Histology MCQ
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- 1.When using a compound microscope, objective lenses can be found to have a magnification of all of the following, EXCEPT?
- A.
4X
- B.
10X
- C.
40X
- D.
100X
- E.
1000X
- 2.What is "compound microscope"?
- A.
Microscope with the capability to view oil immersion
- B.
Microscope with the capability to view compounds
- C.
Microscope with a single lens
- D.
Microscope with two lenses
- E.
Microscope with three lenses
- 3.
- A.
Magnification of objective lens
- B.
Magnification of ocular lens
- C.
Magnification of ocular lens added to the magnification of the objective lens
- D.
Magnification of ocular lens multiplied by the magnification of the objective
- E.
Magnification of condenser lens multiplied by the magnification of the objective lens
- 4.What is the maximum resolving power seen with a compound microscope?
- A.
2 millimeters
- B.
2 micrometers
- C.
2 angstroms
- 5.What is the turret?
- A.
Base
- B.
Nosepiece
- C.
Stage
- D.
Tube
- E.
Diaphragm
- 6.On a microscope, what structure connects the eyepiece to the objective lens?
- A.
Base
- B.
Nosepiece
- C.
Stage
- D.
Tube
- E.
Diaphragm
- 7.In a good compound microscope, the focus knob does not have to be readjusted when changing the magnification. What is this phenomenon called?
- A.
Parfocal
- B.
Unifocal
- C.
Bifocal
- D.
Focused
- E.
Convergent
- 8.
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 9.
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 10.Which microscope makes things appear three dimensional?
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 11.When using a compound microscope, what is the magnification of the oil immersion lens?
- A.
4X
- B.
10X
- C.
40X
- D.
100X
- E.
1000X
- 12.What is the usual magnification of the ocular lens on a compound microscope?
- A.
1X
- B.
10X
- C.
100X
- D.
1000X
- E.
10,000 X
- 13.When using oil immersion to view a tissue, what is the refractive index of the oil?
- A.
Zero
- B.
Same as air
- C.
Same as glass
- D.
Same as water
- E.
None of the above
- 14.What is the role of the condenser lens?
- A.
Control the aperture of light
- B.
Increase the magnification
- C.
Focus the light on the specimen
- D.
Initial magnification of 10X
- E.
Provide light
- 15.On a microscope, what structure varies the diameter of the cone of light?
- A.
Base
- B.
Nosepiece
- C.
Stage
- D.
Tube
- E.
Diaphragm
- 16.Where do you place the slide when using a microscope?
- A.
Base
- B.
Nosepiece
- C.
Stage
- D.
Tube
- E.
Diaphragm
- 17.What is the bottom of a microscope called?
- A.
Base
- B.
Nosepiece
- C.
Stage
- D.
Tube
- E.
Diaphragm
- 18.
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 19.Which microscope would be particularly useful for looking at living cells?
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 20.
- A.
Simple microscope
- B.
Compound microscope
- C.
Phase contrast microscope
- D.
Dissection microscope
- E.
Transmission electron microscope
- 21.Which of the following stain blue with H&E stain?
- A.
Cytoplasm
- B.
Collagen fibers
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
Elastic fibers
- E.
Decalcified bone matrix
- 22.What are Sudan stains used primarily for?
- A.
Blood
- B.
Fat
- C.
Nervous tissue
- D.
Elastic fibers
- E.
Decalcified bone matrix
- 23.What is Mucicarmine stain used primarily for?
- A.
Blood
- B.
Fat
- C.
Nervous tissue
- D.
Elastic fibers
- E.
Epithelial mucin
- 24.What is Wright's stain used primarily for?
- A.
Blood
- B.
Fat
- C.
Nervous tissue
- D.
Elastic fibers
- E.
Decalcified bone matrix
- 25.What color do elastic fibers stain with Verhoeff Elastic stain?
- A.
Red/Orange
- B.
Pink/red
- C.
Purple/Red
- D.
Blue/black
- E.
Green/blue
- 26.During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, what step occurs after the tissue is preserved?
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Embedding in paraffin
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 27.During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, how is the tissue preserved?
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Embedding in paraffin
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 28.
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Embedding in paraffin
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 29.Which of the following would be best suited to visualize reticular fibers?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 30.Which of the following would be best suited to visualize lipid?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 31.During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, what allows the tissue to hold its form?
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Embedding in paraffin
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 32.During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, what step occurs after the tissue is embedded in paraffin?
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Rehydration
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 33.
- A.
Fixation
- B.
Embedding in paraffin
- C.
Staining
- D.
Slicing
- E.
Dehydration
- 34.Which of the following is an acid dye?
- A.
Azure II
- B.
Toluidine blue
- C.
Methylene blue
- D.
Eosin
- E.
Thionine
- 35.Which of the following would be best suited for peripheral blood smears?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 36.Which of the following stains is used for routine histological examination?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 37.What is Prussian blue stain used for?
- A.
Sodium
- B.
Potassium
- C.
Calcium
- D.
Copper
- E.
Iron
- 38.What color does hematoxylin stain structures?
- A.
Orange
- B.
Blue
- C.
Pink
- D.
Red
- E.
Green
- 39.Which of the following would be best suited to differentiate collagen fibers from other fibers ?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 40.Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
- A.
Lysosomes
- B.
Peroxisomes
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Ribosomes
- E.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- 41.Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 42.Which organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 43.What structure is at the base of cilia?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Peroxisome
- C.
Microfilaments
- D.
Centrioles
- E.
Nucleoli
- 44.Which of the following is NOT considered an inclusion?
- A.
Pigment
- B.
Glycogen
- C.
Lipid
- D.
Secretory granules
- E.
Mitochondria
- 45.Collectively, what is the cytoplasm and nucleus called?
- A.
Plasmalemma
- B.
Glycocalyx
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cristae
- E.
Ground substance
- 46.How thick is the plasma membrane?
- A.
8-10 angstroms
- B.
8-10 nanometers
- C.
8-10 micrometers
- D.
8-10 millimeters
- E.
None of the above
- 47.What is the term for the general process that cells us to expunge material from the cell?
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Pinocytosis
- D.
Phagocytosis
- E.
Active transport
- 48.Which organelle sorts and packages proteins within a cell?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 49.Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
- A.
Lysosomes
- B.
Filaments
- C.
Peroxisomes
- D.
Mitochondria
- E.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- 50.What are the folds on the inner mitochodrial membrane called?
- A.
Plasmalemma
- B.
Glycocalyx
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cristae
- E.
Ground substance
- 51.Which organelle is involved in lipid metabolism?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 52.Which organelle contains detoxifying enzymes?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Peroxisome
- C.
Microfilaments
- D.
Centrioles
- E.
Nucleoli
- 53.Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
- A.
Microtubules
- B.
Lysosomes
- C.
Peroxisomes
- D.
Mitochondria
- E.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- 54.What is the limiting membrane of a cell?
- A.
Plasmalemma
- B.
Glycocalyx
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cristae
- E.
Ground substance
- 55.What is also called a low resistance junction?
- A.
Tight junction
- B.
Gap junction
- C.
Junctional epithelium
- D.
Junctional complex
- E.
None of the above
- 56.Which of the following is an organelle?
- A.
Pigment
- B.
Glycogen
- C.
Lipid
- D.
Secretory granules
- E.
Mitochondria
- 57.What is the term for the general process that cells us to bring things into the cell?
