Functional Neuro Practice Exam

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  • 1/28 Questions

    When assessing feeding, which of these should be addressed before the others?

    • Positioning
    • Swallowing
    • Lip closure
    • Ability to use adaptive equipment
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Functional Neuro Practice Exam - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Margaret has Guillain-Barre Syndrome and has little function in her hands. She is no longer using a feeding tube and is learning to feed herself again. Previous attempts to use built up silverware were unsuccessful. Now, you are trying to help her use a universal cuff. Before trying this adaptive equipment, what should you do?

    • Give support for arm with a table

    • Make sure patient is sitting up straight

    • Stabilize wrist

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
  • 3. 

    Which is not an appropriate intervention for someone with brain damage?

    • Using spoons to demonstrate bathing ADLs

    • Transfers from bed to wheelchair

    • Bed mobility: EOB to perform ADLs

    • BADLs

    Correct Answer
    A. Using spoons to demonstrate bathing ADLs
    Explanation
    An abstraction of spoons meant to be cleaning products would be too difficult of a concept to grasp. If you are demonstrating bathing techniques, use the actual items you need.

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  • 4. 

    Kathy has a trach and reports feeling stuffy. What should you do?

    • Ask her to blow her nose

    • Get a nurse

    • Give her a face massage, starting at the temples and moving in toward the nose

    • Put a tissue over her trach and ask her to cough

    Correct Answer
    A. Put a tissue over her trach and ask her to cough
    Explanation
    Put on gloves first!

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is false regarding MS?

    • Fatigue can be debilitating and affect many areas of occupation

    • Cold temperatures can exacerbate symptoms

    • MS can cause vision problems

    • MS causes an increase in serotonin

    Correct Answer
    A. MS causes an increase in serotonin
    Explanation
    C: Vision problems occur in 80% of patients. Often these are optic neuritis (optic nerve becomes inflamed), blurred vision, scotoma (blind spot), diplopia (double vision), and decreased acuity.
    D: MS causes a decrease in serotonin. People often see signs of depression before they realize they have MS. Because it is often diagnosed after the birth of a child, many people think it is postpartum depression.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following is not an energy conservation/ work simplification technique?

    • Good posture

    • Organizing work area

    • Holding breath while moving heavy objects

    • Avoiding emotional stress

    Correct Answer
    A. Holding breath while moving heavy objects
    Explanation
    Not holding breath is an EC/WS technique.

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  • 7. 

    When working with someone who is at Rancho V, which of these is the least appropriate?

    • Assisting with ADLs

    • Having the TV on during treatment to encourage blocking external stimuli

    • Discussing daily routine problems with patient

    • Discussing family

    Correct Answer
    A. Having the TV on during treatment to encourage blocking external stimuli
    Explanation
    Rancho 5 patients are confused. Having the TV on during therapy is even difficult for people who have not had a brain injury.

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  • 8. 

    What is not an appropriate intervention to work on with someone who has c-spine precautions?

    • EOB BADLs

    • Hand manipulation

    • Alertness

    • Sensation

    Correct Answer
    A. EOB BADLs
    Explanation
    You shouldn't get people with c-spine precautions to the edge of the bed because they could further injure themselves.

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  • 9. 

    At what Rancho level would it be most appropriate to do a cooking task and not provide all of the ingredients? 

    • Level 2

    • Level 3

    • Level 6

    • Level 7

    Correct Answer
    A. Level 7
    Explanation
    1-3: Coma like.
    4-6: Confused.
    7: can start do to daily routines and lack insight into extent of deficits. You want to challenge their problem solving skills in order to improve them and make them aware (see what solution they come up with for not having all of the ingredients). This task is appropriate at higher rancho levels as well (7 is the lowest that you want to try this activity with).

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  • 10. 

    Sherry has a brain tumor in her cerebellum. Which would not assess the impact the brain tumor has on her functioning?

    • Walking on a line

    • Finger to nose

    • Bilateral skills

    • Sensation Testing

    Correct Answer
    A. Sensation Testing
    Explanation
    The cerebellum controls balance and coordination

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  • 11. 

    Which is not a common safety issue for patients with Guillain-Barre when they return home?

    • Heightened sensation

    • Weakness

    • Accessibility of home

    • Body awareness

    Correct Answer
    A. Heightened sensation
    Explanation
    People with GBS are likely to still have decreased sensation when they are discharged. Due to decreased sensation and weakness, they might have body awareness issues that could lead to falls, burns, etc.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is most appropriate for someone with stage 2 ALS?

    • Music glove

    • Skin integrity education

    • Wheelchair mobility

    • ADL equipment

    Correct Answer
    A. ADL equipment
    Explanation
    In stage two, people have mild to moderate difficulty ambulating, so they do not need to be aware of skin integrity and wheelchair mobility until they transition to stage 3. People with ALS have decreased hand strength and coordination (hands are affected first), so this interferes with ADLs and equipment may help.

