Test Your Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge
Do you want to test your diabetes mellitus knowledge? Let's play this metabolic diseases quiz and prove yourself!
- 1.A patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse what “type 2” means in relation to diabetes. Which statement by the nurse about type 2 diabetes is correct?
- A.
Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- B.
Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.
- C.
Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma. .
- D.
Changes in diet and exercise may be sufficient to control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes
- 2.A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about
- A.
Self-monitoring of blood glucose.
- B.
Use of low doses of regular insulin.
- C.
Lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.
- D.
Effects of oral hypoglycemic medications.
- 3.Which action by a type 1 diabetic patient indicates that the nurse should implement teaching about exercise and glucose control?
- A.
The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise.
- B.
The patient goes for a vigorous walk when the glucose is 200 mg/dL.
- C.
The patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride.
- D.
The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine.
- 4.When assessing the patient experiencing the onset of symptoms of type 1 diabetes, which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A.
“Have you lost any weight lately?”
- B.
“How long have you felt anorexic?”
- C.
“Is your urine unusually dark colored?”
- D.
“Do you crave fluids containing sugar?”
- 5.To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic, which test will the nurse plan to schedule for the patient?
- A.
Urine dipstick for glucose
- B.
Oral glucose tolerance test
- C.
Fasting blood glucose level
- D.
Glycosylated hemoglobin level
- 6.A patient who has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements. Which patient goal is most important for this patient?
- A.
The patient will have a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.
- B.
The patient will have a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss.
- C.
The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day.
- D.
The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.
- 7.A patient who has type 1 diabetes plans to take a swimming class daily at 1:00 PM. The clinic nurse will plan to teach the patient to
- A.
Check glucose level before, during, and after swimming.
- B.
Delay eating the noon meal until after the swimming class.
- C.
Increase the morning dose of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin.
- D.
Time the morning insulin injection so that the peak occurs while swimming.
- 8.An 18-year-old with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes has received diet instruction. The nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the patient says,
- A.
“I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan.”
- B.
“I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin.”
- C.
“I may eat whatever I want, as long as I use enough insulin to cover the calories.”
- D.
“I will eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent hypoglycemia.”
- 9.Which action is most important for the nurse to take in order to assist a diabetic patient to engage in moderate daily exercise?
- A.
Remind the patient that exercise will improve self-esteem.
- B.
Determine what type of exercise activities the patient enjoys.
- C.
Give the patient a list of activities that are moderate in intensity.
- D.
Teach the patient about the effects of exercise on glucose level.
- 10.The nurse has been teaching the patient to administer a dose of 10 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin. The statement by the patient that indicates a need for additional instruction is,
- A.
“I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day.”
- B.
“I will buy the 0.5 mL syringes because the line markings will be easier to see.”
- C.
“I should draw up the regular insulin first after injecting air into the NPH bottle.”
- D.
“I do not need to aspirate the plunger to check for blood before injecting insulin.”
- 11.After the nurse has finished teaching a patient about self-administration of the prescribed aspart (NovoLog) insulin, which patient action indicates good understanding of the teaching?
- A.
The patient avoids injecting the insulin into the upper abdominal area.
- B.
The patient cleans the skin with soap and water before insulin administration.
- C.
The patient places the insulin back in the freezer after administering the prescribed insulin dose.
- D.
The patient pushes the plunger down and immediately removes the syringe from the injection site.
- 12.A patient receives aspart (NovoLog) insulin at 8:00 AM. Which time will it be most important for the nurse to monitor for symptoms of hypoglycemia?
- A.
9:00 AM
- B.
11:30 AM
- C.
4:00 PM
- D.
8:00 PM
- 13.Which patient action indicates a good understanding of the nurse’s teaching about the use of an insulin pump?
- A.
The patient changes the site for the insertion site every week.
- B.
The patient programs the pump to deliver an insulin bolus after eating.
- C.
The patient takes the pump off at bedtime and starts it again each morning.
- D.
The patient states that diet will be less flexible when using the insulin pump.
- 14.When teaching a diabetic patient who has just been started on intensive insulin therapy about mealtime coverage, which type of insulin will the nurse need to discuss?
- A.
Glargine (Lantus)
- B.
Lispro (Humalog)
- C.
Detemir (Levemir)
- D.
NPH (Humulin N)
- 15.Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient who has type 2 diabetes about glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta, Glynase)?