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Pinocytosis
- D.
Phagocytosis
- E.
Active transport
- 58.Which organelle produces protein for export?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 59.Where are ribosomes constructed?
- A.
Cytoskeleton
- B.
Peroxisome
- C.
Microfilaments
- D.
Centrioles
- E.
Nucleoli
- 60.What is the term for the process used by cells for the transport in of particulate matter?
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Pinocytosis
- D.
Phagocytosis
- E.
Active transport
- 61.What is another term for the cytoplasm outside of organelles?
- A.
Plasmalemma
- B.
Glycocalyx
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cristae
- E.
Ground substance
- 62.What is the a small clear space within a cell?
- A.
Space of Disse
- B.
Space of Mall
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Lacuna
- E.
Howship's lacuna
- 63.Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
- A.
Lysosomes
- B.
Peroxisomes
- C.
Centrioles
- D.
Mitochondria
- E.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- 64.What is the polysaccharide coating that is sometimes found on the cell membrane?
- A.
Plasmalemma
- B.
Glycocalyx
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cristae
- E.
Ground substance
- 65.What process is nicknamed "cell drinking"?
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Pinocytosis
- D.
Phagocytosis
- E.
Active transport
- 66.Which organelle is studded with ribosomes?
- A.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Lysosome
- D.
Golgi apparatus
- E.
Mitochondria
- 67.Where is the site of protein synthesis?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Peroxisome
- C.
Microfilaments
- D.
Centrioles
- E.
Nucleoli
- 68.What structure contributes to the cells cytoskeleton?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Peroxisome
- C.
Microfilaments
- D.
Centrioles
- E.
Nucleoli
- 69.What type of tissue lines the bladder
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 70.What type of tissue lines most ducts?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 71.What type of epithelium is associated with goblet cells?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- 72.What type of epithelial cells are as tall as they are wide?
- A.
Simple
- B.
Stratified
- C.
Squamous
- D.
Cuboidal
- E.
Columnar
- 73.What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels?
- A.
Epithelioid tissue
- B.
Mesothelium
- C.
Endothelium
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Pseudostratified
- 74.What cell type makes up the mucosa of the gallbladder?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 75.Which of the following is lined by a serosa?
- A.
Genitourinary tract
- B.
Peritoneal cavity
- C.
Respiratory tract
- D.
Alimentary canal
- E.
All of the above are lined by a mucosa
- 76.What type of gland secretes its product through a duct or tube?
- A.
Endocrine gland
- B.
Multicellular gland
- C.
Exocrine gland
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 77.What is a gland called if the secretory portion is flask shaped?
- A.
Simple gland
- B.
Compound gland
- C.
Tubular
- D.
Alveolar
- E.
Tubuloalveolar
- 78.What forms the brush border?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 79.What type of epithelium lines the trachea?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- 80.What type of tissue lines blood vessels?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 81.What type of epithelium is more than one layer thick?
- A.
Simple
- B.
Stratified
- C.
Squamous
- D.
Cuboidal
- E.
Columnar
- 82.What do you call a tissue composed of a conglomeration of cells which are tightly packed together, yet which does not have a free surface? An example of such a tissue would be the parenchyma of the adrenal gland.
- A.
Epithelioid tissue
- B.
Mesothelium
- C.
Endothelium
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Pseudostratified
- 83.What type of epithelium appears stratified, but is not?
- A.
Epithelioid tissue
- B.
Mesothelium
- C.
Endothelium
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Pseudostratified
- 84.Which of the following is lined by a mucosa?
- A.
Peritoneal cavity
- B.
Pericardial cavity
- C.
Pleural cavity
- D.
Alimentary canal
- E.
All of the above are lined by a mucosa
- 85.What type of gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream?
- A.
Endocrine gland
- B.
Multicellular gland
- C.
Exocrine gland
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 86.What is a gland called if it has an unbranched duct?
- A.
Simple gland
- B.
Compound gland
- C.
Tubular
- D.
Alveolar
- E.
Tubuloalveolar
- 87.What is a gland called if the secretory portion is tube shaped ending in a flask shaped area at the terminus?
- A.
Simple gland
- B.
Compound gland
- C.
Tubular
- D.
Alveolar
- E.
Tubuloalveolar
- 88.What is the surface modification seen on the cells of the epididymis?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 89.What type of epithelium forms the epidermis?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- 90.What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 91.What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- 92.What type of epithelium is composed of flat cells?
- A.
Simple
- B.
Stratified
- C.
Squamous
- D.
Cuboidal
- E.
Columnar
- 93.What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the abdominal cavity?
- A.
Epithelioid tissue
- B.
Mesothelium
- C.
Endothelium
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Pseudostratified
- 94.What type of epithelium is composed of cells which all touch the basement membrane and is only one cell layer thick?
- A.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- B.
Transitional epithelium
- C.
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
- D.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- E.
None of the above
- 95.Which of the following is NOT lined by a mucosa?
- A.
Genitourinary tract
- B.
Pericardial cavity
- C.
Respiratory tract
- D.
Alimentary canal
- E.
All of the above are lined by a mucosa
- 96.What is a gland called if it has an branched duct?
- A.
Simple gland
- B.
Compound gland
- C.
Tubular
- D.
Alveolar
- E.
Tubuloalveolar
- 97.What are finger like projections on the surface of some cells called?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 98.What cell surface modification is made of microtubules?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 99.What type of tissue composes the kidney tubules?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 100.What type of tissue lines the esophagus?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 101.What type of epithelium is one cell layer thick?
- A.
Simple
- B.
Stratified
- C.
Squamous
- D.
Cuboidal
- E.
Columnar
- 102.What type of epithelial cells are taller than they are wide?
- A.
Simple
- B.
Stratified
- C.
Squamous
- D.
Cuboidal
- E.
Columnar
- 103.What type of epithelium has dome shaped cells on the apical surface?
- A.
Epithelioid tissue
- B.
Mesothelium
- C.
Endothelium
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Pseudostratified
- 104.Which of the following is NOT lined by a serosa?
- A.
Peritoneal cavity
- B.
Pericardial cavity
- C.
Pleural cavity
- D.
Respiratory tract
- E.
All of the above are lined by a serosa
- 105.Which of the following is a unicellular gland?
- A.
Squamous cell
- B.
Goblet cell
- C.
Basal cell
- D.
Basket cell
- E.
Sertoli cell
- 106.What forms the striated border?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 107.What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Both a and b
- 108.What is another term for an acinar gland?
- A.
Simple gland
- B.
Compound gland
- C.
Tubular
- D.
Alveolar
- E.
Tubuloalveolar
- 109.Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?
- A.
Blood
- B.
Bone
- C.
Tendon
- D.
Intervertebral disc
- E.
Myometrium
- 110.Which of the following is NOT a fiber found in connective tissue?
- A.
Collagen fiber
- B.
Elastic fiber
- C.
Reticular fiber
- D.
Purkinje fiber
- E.
All of the above are fibers found in connective tissue
- 111.Which connective tissue cell type contains properties of smooth muscle cells?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Myofibroblast
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 112.Which cell is a connective tissue macrophage?
- A.
Kupffer cells
- B.
Histiocyte
- C.
Dust cell
- D.
Langerhans cell
- E.
Microglia
- 113.Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?
- A.
Mesenchyme
- B.
Mucous connective tissue
- C.
Dense connective tissue
- D.
