Client care Unit 9

Diabetes Mellitus can result from insulin deficiency. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. When there is a deficiency of insulin, the body is unable to properly process glucose, leading to high blood sugar levels and the development of diabetes. Insulin deficiency can occur due to various reasons, including autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas (Type 1 diabetes) or decreased sensitivity of the body's cells to insulin (Type 2 diabetes).

Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder of glucose regulation. This means that it affects the body's ability to regulate and control the levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. In individuals with diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that helps regulate glucose levels) or the cells do not respond properly to insulin. As a result, glucose levels can become too high, leading to various health complications. Therefore, it is accurate to say that diabetes is a disorder of glucose regulation.

The Islets of Langerhans are clusters of cells located in the pancreas. These cells are responsible for secreting hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is pancreas.

IDDM stands for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. This term is used to describe a type of diabetes in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels effectively. People with IDDM require regular insulin injections to manage their condition and prevent complications. This term is often used interchangeably with type 1 diabetes, as it primarily affects individuals who are unable to produce insulin naturally.

There are mainly two types of Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. It is the most common form of diabetes and is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity and lack of physical activity. Gestational diabetes is a temporary form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth.

NIDDM stands for non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. This term is used to describe a type of diabetes where the body is not able to properly use insulin or does not produce enough insulin. In this condition, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. Unlike insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), people with NIDDM do not require regular insulin injections to manage their condition. Instead, they can often control their blood sugar levels through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, or oral medications.

The statement is false because when a person fasts for 8 hours, their blood glucose level should be around 4 to 5 mmol/L, not between 5 to 10 mmol/L. Fasting typically lowers blood glucose levels as the body uses up stored glucose for energy. Therefore, a normal fasting level for Ms. Lucy would be lower than the given range.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. It helps to facilitate the entry of glucose into our cells, where it can be used for energy production. This process is essential for maintaining normal blood sugar levels and ensuring that our cells receive the necessary energy to function properly. Therefore, the correct answer is "enter into our cells."

The blood glucose level can be measured in various parts of the body, including the forearm, thigh, and fingers. These sites are commonly used because they have a good blood supply and are easily accessible for testing. The forearm and thigh are preferred sites for self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, as they are less sensitive and less painful compared to the fingers. Fingers are also commonly used for testing, especially in healthcare settings, as they provide quick and accurate results.

The factors that affect blood glucose level include food choices, insulin, and exercise. Food choices directly impact blood sugar levels as different foods have varying effects on glucose levels. Insulin is crucial in regulating blood sugar levels as it helps transport glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Exercise also plays a significant role in controlling blood glucose levels as it helps increase insulin sensitivity and improve glucose uptake by muscles. Therefore, these three factors have a direct impact on blood glucose levels.

The signs and symptoms listed in the answer are commonly associated with abnormal increase in blood glucose level. Slow healing of wounds is a result of impaired blood flow and weakened immune system caused by high blood sugar. Excessive hunger is a common symptom of diabetes as the body's cells are unable to absorb glucose properly, leading to constant feelings of hunger. Fatigue is also a common symptom as high blood sugar can affect energy levels and cause tiredness.

Blood glucose monitoring is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps track changes in blood glucose levels, which is crucial for individuals with diabetes to manage their condition effectively. Monitoring blood glucose levels allows them to make necessary adjustments to their diet, exercise, and medication regimen. Additionally, it helps indicate the time to take medications, as blood glucose levels can determine when insulin or other medications need to be administered. Lastly, blood glucose monitoring can help regulate diet choices, as individuals can make informed decisions about what foods to consume based on their blood glucose levels.