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  • 13. 

    Which of the following is not a sensory disturbance related to MS?

    • Paraesthesia

    • Dysesthesia

    • Referred pain in shoulder

    • Chronic pain

    Correct Answer
    A. Referred pain in shoulder
    Explanation
    A) Paraesthesia is an abnormal sensation, typically tingling or pricking (like your foot fell asleep)
    B) Dysesthesia: abnormal feeling associated with stim or loss of feeling to certain stim
    C and D) Referred pain is not a specific symptom of MS. MS demyelinates nerves in the CNS, which can cause chronic pain but not specifically pain in the gallbladder (which would refer to the shoulder).

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  • 14. 

    If you are helping someone with eating, and he doesn't swallow all the food/ gets a little stuck in his throat (he can breathe), what should you try first?

    • Tell him to cough to clear the passageway

    • Ask him to swallow again

    • Give him a drink of water

    • Fish out the food with your finger

    Correct Answer
    A. Ask him to swallow again
    Explanation
    You should never stick your hands in a patient's mouth.
    Some patients need to double swallow to get all of the food down. Giving them water right away is easier for them, so you first want to see if they can get all of the food down without water. He also has a chance of aspirating on the water.

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  • 15. 

    Miccah has MS and has tremors and problems with coordination. Which is the best to intervention during therapy?

    • Ask the client to prop their elbow on a sturdy surface for stability and grab objects nearby

    • Practice throwing and catching a ball

    • Use a bent spoon for feeding

    • Recommend surgical intervention

    Correct Answer
    A. Ask the client to prop their elbow on a sturdy surface for stability and grab objects nearby
    Explanation
    B) Throwing and catching a ball is (most likely) not functional or occupation based. OTs also never document having someone "practice" anything (practice can be done on their own time).
    C) A bend spoon wouldn't really help incoordination
    D) Not our place to recommend surgery and isn't common in this case anyway

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  • 16. 

    Richard sustained a mTBI while playing basketball. He is experiencing concentration, memory, and decision-making difficulties as well as vision problems and headaches. He wants to play basketball today, against the doctors' recommendations. What is the best intervention for him?

    • Self Awareness Training Program

    • BiVABA

    • Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test

    • Visual exercises to strengthen ocular muscles

    Correct Answer
    A. Self Awareness Training Program
    Explanation
    biVABA is the Brain Injury Visual Assessment Battery for Adults. This and the Rivermead are assessments, not interventions. The Self Awareness Training is better than the visual exercises because of his insistence on playing basketball despite his current weaknesses.

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  • 17. 

    Which posturing most likely indicates the best prognosis?

    • Decorticate

    • Decerebrate

    • Degenerate

    Correct Answer
    A. Decorticate
    Explanation
    Decorticate: arms in flexion, legs in extension
    Decerebrate: legs and arms in extension
    Degenerate: Made up posturing

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  • 18. 

    Nancy was checked in to the hospital yesterday and has undergone a neurologicial exam due to signs of neurological impairments. She has a deep tendon reflex rated at 5 (sustained clonus) in her foot. What can you do to help?

    • Get her to walk

    • Place her foot in a foot drop splint

    • Wrap her foot in a blanket

    • Stretch out the muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Stretch out the muscle
    Explanation
    Clonus is an involuntary sustained shaking at rest. While getting her to walk may help, the PT will probably be working on walking, and you will probably be more focused on functional occupations. If you teach her how to stretch out the muscles by not walking, this may be beneficial in completing bedside ADLs. A foot drop splint will keep her muscle from stretching and would not initially help. If she continues to rub her heel, a splint may be beneficial.

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  • 19. 

    If a client is only allowed to have pudding-like liquids and complains of dry mouth, what is your best option to help them?

    • Give them water to squish around in their mouth and spit out

    • Give them thin liquids via spoon

    • Dip a sponge in glycerin and swipe in mouth

    • Give them water with thick-it to pudding-like consistency

    Correct Answer
    A. Dip a sponge in glycerin and swipe in mouth
    Explanation
    A) You shouldn't give someone water to squish around because if they are only allowed puddling-like liquids, they probably don't have the oral control or impulse control not to swallow it (You should even watch while doing ADLs that they don't sneak water from washcloths, etc).
    B) You shouldn't give thin liquids because they cannot tolerate it yet. If they are working toward that, they need to go from pudding like to honey like to nectar like.
    C) Glycerin can help with dry mouth.
    D) Pudding-like water won't quench their thirst.

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  • 20. 

    What is the last thing (of this list) you will look at upon entering the room of someone with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 6?

    • Vitals

    • Time you entered

    • Lines, tubes, and drains

    • Muscle tone

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscle tone
    Explanation
    You need to assess what is going on in the environment before you can assess muscle tone.
    You need to make note of the time you entered for documentation purposes.
    You should look at their chart before entering their room.

