Recent developments in our understanding of the human genome suggest that while the genome contains approximately 25,000 gene sequences, there are far more different proteins produced by the genome. Which of the following concepts may explain how this occurs?

Alternative splicing may occur, creating different mRNA's from a single stretch of DNA

Humans may use both exons and introns for translations

Humans may be using DNA from symbiotic bacteria such a E. Coli to produce some of their proteins

Alternative splicing may occur, creating different mRNA's from a single stretch of DNA

A great many of the proteins have been created using viral DNA in the human genome

The human genome project is incomplete and they will eventually locate the other coding sequences

Eukaryotic mRNA molecules are modified

At the initiation of transcription

Transcription is the first stage of Central Dogma. Transcription is initiated by

RNA polymerase binding to a site known as the promoter

DNA polymerase binding to a sit known as the promoter

RNA polymerase binding to a site known as the promoter

mRNA polymerase binding to a site known as the operator

tRNA polymerase binding to a sit known as the promoter

creation of Okasaki fragments which attach to the operator

The basic mechanism of gene expression is often referred to as the "central dogma". Which description best fits the Central Dogma?

Information stored in DNA is transferred to an RNA copy and the RNA copy directs the sequential assembly of amino acids.

Gene information from both strands of DNA are transferred to an RNA copy

The RNA copy directs the sequential assembly of amino acids

The chain of amino acids assumes a specific three dimensional shape to become functional according to the type of genetic information

Gene information is transferred to an RNA copy and the chain of amino acids assumes a specific 3D shape to become functional according to the type of genetic information

Information stored in DNA is transferred to an RNA copy and the RNA copy directs the sequential assembly of amino acids.

The method of DNA replication, where each original strand s used as a template to build a new strand is called the

replication and amplification method

Hershey-Chase concluded from their experiment with bacteriophage that

proteins are the genetic material

polysaccharide coat contains the genetic material

viruses are needed for DNA to function

creates a short RNA primer complementary to the DNA template

creates a short RNA primer complementary to the RNA template

creates a short DNA primer complementary to the RNA template

creates a short DNA primer complementary to the DNA template

creates a short template of an RNA primer that is complementary to the DNA primer

creates a short RNA primer complementary to the DNA template

The polymerase chain reaction, more popularly known as PCR, is a multistep process critical to many research and forensic applications. The process includes all of the following steps EXCEPT

treatment of new fragments with ligase

denaturation of the DNA fragment to be amplified

treatment of new fragments with ligase

anealng of primers to be the complementary sequences on the DNA

primer extension with DNA polymerase

providing free nucleotides for polymerase to assemble

AP Biology Final Exam Review

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AP Biology Final Exam Review

As the two strands of DNA are unraveled, an enzyme relieves the strain on the two strands. The enzyme is

The maintenance of a constant environment of a cell is called

Recent developments in our understanding of the human genome suggest that while the genome contains approximately 25,000 gene sequences, there are far more different proteins produced by the genome. Which of the following concepts may explain how this occurs?

Regions of noncoding DNA that interrupts the nucleotide sequence of a gene are called

Eukaryotic mRNA molecules are modified

Transcription is the first stage of Central Dogma. Transcription is initiated by

If the sequence of bases in a section of template DNa is ATCGCTCC, what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA?

The site from where the empty RNA molecules exit the ribosome is the

All of the following are different componesnts of the protein synthesizing machinery except

The basic mechanism of gene expression is often referred to as the "central dogma". Which description best fits the Central Dogma?

The method of DNA replication, where each original strand s used as a template to build a new strand is called the

The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA molecules is called

When nonvirulent bacteria were mixed with dead virulent bacteria, Griffith unexpectedly found that the injected mice died. He explained ths behavior by suggesting the nonvirulent strain of bacteria had been

Hershey-Chase concluded from their experiment with bacteriophage that

DNA primase

The chemical bond connecting one nucleotide with the next one along the nucleic acid chain is called a

Replication always proceeds by adding new bases to the

Fourteen percent of the DNA molecules from a certain organism contain T. What amounts of other bases would you expect to e present in this particular DNA?

If a short sequence of DNA is AATTGCGCGT, its complement is

DNA Polymerase III synthesizes the leading strand as a continuous strand. The lagging strands are synthesized in segments called

DNA can be cleaved at a specific site, generating in most cases two fragments with short single-stranded ends. The chemical tool used to cleave the DNA is called

DNA fragments complementary tothe DNA eing investigated are referred to as

The ends of DNA fragments produced by the same restriction enzyme can be joined together by another enzyme,

Vehicles of transport for foreign DNA fragments may be viruses or bacterial plasmids. These may be referred as

The polymerase chain reaction, more popularly known as PCR, is a multistep process critical to many research and forensic applications. The process includes all of the following steps EXCEPT

When electical current is applied during a gel electrophoresis procedure, the DNA fragments are separated on the basis of

A commercially significant human protein can now produced in bacteria s

By examining and comparing several loci between two genomes, and carefully considering how common or rare the characteristics of the loci are, scientists can distinguish between DNA of different individuals, thus making the information useful in criminal investigations. The technique used is called

Goals of genetic engineering for plants include all of the following EXCEPT:

Medical applications of genetic biotechnology that are currently accepted and underway include all of the following EXCEPT:

A Diploid organism that has two identical alleles for the same trait is called _______ for that particular trait.

An allele that is present but unexpressed is

In a heterozygous individual the allele being expressed is

The allelic make up of an individual is referred to as its

Let P= purple flowers and p= white, and T= tall and t = dwarf. What would be the appearance of a plant with the genotype ppTt?

If two pure-breeding parents produce offspring who may appear to have blended or diluted phenotypes, a possible explanation is that this train is an example of

Sometimes one gene pair will interact so as to control the expression of a second gene pair in an interaction called

If an individual allele has more than one effect on the phenotype it is said to be

Children born in areas where proper nutrition is not available to them do not always realize their full growth potential. These children have the genes for normal growth of bones. Which of the following statements can best explain this situation?

A man whose blood type is AB and a woman blood type is A conceive a child. The woman's mother (the child's maternal grandmother) was type O. The child could not be expected to have a blood type that is

As an anmal matures, it forms attachments to other individuals and develops lasting preferences. This process is called

The processing of information and response in a manner that suggests thinking in the animal is called

Ultimate causation dictates that an organism must obtain nutrients to maintain metabolism and promote reproduction. However, the act of killing prey and eating it to avoid the discomfort of hunger pangs is considered an example of

If an unrelated stimulus, such as the ringing of a bell was represented at the same time as the food, over repeated trials, a dog would salivate in response to the sound of the bell alone. This kind of response is called

An animal learns to associate its behavioral response with a reward or punishment in

A behavior that has evolved to aid relatives, although at personal rink, and thus increases the chance of your genes being passed on to the next generation is known as

An organism can increase its inclusive fitness by directly propagating its alleles through its own reproduction and through

Chemical messengers used for communication between animal species are called

Young birds see objects flying overhead and respond by crouching down into the nest and remaining still. Over time objects become familiar and the young birds do not crouch down. This type of learning is referred to as

In species where the young are precocial, meaning requiring little parental care, males may be more likely to