Blood
- E.
Loose connective tissue
- 114.Which of the following can be classified as "embryonic connective tissue"?
- A.
Cartilage
- B.
Mucous connective tissue
- C.
Adipose tissue
- D.
Bone
- E.
Blood
- 115.What type of tissue makes up the dermis of the skin?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 116.What type of adipose tissue tends to increase as humans age?
- A.
Brown adipose tissue
- B.
White adipose tissue
- C.
Unilocular adipose tissue
- D.
Multilocular adipose tissue
- E.
White adipose tissue and Unilocular adipose tissue
- 117.Which of the following would be best suited to differentiate collagen fibers from other fibers?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 118.Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?
- A.
Bone marrow
- B.
Articular cartilage
- C.
Heart
- D.
Mesenchyme
- E.
Fat
- 119.Which one of these cells is not a cell type routinely found in loose connective tissue?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Microglia
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 120.Which connective tissue cell is a tissue macrophage?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Myofibroblast
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 121.Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?
- A.
Cartilage
- B.
Loose connective tissue
- C.
Mesenchyme
- D.
Dense connective tissue
- E.
Mucous connective tissue
- 122.Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue proper"?
- A.
Adipose tissue
- B.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- C.
Bone
- D.
Blood
- E.
Cartilage
- 123.What type of tissue is Wharton's jelly?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 124.What type of tissue is a tendon composed of?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 125.What does connective tissue develop from?
- A.
Mesothelium
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Mesangial cells
- D.
Mesentery
- E.
Wharton's jelly
- 126.What color do elastic fibers stain with Verhoeff Elastic stain?
- A.
Red/Orange
- B.
Pink/red
- C.
Purple/Red
- D.
Blue/black
- E.
Green/blue
- 127.Which of the following is a component of the ground substance?
- A.
Hyaluronic acid
- B.
Proteoglycans
- C.
Glycosaminoglycans
- D.
Chondroitin sulfate
- E.
All of the above
- 128.Which of the following is NOT primarily composed of connective tissue?
- A.
Spinal cord
- B.
Pubic symphysis
- C.
Ligament
- D.
Areolar tissue
- E.
Organ capsule
- 129.Which connective tissue cell type produces the ground substance in connective tissue?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Myofibroblast
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 130.Which connective tissue cell is derived from B lymphocytes?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Myofibroblast
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 131.Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?
- A.
Mesenchyme
- B.
Bone
- C.
Dense connective tissue
- D.
Mucous connective tissue
- E.
Loose connective tissue
- 132.Which of the following can be classified as "connective tissue proper"?
- A.
Bone
- B.
Blood
- C.
Adipose tissue
- D.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- E.
Cartilage
- 133.What type of connective tissue is an undifferentiated tissue found in the embryo?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 134.What type of tissue is a ligament composed of?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 135.Which of the following is not associated with connective tissue?
- A.
Tightly packed cells
- B.
Extracellular fibers
- C.
Tissue fluid
- D.
Ground substance
- E.
None of the above; all of the above are seen with connective tissue
- 136.Which of the following would be best suited to visualize lipid?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 137.A beauty treatment for the reduction of wrinkles is the injection of hyaluronic acid into the wrinkle. What is hyaluronic acid?
- A.
Dermatan sulfate
- B.
Proteoglycan
- C.
Glycosaminoglycan
- D.
Chondroitin sulfate
- E.
Keratan sulfate
- 138.Which is the most abundant fiber in connective tissue?
- A.
Collagen fiber
- B.
Elastic fiber
- C.
Reticular fiber
- D.
Purkinje fiber
- E.
Muscle fibers
- 139.Which connective tissue cell type produces collagen?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Connective tissue macrophage
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 140.Which connective tissue cell type secretes histamine?
- A.
Fibroblast
- B.
Myofibroblast
- C.
Histiocyte
- D.
Plasma cell
- E.
Mast cell
- 141.Which of the following can be classified as "specialized connective tissue"?
- A.
Loose connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Adipose tissue
- D.
Mucous connective tissue
- E.
Dense connective tissue
- 142.Which of the following can be classified as "embryonic connective tissue"?
- A.
Adipose tissue
- B.
Bone
- C.
Blood
- D.
Cartilage
- E.
Mesenchyme
- 143.What is areolar tissue?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 144.What type of adipose tissue tends to decrease as humans age?
- A.
Brown adipose tissue
- B.
White adipose tissue
- C.
Unilocular adipose tissue
- D.
Multilocular adipose tissue
- E.
Brown adipose tissue and Multilocular adipose tissue
- 145.Which of the following would be best suited to visualize reticular fibers?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Masson's trichrome stain
- 146.What type of basic tissue type is cartilage?
- A.
Muscle
- B.
Nervous
- C.
Cartilage
- D.
Epithelium
- E.
Connective tissue
- 147.How many types of cartilage are there?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- E.
5
- 148.What do you call the space where a chondrocyte sits in?
- A.
Space of Disse
- B.
Space of Mall
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Lacuna
- E.
Howship's Lacuna
- 149.What stain would be best to demonstrate the elastic fibers in elastic cartilage?
- A.
Wright's stain
- B.
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
- C.
Sudan stain
- D.
Silver impregnation
- E.
Resorcin fuchsin and orcein
- 150.Which type of cartilage is found in the walls of the eustachian tube?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 151.Which type of cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 152.What type of tissue makes up the "Adam's apple"?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Elastic cartilage
- D.
Hyaline cartilage and Fibrocartilage
- E.
Hyaline cartilage and Elastic cartilage
- 153.Which type of cartilage forms the intervertebral disc?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 154.Which type of cartilage forms the hammer, anvil and stirrup?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 155.Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 156.Which type of cartilage is highly vascular?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 157.What cell produces the cartilaginous matrix?
- A.
Chondrocyte
- B.
Chondroblast
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoclast
- E.
Bone lining cell
- 158.Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
Hyaline cartilage and Elastic cartilage
- E.
All of the above
- 159.Which of the following is NOT a glycosaminoglycan in cartilage?
- A.
Chondroitin sulfate
- B.
Proteoglycans
- C.
Keratan sulfate
- D.
Hyaluronic acid
- E.
All of the above are glycosaminoglycans in cartilage
- 160.Which type of cartilage is characterized by a glassy matrix?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 161.Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes sitting in lacunae?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 162.Which type of cartilage is the most abundant?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
Hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage equally
- E.
Elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage equally
- 163.Which type of cartilage forms the articular surface on bones?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 164.Which type of cartilage is found in the external ear?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 165.Costal cartilage is composed of what type of cartilage?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 166.Which type of cartilage forms the symphysis pubis?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 167.What structure is called white cartilage?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 168.What is the connective tissue covering which surrounds cartilage?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Perichondrium
- D.
Perineurium
- E.
Endosteum
- 169.Where does cartilage come from?
- A.
Ectoderm
- B.
Endoderm
- C.
Mesenchyme
- D.
Connective tissue
- E.
None of the above
- 170.What is the mature cell in cartilage called?
- A.
Chondrocyte
- B.
Chondroblast
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoclast
- E.
Bone lining cell
- 171.Regarding the blood supply to cartilage:
- A.
Cartilage has minimal circulation
- B.
Cartilage has a duel circulation
- C.
Cartilage is highly vascular
- D.
Cartilage is avascular
- E.
There is nothing unique about the blood supply to cartilage
- 172.Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of thick bundles of collagen fibers?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 173.What percent of the matrix of cartilage is water?