- A.
Glyburide decreases glucagon secretion from the pancreas.
- B.
Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas.
- C.
Glyburide should be taken even if the morning blood glucose level is low.
- D.
Glyburide should not be used for 48 hours after receiving IV contrast media.
- 16.Which patient statement after the nurse has completed teaching a patient with type 2 diabetes about taking glipizide (Glucotrol) indicates a need for additional teaching?
- A.
“Other medications besides the Glucotrol may affect my blood sugar.”
- B.
“If I overeat at a meal, I will still take just the usual dose of medication.”
- C.
“When I become ill, I may have to take insulin to control my blood sugar.”
- D.
“My diabetes is not as likely to cause complications as if I needed to take insulin.”
- 17.A patient with type 2 diabetes that is well-controlled with metformin (Glucophage) develops an allergic rash to an antibiotic and the health care provider prescribes prednisone (Deltasone). The nurse will anticipate that the patient may
- A.
Need a diet higher in calories while receiving prednisone.
- B.
Require administration of insulin while taking prednisone.
- C.
Develop acute hypoglycemia while taking the prednisone.
- D.
Have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions.
- 18.A hospitalized diabetic patient who received 34 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM is away from the nursing unit, awaiting diagnostic testing when lunch trays are distributed. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to
- A.
Save the lunch tray to be provided upon the patient’s return to the unit.
- B.
Call the diagnostic testing area and ask that a 5% dextrose IV be started.
- C.
Ensure that the patient drinks a glass of milk or orange juice at noon in the diagnostic testing area.
- D.
Request that the patient be returned to the unit to eat lunch if testing will not be completed promptly.
- 19.A patient with type 1 diabetes has been using self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) as part of diabetes management. During evaluation of the patient’s technique of SMBG, the nurse identifies a need for additional teaching when the patient
- A.
Washes the puncture site using soap and warm water.
- B.
Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad.
- C.
Hangs the arm down for a minute before puncturing the site.
- D.
Says the result of 130 mg indicates good blood sugar control.
- 20.Which action should the nurse take first when teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes about home management of the disease?
- A.
Ask the patient’s family to participate in the diabetes education program.
- B.
Assess the patient’s perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus.
- C.
Demonstrate how to check glucose using capillary blood glucose monitoring.
- D.
Discuss the need for the patient to actively participate in diabetes management.
- 21.A diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC) is made for a patient with type 2 diabetes who is brought to the emergency department in an unresponsive state. The nurse will anticipate the need to
- A.
Give 50% dextrose as a bolus.
- B.
Insert a large-bore IV catheter.
- C.
Initiate oxygen by nasal cannula.
- D.
administer glargine (Lantus) insulin.
- 22.A patient with type 1 diabetes who uses glargine (Lantus) and lispro (Humalog) insulin develops a sore throat, cough, and fever. When the patient calls the clinic to report the symptoms and a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL, the nurse advises the patient to
- A.
Use only the lispro insulin until the symptoms of infection are resolved.
- B.
Monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise.
- C.
Decrease intake of carbohydrates until glycosylated hemoglobin is less than 7%.
- D.
Limit intake of calorie-containing liquids until the glucose is less than 120 mg/dL.
- 23.The health care provider suspects the Somogyi effect in a patient whose 7:00 AM blood glucose is 220 mg/dL. Which action will the nurse plan to take?
- A.
Check the patient’s blood glucose at 3:00 AM.
- B.
Administer a larger dose of long-acting insulin.
- C.
Educate about the need to increase the rapid-acting insulin dose.
- D.
Remind the patient about the need to avoid snacking at bedtime.
- 24.Intramuscular glucagon is administered to an unresponsive patient for treatment of hypoglycemia. Which action should the nurse take after the patient regains consciousness?
- A.
Assess the patient for symptoms of hyperglycemia.
- B.
Give the patient a snack of crackers and peanut butter.
- C.
Have the patient drink a glass of orange juice or nonfat milk.
- D.
Administer a continuous infusion of 5% dextrose for 24 hours.
- 25.Which question by the nurse will help identify autonomic neuropathy in a diabetic patient?
- A.
“Have you observed any recent skin changes?”
- B.
“Do you notice any bloating feeling after eating?”
- C.
“Do you need to increase your insulin dosage when you are stressed?”
- D.
“Have you noticed any painful new ulcerations or sores on your feet?”
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