Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinematics In One Dimension
- 1.Suppose that an object travels from one point in space to another. Make a comparison between the displacement and the distance traveled.
- A.
The displacement is either greater than or equal to the distance traveled.
- B.
The displacement is always equal to the distance traveled.
- C.
The displacement is either less than or equal to the distance traveled.
- D.
The displacement can be either greater than, smaller than, or equal to the distance traveled.
- 2.When is the average velocity of an object equal to the instantaneous velocity?
- A.
Always
- B.
Never
- C.
Only when the velocity is constant
- D.
Only when the velocity is increasing at a constant rate
- 3.A new car manufacturer advertises that their car can go "from zero to sixty in 8 s". This is a description of
- A.
Average speed.
- B.
Instantaneous speed.
- C.
Average acceleration.
- D.
Instantaneous acceleration.
- 4.An object moving in the +x axis experiences an acceleration of 2.0 m/s^2. This means the object is
- A.
Traveling at 2.0 m in every second.
- B.
Traveling at 2.0 m/s in every second.
- C.
Changing its velocity by 2.0 m/s.
- D.
Increasing its velocity by 2.0 m/s in every second.
- 5.Suppose that a car traveling to the East (+x direction) begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Make a statement concerning its acceleration.
- A.
The car is decelerating, and its acceleration is positive.
- B.
The car is decelerating, and its acceleration is negative.
- C.
The acceleration is zero.
- D.
A statement cannot be made using the information given.
- 6.Suppose that a car traveling to the West (-x direction) begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Make a statement concerning its acceleration.
- A.
The car is decelerating, and its acceleration is positive.
- B.
The car is decelerating, and its acceleration is negative.
- C.
The acceleration is zero.
- D.
A statement cannot be made using the information given.
- 7.Suppose that an object is moving with a constant velocity. Make a statement concerning its acceleration.
- A.
The acceleration must be constantly increasing.
- B.
The acceleration must be constantly decreasing.
- C.
The acceleration must be a constant non-zero value.
- D.
The acceleration must be equal to zero.
- 8.If the velocity of an object is zero, does it mean that the acceleration is zero? Support your answer with an example.
- A.
No, and an example would be an object starting from rest
- B.
No, and an example would be an object coming to a stop
- C.
Yes, because of the way in which velocity is defined
- D.
Yes, because of the way in which acceleration is defined
- 9.Can an object's velocity change direction when its acceleration is constant? Support your answer with an example.
- A.
No, this is not possible because it is always speeding up.
- B.
No, this is not possible because it is always speeding up or always slowing down, but it can never turn around.
- C.
Yes, this is possible, and a rock thrown straight up is an example.
- D.
Yes, this is possible, and a car that starts from rest, speeds up, slows to a stop, and then backs up is an example.
- 10.Suppose that an object is moving with constant acceleration. Make a statement concerning its motion with respect to time.
- A.
In equal times its speed increases by equal amounts.
- B.
In equal times its velocity changes by equal amounts.
- C.
In equal times it moves equal distances.
- D.
A statement cannot be made using the information given.
- 11.Can an object have increasing speed while its acceleration is decreasing? Support your answer with an example.
- A.
No, this is impossible because of the way in which acceleration is defined.
- B.
No, because if acceleration is decreasing the object will be slowing down.
- C.
Yes, and an example would be an object falling in the absence of air friction.
- D.
Yes, and an example would be an object released from rest in the presence of air friction.
- 12.Suppose a can, after an initial kick, moves up along a smooth hill of ice. Make a statement concerning its acceleration.
- A.
It will travel at constant velocity with zero acceleration.
- B.
It will have a constant acceleration up the hill, but a different constant acceleration when it comes back down the hill.
- C.
It will have the same acceleration, both up the hill and down the hill.
- D.
It will have a varying acceleration along the hill.
- 13.Under what condition is average velocity equal to the average of the object's initial and final velocity?
- A.
The acceleration must be constantly changing.
- B.
The acceleration must be constant.
- C.
This can only occur if there is no acceleration.
- D.
This is impossible.
- 14.Objects A and B both start at rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerates for twice the time as object B. What is the final speed of object A compared to that of object B?
- A.
The same speed
- B.
Twice as fast
- C.
Three times as fast
- D.
Four times as fast
- 15.Objects A and B both start from rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerates for twice the time as object B. What is the distance traveled by object A compared to that of object B?
- A.
The same distance
- B.
Twice as far
- C.
Three times as far
- D.
Four times as far
- 16.When an object is released from rest and falls in the absence of friction, which of the following is true concerning its motion?
- A.
The speed of the falling object is proportional to its mass.
- B.
The speed of the falling object is proportional to its weight.
- C.
The speed of the falling object is inversely proportional to its surface area.
- D.
None of the above is true.
- 17.When an object is released from rest and falls in the absence of friction, which of the following is true concerning its motion?
- A.
Its acceleration is constant.
- B.
Its velocity is constant.
- C.
Neither its acceleration nor its velocity is constant.
- D.
Both its acceleration and its velocity are constant.
- 18.Suppose a ball is thrown straight up. Make a statement about the velocity and the acceleration when the ball reaches the highest point.
- A.
Both its velocity and its acceleration are zero.
- B.
Its velocity is zero and its acceleration is not zero.
- C.
Its velocity is not zero and its acceleration is zero.
- D.
Neither its velocity nor its acceleration is zero.
- 19.Suppose a ball is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration just before it reaches its highest point?
- A.
Zero
- B.
Slightly less than g
- C.
Exactly g
- D.
Slightly greater than g
- 20.Suppose a ball is thrown straight up, reaches a maximum height, then falls to its initial height. Make a statement about the direction of the velocity and acceleration as the ball is going up.
- A.
Both its velocity and its acceleration point upward.
- B.
Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward.
- C.
Its velocity points downward and its acceleration points upward.
- D.
Both its velocity and its acceleration points downward.
- 21.A ball is thrown straight up, reaches a maximum height, then falls to its initial height. Make a statement about the direction of the velocity and acceleration as the ball is coming down.
- A.
Both its velocity and its acceleration point upward.
- B.
Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward.
- C.
Its velocity points downward and its acceleration points upward.
- D.
Both its velocity and its acceleration point downward.
- 22.Suppose a ball is thrown downward in the absence of air resistance. Make a statement concerning its acceleration.
- A.
Its acceleration is constantly increasing.
- B.
Its acceleration is constant.
- C.
Its acceleration is constantly decreasing.
- D.
Its acceleration is zero.
- 23.Suppose a skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. What is her acceleration when she she reaches terminal velocity?
- A.
It is essentially zero.
- B.
It is in the upward direction.
- C.
It is approximately 9.8 m/s^2 downward.
- D.
It is a constant pointing upward.
- 24.A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed v. An identical second ball is thrown upward with a speed 2v (twice as fast). What is the ratio of the maximum height of the second ball to that of the first ball? (How many times higher does the second ball go than the first ball?)
- A.
4:1
- B.
2:1
- C.
1.7:1
- D.
1.4:1
- 25.Ball A is dropped from the top of a building. One second later, ball B is dropped from the same building. As time progresses, the distance between them
- A.
Increases.
- B.
Remains constant.
- C.
Decreases.
- D.
Cannot be determined from the information given.
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