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  • 21. 

    If someone is rated as 3 on the Rancho Scale, which would be the least appropriate goal? 

    • Pt will be able to correctly identify family members in photographs while seated EOB 75% of the time in 1 wk.

    • Pt will tolerate supine to sit c total A to participate in 1 HOH BADL in 1 wk.

    • Pt will show response to yes/no questions regarding familiar person in photos 50% of the time in 1 wk.

    Correct Answer
    A. Pt will be able to correctly identify family members in photographs while seated EOB 75% of the time in 1 wk.
    Explanation
    In Rancho 3, the patient responds generally to only certain stimuli. Completing simple commands is difficult and sitting at EOB without assistance is probably not realistic. Being able to verbalize names would also be difficult. Yes/no questions are more appropriate.

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  • 22. 

    A 4 on the modified Ashworth scale indicates...

    • No increase in muscle tone

    • Affected part is rigid in flexion or extension

    • Marked increase in muscle tone through most of the range of motion, but the affected part is easily moved

    • Muscle tone increased by 40% of normal muscle tone

    Correct Answer
    A. Affected part is rigid in flexion or extension
    Explanation
    The Modified Ashworth scale measures increase in muscle tone on a 0-4 scale, with 0 being no increase in muscle tone, and 4 being rigid flexion or extension.

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  • 23. 

    Which is not a focus for OT treatment of people in stage 3 of ALS?

    • Foot drop splints

    • Skin integrity

    • Empowering independence

    • Family and patient education

    Correct Answer
    A. Foot drop splints
    Explanation
    In stage 3, patients are using wheelchairs to transport themselves and will not regain use of their feet. Therefore, foot drop splints are not commonly used during this stage. Skin integrity, independence, and family/patient education is much more prevalent in stage 3. You want to try to help people do as much as they can for themselves.

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  • 24. 

    Which of the following is false regarding levels of consciousness?

    • As people emerge from a coma, they first enter the vegetative state and then the minimally conscious state

    • People in a minimally conscious state will react appropriately to stimulation

    • People in a vegetative state have sleep-wake cycles

    • Length of time in a coma has an affect on prognosis

    Correct Answer
    A. As people emerge from a coma, they first enter the vegetative state and then the minimally conscious state
    Explanation
    People do not have to go through the stages of coma. Most people skip stages.
    The longer someone is in a coma, the lower their prognosis.

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  • 25. 

    Jem is having trouble brushing her hair. You suspect that it is because of loss of range of motion. Which will best help you verify your suspicion?

    • AROM

    • PROM

    • MMT

    Correct Answer
    A. PROM
    Explanation
    If you assess active range of motion, and she is not within functional limits, this could be because of other factors such as low or high muscle tone. To pinpoint assessing range of motion, you should perform passive range of motion. From there, you could potentially use MMT.

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  • 26. 

    Which of the following is not a c-spine precaution?

    • Do not flex shoulder past 90 degrees

    • Only removing cervical collar to perform bathing

    • Log roll to move in bed instead of segmental

    • HOB flat

    Correct Answer
    A. Only removing cervical collar to perform bathing
    Explanation
    OTs should not remove the collar because patients could further injure themselves. If it turns out to be unneeded, someone else will take it off. When the collar is removed, someone must manually control the cervical spine.

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  • 27. 

    What is the most appropriate goal for someone who is at a Ranch VI level?

    • Pt will explain step by step pre-morbid bathing routine 3 of 5 trials in 1 wk.

    • Pt will create memory aids to use during cooking task without assistance in 1 wk.

    • Pt will respond to 1 step motor command during HOH BADL 50% of the time.

    • Pt will participate in community outing, using cognitive and visual skills.

    Correct Answer
    A. Pt will explain step by step pre-morbid bathing routine 3 of 5 trials in 1 wk.
    Explanation
    B) More appropriate for Rancho 8 or higher
    C) More appropriate for around Rancho 3
    D) Not properly written goal, more appropriate for 9 or 10

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  • 28. 

    Heather is in the tail end of the progressive phase of Guillain-Barre and wants to go home. What do you recommend?

    • Talk to others on her team and don't close her file in case she wants to come back. It's not your place to tell her she absolutely can't go home, but you think she will struggle.

    • Give her information on where to purchase a wheelchair

    • Recommend wrist supports and a shower chair

    • Teach her how to fill her feeding tube

    Correct Answer
    A. Recommend wrist supports and a shower chair
    Explanation
    A)She is in the recovery stage of GBS and will most likely have OP or home health.
    B)She should not purchase a wheelchair if she still needs one at discharge because she will not need it for very long.
    C) Wrist supports, shower chairs, and dressing sticks are common adaptive equipment recommended at discharge.
    D) If she is able to understand how to use a feeding tube and physically able to manipulate it, then she should be able to feed herself.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2022 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2022
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 21, 2016
    Quiz Created by
    Emily_eckard
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