- A.
0
- B.
10-40
- C.
40-60
- D.
60-80
- E.
80-100
- 174.Which type of cartilage forms the epiphyseal growth plate?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 175.What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Elastic cartilage
- D.
Hyaline cartilage and Fibrocartilage
- E.
Hyaline cartilage and Elastic cartilage
- 176.What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Elastic cartilage
- D.
Hyaline cartilage and Fibrocartilage
- E.
Hyaline cartilage and Elastic cartilage
- 177.Which type of cartilage is present in the temporomandibular joint?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 178.What structure is called yellow cartilage?
- A.
Hyaline cartilage
- B.
Elastic cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 179.What is compact bone?
- A.
Dense bone
- B.
Woven bone
- C.
Immature bone
- D.
Cancellous bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 180.What cell is involved in bone resorption?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 181.What type of basic tissue type is bone?
- A.
Epithelium
- B.
Connective tissue
- C.
Muscle
- D.
Nervous
- E.
Bone
- 182.What is woven bone?
- A.
Cancellous bone
- B.
Compact bone
- C.
Dense bone
- D.
Immature bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 183.What are the spicules on spongy bone called?
- A.
Canaliculi
- B.
Sharpey's fibers
- C.
Trabeculae
- D.
Tome's process
- E.
Lacuna
- 184.Which cell type is responsible for bone breakdown?
- A.
Chondrocyte
- B.
Chondroblast
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoclast
- E.
Bone lining cell
- 185.What is bone formation called when the bone is formed directly, without using a cartilage template?
- A.
Intraosseous
- B.
En bloc
- C.
Intramembranous
- D.
Endochondral
- E.
Endosteum
- 186.What forms the epiphyseal growth plate?
- A.
Elastic cartilage
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Hyaline cartilage
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 187.Which type of bone has spicules?
- A.
Immature bone
- B.
Dense bone
- C.
Compact bone
- D.
Cancellous bone
- E.
Woven bone
- 188.What sits in a lacuna?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 189.What is dense bone?
- A.
Immature bone
- B.
Cancellous bone
- C.
Compact bone
- D.
Woven bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 190.Which cell is a resting osteoblast?
- A.
Chondrocyte
- B.
Chondroblast
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoclast
- E.
Bone lining cell
- 191.What are the mineral crystals in bone called?
- A.
Hydroxyapatite
- B.
Calcite
- C.
Tourmaline
- D.
Rubellite
- E.
Indicolite
- 192.What is the cylindrical structure in compact bone?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 193.What are Sharpey's fibers?
- A.
Elastic fibers
- B.
Collagen fibers
- C.
Reticular fibers
- D.
Trabeculae
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 194.What is the space that an osteocyte rests in?
- A.
Canaliculi
- B.
Sharpey's fibers
- C.
Trabeculae
- D.
Tome's process
- E.
Lacuna
- 195.What is bone formation called when the bone is formed from a cartilage template?
- A.
Intraosseous
- B.
En bloc
- C.
Intramembranous
- D.
Endochondral
- E.
Endosteum
- 196.What is the primary component of red marrow?
- A.
Hematopoietic tissue
- B.
Fat
- C.
Cartilage
- D.
Fibrous tissue
- E.
Bone
- 197.What cell is an immature bone cell?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 198.What is bundle bone?
- A.
Cancellous bone
- B.
Compact bone
- C.
Dense bone
- D.
Spongy bone
- E.
Immature bone
- 199.What is cancellous bone?
- A.
Dense bone
- B.
Woven bone
- C.
Immature bone
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 200.What cell is involved in laying down new bone?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 201.What is in the bone matrix?
- A.
Elastic fibers
- B.
Collagen fibers
- C.
Reticular fibers
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 202.What are the small tunnels seen in bone?
- A.
Canaliculi
- B.
Sharpey's fibers
- C.
Trabeculae
- D.
Tome's process
- E.
Lacuna
- 203.What is the hollow area underneath an osteoclast called?
- A.
Space of Disse
- B.
Space of Mall
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Lacuna
- E.
Howship's lacuna
- 204.What is the covering of a bone?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Perichondrium
- D.
Perineurium
- E.
Endosteum
- 205.What forms the articular surface on bones?
- A.
Spongy bone
- B.
Compact bone
- C.
Hyaline cartilage
- D.
Elastic cartilage
- E.
Fibrocartilage
- 206.What is the primary component of yellow marrow?
- A.
Hematopoietic tissue
- B.
Fat
- C.
Cartilage
- D.
Fibrous tissue
- E.
Bone
- 207.What is another term for the Haversian system?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 208.What is nonlamellar bone?
- A.
Woven bone
- B.
Dense bone
- C.
Cancellous bone
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 209.What is the mature bone cell called?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 210.What is immature bone?
- A.
Dense bone
- B.
Woven bone
- C.
Cancellous bone
- D.
Compact bone
- E.
Spongy bone
- 211.What is unmineralized bone matrix?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 212.What are the collagen fibers that extend into bone at an angle called?
- A.
Canaliculi
- B.
Sharpey's fibers
- C.
Trabeculae
- D.
Tome's process
- E.
Lacuna
- 213.Which cell is the mature bone cell?
- A.
Chondrocyte
- B.
Chondroblast
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoclast
- E.
Bone lining cell
- 214.What is the lining of the inner bone on the side which abuts the medullary cavity?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Perichondrium
- D.
Perineurium
- E.
Endosteum
- 215.What forms the skeleton of the fetus?
- A.
Elastic cartilage
- B.
Hyaline cartilage
- C.
Fibrocartilage
- D.
Spongy bone
- E.
Compact bone
- 216.Which of the following is a multinucleated cell?
- A.
Osteoclast
- B.
Osteon
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoblast
- E.
Osteoid
- 217.What is spongy bone?
- A.
Immature bone
- B.
Compact bone
- C.
Cancellous bone
- D.
Dense bone
- E.
Woven bone
- 218.What is the connective tissue covering of a muscle fascicle?
- A.
Sarcolemma
- B.
Endomysium
- C.
Epimysium
- D.
Sarcoplasm
- E.
Perimysium
- 219.What is actin?
- A.
Myofilament
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Muscle fibers
- D.
Myofibrils
- E.
Myocardium
- 220.Which of the following is composed of smooth muscle?
- A.
Upper esophagus
- B.
Heart
- C.
Tongue
- D.
Biceps muscle
- E.
Walls of the visceral organs
- 221.What is a receptor in muscle?
- A.
Motor unit
- B.
Motor neuron
- C.
Motor end plate
- D.
Neuromuscular spindle
- E.
Neurotransmitter
- 222.
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 223.Which fiber type is make up fast-twitch muscle?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 224.Which fiber type has more myoglobin?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 225.Which fiber type gets its energy primarily from glycogen?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 226.Which fiber type is seen in skeletal muscle?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 227.What is line that bisects the dark band in muscle?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 228.What is the outer connective tissue covering of a muscle?
- A.
Epimysium
- B.
Sarcoplasm
- C.
Perimysium
- D.
Sarcolemma
- E.
Endomysium
- 229.What is myosin?
- A.
Muscle fibers
- B.
Myofibrils
- C.
Myocardium
- D.
Myofilament
- E.
Muscle cell
- 230.Where is cardiac muscle found?
- A.
