AP Biology Chapter 8 Practice Test
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Are you taking AP classes? You will find our ' AP Biology Chapter 8 Practice Test ' super helpful. Ap classes can be challenging; hence, preparing well in advance is necessary. Our quiz is designed to test your knowledge of various course topics. The quiz can be an excellent way to prepare for your AP class examinations. Don't forget to attempt this quiz honestly to get your immediate scores. Study hard, and all the very best!
- 1.Which of the following describe(s) some aspect of metabolism?
- A.
Synthesis of macromolecules
- B.
Breakdown of macromolecules
- C.
Control of enzyme activity
- D.
Synthesis of macromolecules and breakdown of macromolecules
- E.
Synthesis of macromolecules, breakdown of macromolecules, and control of enzyme activity
- 2.Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones?
- A.
Catalysis
- B.
Metabolism
- C.
Anabolism
- D.
Dehydration
- E.
Catabolism
- 3.Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) catabolic pathways?
- A.
They do not depend on enzymes.
- B.
They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.
- C.
They release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers.
- D.
They lead to the synthesis of catabolic compounds.
- E.
They do not depend on enzymes and they consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.
- 4.Which of the following is (are) true for anabolic pathways?
- A.
They do not depend on enzymes.
- B.
They are highly regulated sequences of chemical reactions.
- C.
They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.
- D.
They release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers.
- E.
They are highly regulated sequences of chemical reactions and they consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.
- 5.Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?
- A.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
- B.
The entropy of the universe is decreasing.
- C.
The entropy of the universe is constant.
- D.
Kinetic energy is stored energy that results from the specific arrangement of matter.
- E.
Energy cannot be transferred or transformed.
- 6.The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law?
- A.
The energy content of an organism is constant.
- B.
The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy for life from its environment.
- C.
The entropy of an organism decreases with time as the organism grows in complexity.
- D.
Organisms are unable to transform energy.
- E.
Life does not obey the first law of thermodynamics.
- 7.According to the first law of thermodynamics,
- A.
The universe loses energy because of heat production.
- B.
Systems rich in energy are intrinsically unstable and will give up energy with time.
- C.
Energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
- D.
The universe loses energy because of heat production and systems rich in energy are intrinsically unstable and will give up energy with time.
- E.
The universe loses energy because of heat production and systems rich in energy are intrinsically unstable, will give up energy with time, and energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
- 8.Living organisms increase in complexity as they grow, resulting in a decrease in the entropy of an organism. How does this relate to the second law of thermodynamics?
- A.
Living organisms do not obey the second law of thermodynamics, which states that entropy must increase with time.
- B.
Life obeys the second law of thermodynamics because the decrease in entropy as the organism grows is balanced by an increase in the entropy of the universe.
- C.
Living organisms do not follow the laws of thermodynamics.
- D.
As a consequence of growing, organisms create more disorder in their environment than the decrease in entropy associated with their growth.
- E.
Living organisms are able to transform energy into entropy.
- 9.Which of the following statements about metabolism is incorrect?
- A.
Metabolism is an emergent property of life at the level of organisms.
- B.
Metabolism manages the utilization of materials and energy resources.
- C.
The uptake of water associated with the hydrolysis of biological polymers is part of metabolism.
- D.
Metabolism depends on a constant supply of energy.
- E.
None of these statements about metabolism is incorrect.
- 10.Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase in the
- A.
Free energy of the system.
- B.
Free energy of the universe.
- C.
Entropy of the system.
- D.
Entropy of the universe.
- E.
Enthalpy of the universe.
- 11.Which of the following statements is a logical consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?
- A.
If the entropy of a system increases, there must be a corresponding decrease in the entropy of the universe.
- B.
If there is an increase in the energy of a system, there must be a corresponding decrease in the energy of the rest of the universe.
- C.
Every energy transfer requires activation energy from the environment.
- D.
Every chemical reaction must increase the total entropy of the universe.
- E.
Energy can be transferred or transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
- 12.Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) some aspect of energy in living organisms?
- A.
Living organisms can convert energy among several different forms.
- B.
Living organisms can use energy to do work.
- C.
Organisms expend energy in order to decrease their entropy.
- D.
Living organisms can convert energy among several different forms and can use energy to do work.
- E.
Living organisms can convert energy among several different forms, can use energy to do work and expend energy in order to decrease their entropy.
- 13.Which of the following statements is not representative of the second law of thermodynamics?
- A.
Conversion of energy from one form to another is always accompanied by some loss of free energy.
