of neuron is most abundant?

Explanation

The vast majority of neurons are interneurons.

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What is the term for the general process that cells us to bring things...
Where are ribosomes constructed?
Which organelle is studded with ribosomes?
Where is the site of protein synthesis?
What type of tissue lines the bladder
What type of epithelial cells are as tall as they are wide?
What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood...
Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the posterior 1/3 of...
What type of gland secretes its product through a duct or tube?
What type of tissue lines blood vessels?
What type of epithelium is more than one layer thick?
What type of epithelium appears stratified, but is not?
What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?
What type of epithelium is composed of flat cells?
What is a gland called if it has an branched duct?
What type of tissue lines the esophagus?
Which organ has a mucosa lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous...
What type of epithelium is one cell layer thick?
What forms the striated border?
What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?
What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?
What are the modifications of the muscularis externa that is seen on...
What does connective tissue develop from?
Which connective tissue cell type produces the ground substance in...
What type of connective tissue is an undifferentiated tissue found in...
Which of the following would be best suited to visualize lipid?
What cells of the pancreas secrete pancreatic polypeptide?
What are most neurons in the body?
What type of basic tissue type is cartilage?
Which type of cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus?
Which of the following is involved in the blood brain barrier?
Which of the following is an element of the central nervous system?
Which type of cartilage is the most abundant?
What is the connective tissue covering which surrounds cartilage?
What is compact bone?
What type of basic tissue type is bone?
What is dense bone?
What is the space that an osteocyte rests in?
What surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers?
What is cancellous bone?
What is the covering of a bone?
What forms the skeleton of the fetus?
Which fiber type has more myoglobin?
Where is cardiac muscle found?
What is released at a synapse?
What type of muscle is composed of spindle shaped cells?
Which of the following is composed of cardiac muscle?
Which fiber type has a lot of mitochondria?
What is the role of the condenser lens?
On a microscope, what structure varies the diameter of the cone of...
Where do you place the slide when using a microscope?
Where is thick skin found?
Which type of microscope has only one lens?
Which layer of the epidermis is present only in thick skin?
Which organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?
What is the term for the general process that cells us to expunge...
Which organelle sorts and packages proteins within a cell?
What are the folds on the inner mitochodrial membrane called?
What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?
Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
Which connective tissue cell type produces collagen?
Which of the following forms myelin in the central nervous system?
What is the connective tissue covering around the brain and spinal...
Which of the following is an organelle?
What type of tissue lines most ducts?
Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system?
What cell produces the cartilaginous matrix?
What is the connective tissue covering of a muscle fascicle?
Which fiber type is seen in skeletal muscle?
Where is thick skin found?
Which of the following stains is used for routine histological...
What type of gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream?
What is a gland called if it has an unbranched duct?
What type of tissue composes the kidney tubules?
Which is the most abundant fiber in connective tissue?
Which type of cartilage forms the symphysis pubis?
Regarding the blood supply to cartilage:
What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?
Which of the following contains a substantial amount of smooth muscle?
Which layer is NOT present in masticatory epithelium?
Which of the following is a unicellular gland?
What type of tissue makes up the dermis of the skin?
Which one of these cells is not a cell type routinely found in loose...
Which type of cartilage is found in the external ear?
How many neurons are in the body of man?
What is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central...
What is bone formation called when the bone is formed directly,...
What is the primary component of yellow marrow?
Which of the following is composed of skeletal muscle?
What is the light band in muscle?
Which of the following is the most abundant sensory receptor of the...
Which of the following is an acid dye?
Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?
The papillary layer is part of which layer?
Which of the following layers comprise the skin?
What is a gland called if the secretory portion is tube shaped ending...
What type of epithelium forms the epidermis?
What is the outer gray matter of the brain called?
What are the gaps that occur within the myelin sheath?
What sits in a lacuna?
What is another term for the cell body of a neuron?
What is actin?
What is the outer connective tissue covering of a muscle?
Which cell is a mechanoreceptors?
Which of the following is composed of stratified squamous epithelium?
Which fiber type is more resistant to fatigue?
Which layer of the epidermis contains star shaped cells?
What forms the brush border?
What type of epithelial cells are taller than they are wide?
What type of epithelium has dome shaped cells on the apical surface?
Which cell is a connective tissue macrophage?
Which of the following can be classified as "specialized...
Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?
Which of the following can be classified as "specialized...
What cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?
What type of tissue makes up the "Adam's apple"?
Which of the following forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic...
Which of the following are considered to be part of the meninges?
Which of the following is supporting cell of the central nervous...
What is the mature cell in cartilage called?
What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?
What structure is called yellow cartilage?
What are neurons in the retina?
What is the mature bone cell called?
What type of muscle is always multinucleated?
What is another term for muscle cells?
What is the turret?
What type of muscle contains actin and myosin?
On a microscope, what structure connects the eyepiece to the objective...
What type of muscle has branching cells?
A sarcomere is defined as the segment from _____ to ____?
Which layer of the epidermis contains dividing cells?
Which organelle contains detoxifying enzymes?
Which of the following is NOT a fiber found in connective tissue?
Which cell is the mature bone cell?
What is spongy bone?
What type of muscle has visible cross striations?
When using a compound microscope, objective lenses can be found to...
What is the usual magnification of the ocular lens on a compound...
Which of the following is NOT considered an epidermal appendage?
Which sensory receptor in the skin is NOT encapsulated?
What do you call a tissue composed of a conglomeration of cells which...
Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue...
What type of tissue is a ligament composed of?
Which of the following can be classified as "embryonic connective...
What is the cell body of a neuron called?
How many types of cartilage are there?
Which type of cartilage forms the articular surface on bones?
What surrounds a nerve?
Which cell type is responsible for bone breakdown?
What cell is an immature bone cell?
What forms the articular surface on bones?
What is myosin?
What region is made of thin filaments?
Which fiber type fatigues more readily?
What are the thick filaments composed of?
Which fiber type uses more aerobic metabolism?
What is the innervation of an eccrine sweat gland?
The reticular layer is part of which layer?
Which cell is the most abundant cell in the epidermis?
Which organelle produces protein for export?
Which of the following responds to pain?
What is another term for the intestinal glands?
Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue...
What cell is involved in bone resorption?
What is woven bone?
Which type of bone has spicules?
What is white matter?
What is in the bone matrix?
What is the lining of the inner bone on the side which abuts the...
What is the maximum resolving power seen with a compound microscope?
What is the bottom of a microscope called?
What is the innervation of an apocrine sweat gland?
Which of the following can be classified as "specialized...
What cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?
What are the spicules on spongy bone called?
Which cell is responsible for skin pigmentation?
Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
What process is nicknamed "cell drinking"?
Where is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?
What are the finger like projections of mucosa that are seen in the...
What are the folds of the stomach called?
Which of the following is NOT lined by a serosa?
Which cells secrete pepsinogen?
What is another term for an acinar gland?
Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?
What is the primary cell of the intestinal epithelium of the large...
What cells of the pancreas secrete somatostatin?
Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?
Which connective tissue cell is derived from B lymphocytes?
What is the classification of the pancreas?
Which connective tissue cell type secretes histamine?
Which of the following can be classified as "specialized...
What do you call the space where a chondrocyte sits in?
What is the dura mater composed of?
Which of the following lines the ventricles?
Which type of neuron is also called an internuncial neuron?
What are Sharpey's fibers?
Which type of neuron is most abundant?
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