Myofilaments
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Muscle fibers
- D.
Myofibrils
- E.
Myocardium
- 231.What type of muscle has visible cross striations?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 232.What type of muscle is specialized for contraction?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 233.What is released at a synapse?
- A.
Motor unit
- B.
Motor neuron
- C.
Motor end plate
- D.
Neuromuscular spindle
- E.
Neurotransmitter
- 234.Which fiber type is more resistant to fatigue?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 235.Lance Armstrong is the seven time winner of the Tour de France. The Tour de France is a bicycle race which covers between 3500 to 4000 kilometers. What type of muscle fiber probably predominates in his legs?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 236.What region is made of thin filaments?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 237.On a cross section of a muscle, how many thin filaments surround each thick filament?
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
6
- E.
8
- 238.What is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell called?
- A.
Endomysium
- B.
Sarcolemma
- C.
Sarcoplasm
- D.
Perimysium
- E.
Epimysium
- 239.What are the thin filaments?
- A.
Myocardium
- B.
Myofibrils
- C.
Myofilaments
- D.
Muscle fibers
- E.
Myosin
- 240.Which of the following is composed of skeletal muscle?
- A.
Tongue
- B.
Blood vessel
- C.
Walls of the visceral organs
- D.
Lower esophagus
- E.
Heart
- 241.What type of muscle is composed of spindle shaped cells?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 242.What type of muscle is always multinucleated?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 243.Which fiber type is smaller in diameter?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 244.Which fiber type fatigues more readily?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 245.What type of muscle probably predominates in Charles Atlas, the worlds most famous power weight lifter?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 246.What is line that bisects the light band in muscle?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 247.What is the name of the tissue which surrounds muscle fascicles?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Perichondrium
- D.
Perineurium
- E.
Endosteum
- 248.What is the covering of an individual muscle fiber?
- A.
Sarcoplasm
- B.
Perimysium
- C.
Endomysium
- D.
Epimysium
- E.
Sarcolemma
- 249.What are the thick filaments composed of?
- A.
Myofilaments
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Muscle fibers
- D.
Myofibrils
- E.
Myocardium
- 250.Which of the following is composed of cardiac muscle?
- A.
Biceps muscle
- B.
Tongue
- C.
Heart
- D.
Upper esophagus
- E.
Walls of the visceral organs
- 251.What type of muscle contains centrally placed nuclei?
- A.
Smooth muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Skeletal muscle
- D.
Smooth muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle and Skeletal muscle
- 252.What is the point that a neuron contacts a muscle called?
- A.
Motor unit
- B.
Motor neuron
- C.
Motor end plate
- D.
Neuromuscular spindle
- E.
Neurotransmitter
- 253.Which fiber type makes up slow-twitch muscle?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 254.Which fiber type uses more anaerobic metabolism?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 255.What is the dark band in muscle?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 256.What bisects the H band?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
E band
- E.
M line
- 257.What type of muscle has intercalated discs?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 258.What is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell?
- A.
Epimysium
- B.
Sarcolemma
- C.
Endomysium
- D.
Sarcoplasm
- E.
Perimysium
- 259.What is another term for muscle cells?
- A.
Myofilaments
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Muscle fibers
- D.
Myofibrils
- E.
Myocardium
- 260.Which of the following contains a substantial amount of smooth muscle?
- A.
Upper esophagus
- B.
Blood vessels
- C.
Heart
- D.
Biceps muscle
- E.
Tongue
- 261.What type of muscle contains actin and myosin?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 262.What is a single neuron and the aggregation of muscle fibers innervated by that single neuron called?
- A.
Motor unit
- B.
Motor neuron
- C.
Motor end plate
- D.
Neuromuscular spindle
- E.
Neurotransmitter
- 263.Which fiber type has a lot of mitochondria?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 264.Which fiber type uses more aerobic metabolism?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 265.What is the light band in muscle?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 266.What type of muscle contains sarcomeres?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 267.What type of muscle has branching cells?
- A.
Skeletal muscle
- B.
Cardiac muscle
- C.
Smooth muscle
- D.
Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle
- E.
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
- 268.Which fiber type is seen in smooth muscle?
- A.
Red fibers
- B.
White fibers
- C.
Intermediate fibers
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 269.A sarcomere is defined as the segment from _____ to ____?
- A.
A band
- B.
I band
- C.
Z line
- D.
H band
- E.
M line
- 270.What are the bundle of longitudinal contractile elements within a muscle cell called?
- A.
Myofilaments
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Muscle fibers
- D.
Myofibrils
- E.
Myocardium
- 271.Which of the following is composed of loose connective tissue?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Reticular layer of dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Reticular layer of dermis
- E.
Reticular layer of dermis and Hypodermis
- 272.Where is thick skin found?
- A.
Over the knee
- B.
Sole of the feet
- C.
Breast
- D.
Lips
- E.
All of the above
- 273.Which layer of the epidermis has cells which have keratohyaline granules?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 274.Which cell is a macrophage found in the skin?
- A.
Kupffer cells
- B.
Histiocyte
- C.
Dust cell
- D.
Langerhans cell
- E.
Microglia
- 275.TA new miracle skin cream recently hit the beauty counters which is suppose to stimulate collagen production. Which cell is it supposedly stimulating?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 276.What is the half moon shaped white area on a nail called?
- A.
Lunula
- B.
Eponychium
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Nail bed
- E.
Root
- 277.What is the growing part of the nail?
- A.
Lunula
- B.
Eponychium
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Nail bed
- E.
Root
- 278.What type of glands are the ceruminous glands?
- A.
Sebaceous glands
- B.
Eccrine sweat gland
- C.
Endocrine gland
- D.
Apocrine sweat gland
- E.
Oil gland
- 279.Which of the following is the most abundant sensory receptor of the skin?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 280.Where can hair be found?
- A.
Palms of hand
- B.
Soles of feet
- C.
Urogenital openings
- D.
Lips
- E.
Eyelid
- 281.Which of the following is composed of connective tissue?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Dermis
- E.
Dermis and Hypodermis
- 282.Which of the following is composed of dense irregular connective tissue?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Reticular layer of dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Reticular layer of dermis
- E.
Reticular layer of dermis and Hypodermis
- 283.Where is thick skin found?
- A.
Lips
- B.
Over the knee
- C.
Palms
- D.
Breast
- E.
All of the above
- 284.Which layer of the epidermis is present only in thick skin?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 285.Which cell is a mechanoreceptors?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 286.Which cell is found in the dermis?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 287.What is underneath the nail plate?
- A.
Lunula
- B.
Eponychium
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Nail bed
- E.
Root
- 288.What is the innervation of an eccrine sweat gland?
- A.
Cholinergic; parasympathetic
- B.
Cholinergic; sympathetic
- C.
Adrenergic; parasympathetic
- D.
Adrenergic; sympathetic
- E.
Cholinergic; motor
- 289.Which of the following responds to continuous pressure?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 290.Which of the following is found in the hair follicle?
- A.
Pigment epithelium
- B.
Muller's cells
- C.
Huxley's layer
- D.
Horizontal cells
- E.
Cones
- 291.The reticular layer is part of which layer?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Dermis
- E.
None of the above
- 292.Which of the following is NOT considered an epidermal appendage?
- A.
Sweat gland
- B.
Hair
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Nails
- E.
