Genetics - 20 Difficult Questions

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| By Kar

Kar, Assistant Professor (Biochemistry)

Karthikeyan Pethusamy is an assistant professor in the Department of Biochemistry at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi

Quizzes Created: 33 | Total Attempts: 46,638

Questions: 20 | Attempts: 2,477 | Updated: Mar 22, 2023

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Genetics - 20 Difficult Questions - Quiz

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Questions and Answers

1.

Klenow fragment lacks
- A.
  
  5'→3' polymerase
- B.
  
  3'→5' exonuclease
- C.
  
  5'→3' exonuclease activity
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. 5'→3' exonuclease activity

Explanation
Klenow Fragment is a fragment of DNA polymerase I. It was used in PCR

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2.

Similarity between DNA polymerase and Glycogen synthase
- A.
  
  Both need a primer
- B.
  
  Both enzymes are processive in adding substrates
- C.
  
  Either of the above
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. Either of the above

Explanation
processiivity is the ability to continue of continous addition without dissociating from its substrate.

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1
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3.

Basic protein that binds to DNA in spermatid
- A.
  
  Histone
- B.
  
  Protamine
- C.
  
  Polyamine
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
B. Protamine

Explanation
protamines are small arginine-rich proteins helping in sperm head stabilization in the sperm head

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4.

Signal recognition particle contains
- A.
  
  28S RNA
- B.
  
  60S RNA
- C.
  
  40S RNA
- D.
  
  7S RNA
Correct Answer
D. 7S RNA

Explanation
SRP is a ribonucleoprotein that binds to N-terminal signal sequence of the proteins to be associated with ER.

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2
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5.

Possibly more than 90% of genome is transcribed.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Not all of them are translated. Many of them are long non coding RNA, rRNA, snRNA, miRNA, SnoRNA, SiRNA.

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6.

Carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by
- A.
  
  TFIID
- B.
  
  TFIIA
- C.
  
  TFIIB
- D.
  
  TFIIH
Correct Answer
D. TFIIH

Explanation
TFIIH has helicase and kinase activity. CTD phosphorylation is important for the elongation to begin.

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7.

Special transcription factors bind to
- A.
  
  TATA box
- B.
  
  Inr element
- C.
  
  DPE
- D.
  
  CAAT box
Correct Answer
D. CAAT box

Explanation
others are cis-elements for binding of trans acting basal transcription factors.

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8.

Which is NOT a DNA binding domain ?(Don't worry, No marks for this question)
- A.
  
  Zinc finger
- B.
  
  Helix-turn-Helix
- C.
  
  Helix-loop-helix
- D.
  
  Basic domains
Correct Answer
C. Helix-loop-helix

Explanation
Helix loop helix won't bind to DNA. It is a dimerization domain like leucine zipper. (Very important)
(ps I'll try to make a video for this topic)

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9.

Which is a template independent DNA polymerase ?
- A.
  
  Poly A polymerase
- B.
  
  CCA adding enzyme
- C.
  
  Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

Explanation
Usually DNA & Polymerases need a template.
But certain polymerases are unique and can add nucleotides without a template.

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10.

Sequence of an intron always starts and ends with(Don't worry, No marks for this question)
- A.
  
  GU,AG
- B.
  
  AG,GU
- C.
  
  GA,GU
- D.
  
  UG,AG
Correct Answer
A. GU,AG

Explanation
The correct answer is GU,AG. This is because the sequence of an intron always starts with GU and ends with AG. This is a consensus sequence that is recognized by the spliceosome, which is responsible for removing introns from pre-mRNA during the process of splicing. The GU at the 5' end of the intron is recognized by the U1 snRNP, while the AG at the 3' end is recognized by the U2AF protein. These sequences are essential for proper splicing and the removal of introns from the mRNA transcript.

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11.

RNA splicing requires ATP hydrolysis.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
As the number of phosphate-ester bond is unchanged, no energy is consumed.

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12.

Instead of poly A tail histone pre-mRNA has stem-loop structure.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Fact !

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13.

5S RNA is transcribed by
- A.
  
  RNA polymerase I
- B.
  
  RNA polymerase II
- C.
  
  RNA polymerase III
- D.
  
  All of the above
Correct Answer
C. RNA polymerase III

Explanation
All rRNAs are transcribed by RNAP I except 5sRNA.

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14.

Self-splicing is mediated by (No marks for this question!!!)
- A.
  
  Adenosine
- B.
  
  Guanosine
- C.
  
  Cytosine
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
B. Guanosine

Explanation
Splicesome mediated splicing requires OH group of adenosine.

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15.

Promoters of eukaryotic tRNA lie within the gene itself.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Intergenic promoters.

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16.

Which amino acid(s) is/are coded by a single codon
- A.
  
  Tryptophan
- B.
  
  Methionine
- C.
  
  Both
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
C. Both

Explanation
AUG for methionine and UGG for tryptophan

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17.

ApoB48 & apoB100 production is due to
- A.
  
  Alternative splicing
- B.
  
  MRNA editing
- C.
  
  Alternative polyadenylation
- D.
  
  MRNA silencing
Correct Answer
B. MRNA editing

Explanation
CAA, 2152 nd nucleotide of 4536 long apoB100 mRNA is acted upon by cytosine deaminase to produce UAA, stop codon resulting in production of apoB48.

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18.

Mirtrons are miRNAs located in introns
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Fact !

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19.

All ribonucleases are ribozymes
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
RNAse P is the only ribozyme among ribonucleases.

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20.

During translation, initiator tRNA binds to
- A.
  
  A site
- B.
  
  P site
- C.
  
  E site
- D.
  
  None
Correct Answer
B. P site

Explanation
initiator tRNA is the only tRNA that comes and binds to P site. All others will bind to A site.

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Current Version
Mar 22, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Jan 27, 2015

Quiz Created by
Kar

Genetics - 20 Difficult Questions

Klenow fragment lacks

Similarity between DNA polymerase and Glycogen synthase

Basic protein that binds to DNA in spermatid

Signal recognition particle contains

Possibly more than 90% of genome is transcribed.

Carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by

Special transcription factors bind to

Which is NOT a DNA binding domain ?(Don't worry, No marks for this question)

Which is a template independent DNA polymerase ?

Sequence of an intron always starts and ends with(Don't worry, No marks for this question)

RNA splicing requires ATP hydrolysis.

Instead of poly A tail histone pre-mRNA has stem-loop structure.

5S RNA is transcribed by

Self-splicing is mediated by (No marks for this question!!!)

Promoters of eukaryotic tRNA lie within the gene itself.

Which amino acid(s) is/are coded by a single codon

ApoB48 & apoB100 production is due to

Mirtrons are miRNAs located in introns

All ribonucleases are ribozymes

During translation, initiator tRNA binds to