- B.
Heat represents a form of energy that cannot be used by most organisms to do work.
- C.
Without an input of energy, organisms would tend towards increasing entropy.
- D.
Cells require a constant input of energy to maintain their high level of organization.
- E.
Every energy transformation by a cell decreases the entropy of the universe.
- 14.Which of the following forms of energy is least available to accomplish cellular work?
- A.
Light energy
- B.
Electrical energy
- C.
Thermal energy (heat)
- D.
Mechanical energy
- E.
Potential energy
- 15.Which of the following types of reactions would decrease the entropy within a cell?
- A.
Dehydration reactions
- B.
Hydrolysis
- C.
Respiration
- D.
Digestion
- E.
Catabolism
- 16.According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following statements is incorrect?
- A.
The synthesis of large molecules from small molecules is exergonic.
- B.
Earth is an open system.
- C.
Life exists at the expense of energy derived from its environment.
- D.
A living cell can never function as a closed system.
- E.
Every chemical reaction in a cell results in a loss of free energy.
- 17.The organization of organisms has become increasingly complex with time. This statement
- A.
Is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics.
- B.
Requires that due to evolution, the entropy of the universe increased.
- C.
Is based on the fact that organisms function as closed systems.
- D.
Is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics and requires that due to evolution, the entropy of the universe increased.
- E.
Is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics, requires that due to evolution, the entropy of the universe increased, and is based on the fact that organisms function as closed systems.
- 18.The mathematical expression for the change in free energy of a system is: ΔG = ΔH – TΔS. Which of the following is (are) incorrect?
- A.
ΔS is the change in entropy, a measure of randomness.
- B.
ΔH is the change in enthalpy, the energy available to do work.
- C.
ΔG is the change in free energy.
- D.
T is the absolute temperature.
- E.
ΔS is the change in entropy, a measure of randomness, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy, the energy available to do work.
- 19.What is the change in free energy of a system at chemical equilibrium?
- A.
Slightly increasing
- B.
Greatly increasing
- C.
Slightly decreasing
- D.
Greatly decreasing
- E.
No net change
- 20.Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions?
- A.
The products have more total energy than the reactants.
- B.
The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy.
- C.
Some reactants will be converted to products.
- D.
A net input of energy from the surroundings is required for the reactions to proceed.
- E.
The reactions are nonspontaneous.
- 21.Chemical equilibrium is relatively rare in living cells. Which of the following could be an example of a reaction at chemical equilibrium in a cell?
- A.
A reaction in which the free energy at equilibrium is higher than the energy content at any point away from equilibrium
- B.
A chemical reaction in which the entropy change in the reaction is just balanced by an opposite entropy change in the cell's surroundings
- C.
An endergonic reaction in an active metabolic pathway where the energy for that reaction is supplied only by heat from the environment
- D.
A chemical reaction in which both the reactants and products are only used in a metabolic pathway that is completely inactive
- E.
There is no possibility of having chemical equilibrium in any living cell.
- 22.Which of the following shows the correct changes in thermodynamic properties for a chemical reaction in which amino acids are linked to form a protein?
- A.
+ΔH, +ΔS, +ΔG
- B.
+ΔH, -ΔS, -ΔG
- C.
+ΔH, -ΔS, +ΔG
- D.
-ΔH, -ΔS, +ΔG
- E.
-ΔH, +ΔS, +ΔG
- 23.When glucose monomers are joined together by glycosidic linkages to form a cellulose polymer, the changes in free energy, total energy, and entropy are as follows:
- A.
+ΔG, +ΔH, +ΔS
- B.
+ΔG, +ΔH, -ΔS
- C.
+ΔG, -ΔH, -ΔS
- D.
-ΔG, +ΔH, +ΔS
- E.
-ΔG, -ΔH, -ΔS
- 24.A chemical reaction that has a positive ΔG is correctly described as
- A.
Endergonic.
- B.
Endothermic.
- C.
Enthalpic.
- D.
Spontaneous.
- E.
Exothermic.
- 25.Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?
- A.
Its hydrolysis provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions.
- B.
It provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions.
- C.
Its terminal phosphate group contains a strong covalent bond that when hydrolyzed releases free energy.
- D.
Its hydrolysis provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions and it provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions.
- E.
Its hydrolysis provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions and it provides energy coupling between exergonic, endergonic reactions, and its terminal phosphate group contains a strong covalent bond that when hydrolyzed releases free energy. .