Sebaceous glands
- 293.Which layer of the epidermis is also called the stratum germinativum?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 294.Which layer of the epidermis is on the surface of the skin?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 295.Which cell is the most abundant cell in the epidermis?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 296.What type of epithelium forms the epidermis?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Pseudostratified epithelium
- 297.What is the portion of the nail which is underneath skin?
- A.
Lunula
- B.
Eponychium
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Nail bed
- E.
Root
- 298.What type of glands are the glands of Moll?
- A.
Endocrine gland
- B.
Apocrine sweat gland
- C.
Oil gland
- D.
Sebaceous glands
- E.
Eccrine sweat gland
- 299.Which of the following responds to vibration and rapidly changing pressure?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 300.Which of the following is a receptor for fine touch which is located in mucous membranes?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 301.Which of the following is composed of stratified squamous epithelium?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Dermis
- E.
Dermis and Hypodermis
- 302.Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?
- A.
Vitamin D production
- B.
Protection from water loss
- C.
Sensory reception
- D.
Heat regulation
- E.
All are functions of skin
- 303.Which layer of the epidermis contains dividing cells?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 304.Which layer of the epidermis contains cells with no nuclei or organelles?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 305.Which cell is a phagocyte?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 306.What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin?
- A.
Microvilli
- B.
Stereocilia
- C.
Cilia
- D.
Keratinization
- E.
Microvilli and Stereocilia
- 307.Where are apocrine sweat glands NOT found?
- A.
Areola
- B.
External genitalia
- C.
Posterior neck
- D.
Axilla
- E.
Circumanal region
- 308.What is the innervation of an apocrine sweat gland?
- A.
Cholinergic; parasympathetic
- B.
Cholinergic; sympathetic
- C.
Adrenergic; parasympathetic
- D.
Adrenergic; sympathetic
- E.
Cholinergic; motor
- 309.Which of the following is a receptor for fine touch which is located in the dermis?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 310.Which of the following is found in the hair follicle?
- A.
Henle's layer
- B.
Bipolar cells
- C.
Amacrine cells
- D.
Rods
- E.
Ganglion cells
- 311.The papillary layer is part of which layer?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Dermis
- E.
None of the above
- 312.Which layer of the epidermis contains star shaped cells?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 313.Which of the following layers comprise the skin?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Hypodermis
- D.
Epidermis and Dermis
- E.
Dermis and Hypodermis
- 314.Which cell is responsible for skin pigmentation?
- A.
Langerhans cell
- B.
Keratinocyte
- C.
Melanocyte
- D.
Merkel cell
- E.
Fibroblast
- 315.Which of the following responds to pain?
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Ruffini's corpuscles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Krause's end bulbs
- E.
Meissner's corpuscle
- 316.What is the correct term for cuticle?
- A.
Lunula
- B.
Eponychium
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Nail bed
- E.
Root
- 317.What color is keratin with Masson's trichrome stain?
- A.
Red
- B.
Pink
- C.
Green
- D.
Black
- E.
Yellow
- 318.What type of tissue makes up the dermis of the skin?
- A.
Mucous connective tissue
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- D.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- E.
Dense regular connective tissue
- 319.What are the pressure receptors in skin called?
- A.
Psammoma bodies
- B.
Corpora arenacea
- C.
Hassall's corpuscles
- D.
Prostatic concretions
- E.
Pacinian corpuscles
- 320.Which sensory receptor in the skin is NOT encapsulated?
- A.
Ruffini endings
- B.
Free nerve endings
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Meissner's corpuscles
- E.
Merkel cells
- 321.Where is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Small intestine
- C.
Ascending colon
- D.
Descending colon
- E.
Stomach and Small intestine equally
- 322.What are the finger like projections of mucosa that are seen in the small intestine?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 323.What is the outer layer of the GI tract called when it is abutting another organ?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 324.Where is masticatory mucosa found
- A.
Tongue underside
- B.
Hard palate
- C.
Soft palate
- D.
Lips
- E.
Cheek
- 325.What is the surface layer of masticatory mucosa composed of?
- A.
Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- B.
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- C.
Simple squamous epithelium
- D.
Pseudostratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- 326.Which layer is NOT present in masticatory epithelium?
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
- E.
Stratum corneum
- 327.Which type of papillae on the tongue is the most abundant?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 328.What is the innermost layer of the GI tract called?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 329.What is the lymphatic capillary within a villus of the small intestine called?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 330.Which type of papillae on the tongue is not well developed in man?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 331.Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
- A.
V
- B.
VII
- C.
IX
- D.
X
- E.
XII
- 332.Which cranial nerve to the tongue is responsible for movement?
- A.
V
- B.
VII
- C.
IX
- D.
X
- E.
XII
- 333.Which cranial nerve is responsible for general sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
- A.
V
- B.
VII
- C.
IX
- D.
X
- E.
XII
- 334.Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
- A.
V
- B.
VII
- C.
IX
- D.
X
- E.
XII
- 335.Which cranial nerve is responsible for general sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
- A.
V
- B.
VII
- C.
IX
- D.
X
- E.
XII
- 336.What covers the tooth that is embedded within the jaw?
- A.
Pulp cavity
- B.
Dentin
- C.
Dental pulp
- D.
Cementum
- E.
Enamel
- 337.What is within the pulp cavity?
- A.
Pulp cavity
- B.
Dentin
- C.
Dental pulp
- D.
Cementum
- E.
Enamel
- 338.What is the central portion of a tooth called?
- A.
Pulp cavity
- B.
Dentin
- C.
Dental pulp
- D.
Cementum
- E.
Enamel
- 339.What covers the visible portion of a tooth ?
- A.
Pulp cavity
- B.
Dentin
- C.
Dental pulp
- D.
Cementum
- E.
Enamel
- 340.What surrounds the pulp cavity?
- A.
Pulp cavity
- B.
Dentin
- C.
Dental pulp
- D.
Cementum
- E.
Enamel
- 341.Which layer contains the lamina propria?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 342.What is another term for the valve of Kerckring?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 343.Which type of papillae on the tongue is the smallest?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 344.Where are Peyer's patches located?
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Small intestine
- D.
Large intestine
- E.
Rectum
- 345.What type of muscle makes up the muscularis externa in the esophagus?
- A.
Smooth
- B.
Striated
- C.
Cardiac
- D.
Smooth and Striated
- E.
Smooth, Striated and Cardiac
- 346.What are mucous surface cells?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 347.Which layer consists of only a single layer of epithelial cells and underlying connective tissue?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 348.What is another term for the brush border?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 349.Which type of papillae on the tongue is arranged in a "V" shape on the tongue?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 350.Which cells secrete intrinsic factor?
- A.
Parietal cells
- B.
Oxyntic cells
- C.
Chief cells
- D.
Mucous neck cells
- E.
Parietal cells and Oxyntic cells
- 351.Which layer contains the lining epithelium?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 352.Which type of papillae on the tongue does NOT contain taste buds?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 353.Which layer contains Auerbach's plexus?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 354.Which cells secrete hydrochloric acid?
- A.
Parietal cells
- B.
Oxyntic cells
- C.
Chief cells
- D.
Mucous neck cells
- E.
Parietal cells and Oxyntic cells
- 355.What is another term for the intestinal glands?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 356.Which organ has a mucosa lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Small intestine
- D.
Large intestine
- E.
Rectum
- 357.What are the folds of the stomach called?
- A.
Ruffled border
- B.
Taeniae coli
- C.
