AP Biology Chapter 12 Quiz
Individual effort, one log-in/submission attempt, 60 minute timed assessment of concepts from Chapter 12.
- 1.Griffith, in his 1928 experiments, demonstrated that bacterial strains could be genetically transformed. The evidence that DNA was the "transforming principle" responsible for this phenomenon came later. What was the key experiment that Avery, MacCleod, and McCarty performed to prove that DNA was responsible fore the genetic change from rough cells into smooth cells?
- 2.Nitrogen and carbon are more abundant in proteins than sulfur. Why did Hershey and Chase use radioactive sulfur instead of nitrogen and carbon to label the protein portion of their bacteriophages in their experiments to determine whether parental protein or parental DNA is necessary for progeny phage production?
- 3.What information about the structure of DNA was obtained from X-ray crystallographic data?
- 4.The underlying structure of DNA is very simple, consisting of only four possible building blocks. How is ti possible for DNA to carry complex genetic information if its structure is so simple? (hint: looking for a numeric base to your answer).
- 5.If 30% of an organism's DNA is thymine, then:
- A.
70% is purine.
- B.
20% is guanine.
- C.
30% is adenine.
- D.
70% is pyrimidine.
- 6.The double-helix model of DNA resembles a twisted ladder in which the rungs of the ladder are:
- A.
A purine paired with a pyrimidine.
- B.
A paired with G and C paired with T.
- C.
Sugar-phosphate paired with sugar-phosphate.
- D.
A 5 prime end paired with a 3 prime end.
- 7.DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because:
- A.
One of the new molecules conserves both of the original DNA strands.
- B.
The new DNA molecule contains two new DNA strands.
- C.
Both of the new molecules contain one new strand and one old strand.
- D.
DNA polymerase conserves both of the old strands.
- 8.Select all the choice(s) that apply. In a DNA molecule:
- A.
The bases are covalently bonded to the sugars.
- B.
The sugars are covalently bonded to the phosphates.
- C.
The bases are hydrogen-bonded to one another.
- D.
The nucleotides are covalently bonded to one another.
- 9.If the sequence of bases in one strand of DNA is 5' TAGCCT 3' then the sequence of bases in the other strand will be:
- A.
3' TCCGAT 5'
- B.
3' ATCGGA 5'
- C.
3' TAGCCT 5'
- D.
3' AACGGUA 5'
- 10.Transformation occurs when:
- A.
DNA is transformed into RNA.
- B.
DNA is transformed into protein.
- C.
Bacteria cannot grow on penicillin.
- D.
Organisms receive foreign DNA and thereby acquire a new characteristic.
- 11.Select the choice(s) that apply. Pyrimidines:
- A.
Are always paired with a purine.
- B.
Are thymine and cytosine.
- C.
Keep DNA from replicating too often.
- D.
Are adenine and guanine.
- 12.Select the choice(s) that apply. Watson and Crick incorporated which of the following into their model of DNA structure?
- A.
Franklin's diffraction data.
- B.
Chargaff's rules.
- C.
Complementary base pairing.
- D.
Alternating sugar-phosphate backbone.
- 13.A nucleotide:
- A.
Is smaller than a base.
- B.
Is a subunit of a nucleic acid.
- C.
Has a lot of variable parts.
- D.
Has at least four phosphates.
- E.
Always joins with other nucleotides.
- F.
Always joins with other nucleotides.
- 14.During replication, separation of DNA strands requires:
- A.
Backbones to split.
- B.
Nucleotides to join together.
- C.
Hydrolysis and synthesis to occur.
- D.
Hydrogen bonds to unzip.
- 15.The central dogma of molecular biology:
- A.
States that DNA is a template for all RNA production.
- B.
States that DNA is a template only for DNA replication.
- C.
States that translation precedes transcription.
- D.
States that RNA is a template for DNA replication.
- 16.Transcription of a gene results in the production of:
- A.
An mRNA.
- B.
Proteins.
- C.
An rRNA
- D.
Ribozymes.
- 17.Which of these does not characterize the process of transcription?
- A.
RNA is made with one strand of the DNA serving as a template.
- B.
In making RNA, the base uracil of RNA pairs with the base thymine of DNA.
- C.
The enzyme RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA.
- D.
RNA is made in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
- 18.Because there are more codons than amino acids:
- A.
Some amino acids are specified by more than one codon.
- B.
Some codons specify more than one amino acid.
- C.
Some codons do not specify any amino acid.
- D.
Some amino acids do not have codons.
- 19.If the sequence of bases in the coding strand of a DNA is TAGC then the sequence of bases in the mRNA will be:
- A.
AUCG
- B.
TAGC
- C.
UAGC
- D.
CGAU
- 20.During protein synthesis an anticodon on tRNA pairs with:
- A.
DNA nucleotide bases.
- B.
RRNA nucleotide bases.
- C.
MRNA nucleotide bases.
- D.
TRNA nucleotide bases.
- 21.In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that:
- A.
The protein coat from pathogenic cells was able to transform nonpathogenic cells.
- B.
Heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia.
- C.
Some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.
- D.
The polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia.
- E.
Bacteriophages injected DNA into bacteria.
- 22.Which one do you like?
- A.
Option 1
- B.
Option 2
- C.
Option 3
- D.
Option 4
- 23.What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?
- A.
The origins of replication occur only at the 5' end.
- B.
Helicases and single-strand binding proteins work at the 5' end.
- C.
DNA polymerase can hoin new nucleotides only to the 3' end of a growing strand.
- D.
DNA ligase works only in the 3' to 5' direction.
- E.
Polymerase can work on only one strand at a time.
- 24.In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample which result would be consistent with the base-pairing rules?
- A.
A = G
- B.
A + G = C + T
- C.
A + T = G + T
- D.
A = C
- E.
G = T
- 25.The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis:
- A.
Progresses away from the replication fork.
- B.
Occurs in the 3' to 5' direction.
- C.
Produces Okazaki fragments.
- D.
Depends on the action of DNA polymerase.
- E.
Does not require a template strand.
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