Gastric glands
- D.
Rugae
- E.
Gastric pits
- 358.Which type of papillae on the tongue is mushroom shaped?
- A.
Filiform papillae
- B.
Circumvallate papillae
- C.
Fungiform papillae
- D.
Foliate papillae
- E.
All of the above
- 359.Which layer contains the muscularis mucosa?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 360.What are microvilli called that are seen in the small intestine?
- A.
Lacteal
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 361.Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract contains the gut associated lymphatic tissue?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Submucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Muscularis mucosae
- E.
Serosa
- 362.Which cells secrete pepsinogen?
- A.
Parietal cells
- B.
Oxyntic cells
- C.
Chief cells
- D.
Mucous neck cells
- E.
Parietal cells and Oxyntic cells
- 363.Which layer contains Meissner's plexus?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 364.What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 365.What type of tissue lines the upper esophagus?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 366.What are the modifications of the muscularis externa that is seen on the large intestine?
- A.
Teniae coli
- B.
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
- C.
Plicae circulares
- D.
Striated border
- E.
Villi
- 367.Where are Brunner's glands located?
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Small intestine
- D.
Large intestine
- E.
Rectum
- 368.What is the primary cell of the intestinal epithelium of the large intestine?
- A.
Columnar absorptive cell
- B.
Goblet cell
- C.
Parietal cells
- D.
Paneth cells
- E.
Chief cells
- 369.Which region are goblet cells most numerous?
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Small intestine
- D.
Large intestine
- E.
Anus
- 370.Where is mesothelium found?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Sub mucosa
- C.
Muscularis externa
- D.
Serosa
- E.
Adventitia
- 371.Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Acini
- 372.What are divertiuclae of the mucosa of the gallbladder called?
- A.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
- B.
Ducts of Luschka
- C.
Duct of Wirsung
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- E.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 373.What structure is in the middle of the hepatic lobule?
- A.
Hepatic artery
- B.
Portal triad
- C.
Central vein
- D.
Portal vein
- E.
Sinusoids
- 374.What is the space between the liver sinusoids and the hepatocytes called?
- A.
Space of Disse
- B.
Space of Mall
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Lacuna
- E.
Howship's lacuna
- 375.What is the name of the cellular mass for the endocrine portion of the pancreas?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Acini
- 376.Which structures are part of the portal triad?
- A.
Portal vein
- B.
Hepatic artery
- C.
Central vein
- D.
Sinusoids
- E.
Portal vein and Hepatic artery
- 377.
- A.
Metabolism of bilirubin
- B.
Deamination of amino acids
- C.
Storage of iron
- D.
Storage of copper
- E.
Storage of calcium
- 378.What is the functional unit of the liver?
- A.
Lobule
- B.
Portal triad
- C.
Central vein
- D.
Hepatocyte
- E.
Sinusoids
- 379.What are the valves which regulates the flow of bile into the intestine?
- A.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
- B.
Ducts of Luschka
- C.
Duct of Wirsung
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- E.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 380.What cells of the pancreas secrete somatostatin?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Gamma cells
- 381.What is the opening of the pancreatic duct into the duodenum?
- A.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
- B.
Ducts of Luschka
- C.
Duct of Wirsung
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- E.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 382.Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Acini
- 383.Which of the following clotting factors is NOT produced in the liver?
- A.
Factor I
- B.
Factor II
- C.
Factor IV
- D.
Factor IX
- E.
Factor X
- 384.In what structure does blood run through between the hepatocytes?
- A.
Hepatic artery
- B.
Portal triad
- C.
Central vein
- D.
Portal vein
- E.
Sinusoids
- 385.What is the space called that is located at the portal canal between the hepatocytes and connective tissue?
- A.
Space of Disse
- B.
Space of Mall
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Lacuna
- E.
Howship's lacuna
- 386.What layer is NOT found in the gallbladder?
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Muscularis mucosa
- C.
Muscularis
- D.
Adventita
- E.
Serosa
- 387.What cell type makes up the mucosa of the gallbladder?
- A.
Simple squamous epithelium
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- C.
Simple columnar epithelium
- D.
Stratified squamous epithelium
- E.
Transitional epithelium
- 388.What is the classification of the pancreas?
- A.
Mixed
- B.
Endocrine
- C.
Exocrine
- D.
Both endocrine and exocrine
- E.
None of the above
- 389.Which cell is a hepatic macrophage?
- A.
Kupffer cells
- B.
Histiocyte
- C.
Dust cell
- D.
Langerhans cell
- E.
Microglia
- 390.Where in the pancreas are islets of Langerhans most numerous?
- A.
Head
- B.
Body
- C.
Tail
- D.
Evenly distributed
- E.
Depends on the individual
- 391.What cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Gamma cells
- 392.What is the pancreatic duct?
- A.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
- B.
Ducts of Luschka
- C.
Duct of Wirsung
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- E.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 393.What structure is at the angle of the liver lobule?
- A.
Lobule
- B.
Portal triad
- C.
Central vein
- D.
Hepatocyte
- E.
Sinusoids
- 394.Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
- A.
Cholecystokinin production
- B.
Bile production
- C.
Detoxification
- D.
Albumin production
- E.
Synthesis of clotting factors
- 395.What cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Gamma cells
- 396.What are the connection between the cystic duct and liver?
- A.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
- B.
Ducts of Luschka
- C.
Duct of Wirsung
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- E.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 397.Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
- A.
Conversion of glucose into glycogen
- B.
Storage of glycogen
- C.
Storage of bile
- D.
Storage of fat soluble vitamins
- E.
Cholesterol synthesis
- 398.What cells of the pancreas secrete pancreatic polypeptide?
- A.
Islets of Langerhans
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Delta cells
- E.
Gamma cells
- 399.What are the supporting cells in the central nervous system called?
- A.
Schwann cells
- B.
Basket cells
- C.
Ganglion
- D.
Neuroglia
- E.
Satellite cells
- 400.Which of the following is an element of the peripheral nervous system?
- A.
Receptors
- B.
Brachial plexus
- C.
Ganglia
- D.
Sciatic nerve
- E.
All of the above
- 401.
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Pseudounipolar
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Multipolar
- E.
Unipolar and Pseudounipolar
- 402.
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Perikaryon
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 403.Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system?
- A.
Kupffer cells
- B.
Histiocyte
- C.
Dust cell
- D.
Langerhans cell
- E.
Microglia
- 404.Which type of neuron is multipolar?
- A.
Motor neurons
- B.
Interneurons
- C.
Sensory neurons
- D.
Motor neurons and Interneurons
- E.
All of the above
- 405.What provides tensile strength to a neuron?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Cell bodies
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- E.
Neurofilaments
- 406.Which meninx is made of a delicate web like connective tissue?
- A.
Dura mater
- B.
Arachnoid
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Dura mater and Arachnoid
- E.
All of the above
- 407.What are the conglomerations of gray matter deep within the cerebrum and cerebellum called?
- A.
Tracts
- B.
Islets
- C.
Soma
- D.
Cortex
- E.
Nuclei
- 408.Which of the following is involved in the blood brain barrier?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 409.Which of the following forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
- A.
Schwann cells
- B.
Basket cells
- C.
Ganglion
- D.
Neuroglia
- E.
Satellite cells
- 410.Which of the following is an element of the central nervous system?
- A.
Receptors
- B.
Brachial plexus
- C.
Sciatic nerve
- D.
Ganglia
- E.
Spinal cord
- 411.
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Pseudounipolar
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Multipolar
- E.
Unipolar and Pseudounipolar
- 412.
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Perikaryon
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 413.What is tissue which surrounds a nerve fascicle?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Periosteum
- C.
Perichondrium
- D.
Perineurium
- E.
Endosteum
- 414.The colloquialism "gray matter" refers to somebody using his intellect or reasoning ability. In reality, what is gray matter?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Cell bodies
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- E.
Neurofilaments
- 415.Where is the cerebrospinal fluid?
- A.
Between the dura mater and bone
- B.
Subdural space
- C.
Subarachnoid space
- D.
Between the pia mater and brain
- E.
None of the above
- 416.Which of the following are considered to be part of the meninges?
- A.
Dura mater
- B.
Arachnoid
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Dura mater and Pia mater
- E.
All of the above
- 417.What is the outer gray matter of the brain called?
- A.
Tracts
- B.
Islets
- C.
Soma
- D.
Cortex
- E.
Nuclei
- 418.
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 419.Which of the following is a supporting cell found in the ganglia?
- A.
Schwann cells
- B.
Basket cells
- C.
Ganglion
- D.
Neuroglia
- E.
Satellite cells
- 420.Which of the following is an element of the central nervous system?
- A.
Receptors
- B.
Brachial plexus
- C.
Brain
- D.
Ganglia
- E.
Sciatic nerve
- 421.
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Pseudounipolar
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Multipolar
- E.
Unipolar and Pseudounipolar
- 422.Which of the following is supporting cell of the central nervous system?
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Perikaryon
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 423.How many neurons are in the body of man?
- A.
10,000 (10 to the 4th)
- B.
10,000,000 (10 to the 7th)
- C.
10,000,000,000 (10 to the 10th)
- D.
10,000,000,000,000 (10 to the 13th)
- E.
10,000,000,000,000,000 (10 to the 16th)
- 424.What are the gaps that occur within the myelin sheath?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Cell bodies
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- E.
Neurofilaments
- 425.What is the dura mater composed of?
- A.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- B.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- C.
Dense regular connective tissue
- D.
Simple squamous epithelium
- E.
Nervous tissue
- 426.What is the dura mater composed of?
- A.
Loose irregular connective tissue
- B.
Dense irregular connective tissue
- C.
Dense regular connective tissue
- D.
Simple squamous epithelium
- E.
Nervous tissue
- 427.
- A.
Outer surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum
- B.
Outer surface of the spinal cord
- C.
Inner portion of the spinal cord
- D.
Outer surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum and Outer surface of the spinal cord
- E.
Outer surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum and Inner portion of the spinal cord
- 428.What surrounds a nerve?
- A.
Neurium
- B.
Perineurium
- C.
Epineurium
- D.
Endoneurium
- E.
None of the above
- 429.Which of the following lines the ventricles?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 430.What is a collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the central nervous system called?
- A.
Schwann cells
- B.
Basket cells
- C.
Ganglion
- D.
Neuroglia
- E.
Satellite cells
- 431.What percentage of neurons are interneurons?
- A.
0.1%
- B.
1%
- C.
20%
- D.
80%
- E.
99.9%
- 432.
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Pseudounipolar
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Multipolar
- E.
Unipolar and Pseudounipolar
- 433.
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Perikaryon
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 434.What is the connective tissue covering around the brain and spinal cord?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Cell bodies
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- E.
Neurofilaments
- 435.Which meninx is made of a dense irregular connective tissue?
- A.
Dura mater
- B.
Arachnoid
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Dura mater and Arachnoid
- E.
All of the above
- 436.What is a group of fibers traveling together?
- A.
Tracts
- B.
Islets
- C.
Soma
- D.
Cortex
- E.
Nuclei
- 437.
- A.
Outer surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum
- B.
Outer surface of the spinal cord
- C.
Inner portion of the brain
- D.
Outer surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum and Outer surface of the spinal cord
- E.
Outer surface of the spinal cord and Inner portion of the brain
- 438.Which of the following forms myelin in the central nervous system?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 439.What is the primary component of myelin?
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
Protein
- C.
Carbohydrate
- D.
Lipid
- E.
Protein and Carbohydrate
- 440.Which of the following is found in the cerebellum?
- A.
Schwann cells
- B.
Basket cells
- C.
Ganglion
- D.
Neuroglia
- E.
Satellite cells
- 441.
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Pseudounipolar
- C.
Bipolar
- D.
Multipolar
- E.
Unipolar and Pseudounipolar
- 442.
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Perikaryon
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 443.All of the following are properties of neurons, except:
- A.
High metabolic rate
- B.
Longevity
- C.
Specialized for conduction
- D.
High mitotic rate
- E.
Limited ability for oxygen deprivation
- 444.Which type of neuron is also called an internuncial neuron?
- A.
Sensory neurons
- B.
Motor neurons
- C.
Interneurons
- D.
Sensory neurons and Motor neurons
- E.
All of the above
- 445.What is white matter?
- A.
Meninges
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Cell bodies
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
- E.
Neurofilaments
- 446.What is another term for the cell body of a neuron?
- A.
Tracts
- B.
Islets
- C.
Soma
- D.
Cortex
- E.
Nuclei
- 447.What is the covering of a nerve fiber?
- A.
Neurium
- B.
Perineurium
- C.
Epineurium
- D.
Endoneurium
- E.
None of the above
- 448.Which of the following is the CNS macrophage?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 449.Which of the following is found in the peripheral nervous system?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 450.What is the cell body of a neuron called?
- A.
Ganglion
- B.
Soma
- C.
Astrocyte
- D.
Nissl
- E.
Terminal bouton
- 451.Where is the ependyma found?
- A.
Lining ventricles
- B.
Lining spinal canal
- C.
Covering the brain
- D.
Covering the spinal cord
- E.
Lining ventricles and Lining spinal canal
- 452.Which type of neuron is most abundant?
- A.
Sensory neurons
- B.
Motor neurons
- C.
Interneurons
- D.
Sensory neurons and Motor neurons
- E.
All of the above
- 453.What surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers?
- A.
Neurium
- B.
Perineurium
- C.
Epineurium
- D.
Endoneurium
- E.
None of the above
- 454.Which meninx covers the brain intimately?
- A.
Dura mater
- B.
Arachnoid
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Dura mater and Arachnoid
- E.
All of the above
- 455.
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 456.
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Ependymal cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Microglia
- E.
Schwann cells
- 457.What is the innervation of an eccrine sweat gland?
- A.
Cholinergic; parasympathetic
- B.
Cholinergic; sympathetic
- C.
Adrenergic; parasympathetic
- D.
Adrenergic; sympathetic
- E.
Cholinergic; motor
- 458.What is the innervation of an apocrine sweat gland?
- A.
Cholinergic; parasympathetic
- B.
Cholinergic; sympathetic
- C.
Adrenergic; parasympathetic
- D.
Adrenergic; sympathetic
- E.
Cholinergic; motor
- 459.What is the glomerulus?
- A.
Afferent arteriole
- B.
Efferent arteriole
- C.
Capillary tuft
- D.
Peritubular capillaries
- E.
Vasa recta
- 460.What is a renal pyramid and its associated cortex referred to?
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Lobe
- C.
Renal columns
- D.
Nephron
- E.
Medullary ray
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