Take Is Interesting Quiz Chapter 19 Philosophy

19 Questions | By Baileydykman | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 190

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Philosophy has always been an intriguing topic, whether studied professionally or just pondered in a moment of curiosity – it is defined as the study of fundamental problems concerning a host of matters such as existence, knowledge, reason, mind, language and values. What do you know about it?

Questions and Answers

1.

Consequences:
- A.
  
  In ethics, the view that morality of an action depends entirely on its consequences and not simply on the kind of action it is.
- B.
  
  In egalitarianism, the good or bad results produced by an action
- C.
  
  The eighteenth century philosophical movement marked by rejection of traditional social, religious and political authority. It emphasized on using ones own reason
2.

Enlightenment:
- A.
  
  The methods developed my Jeremy Bentham to measure the quantity of various pleasures and pain.
- B.
  
  The eighteenth century philosophical movement marked by rejection of traditional social, religious and political authority. It emphasized on using ones own reason
- C.
  
  The doctrine that pleasure is the primary good that life has to offer
3.

Hedonic calculus:
- A.
  
  The methods developed my Jeremy Bentham to measure the quantity of various pleasures and pain.
- B.
  
  The attempt to determine the extent to which the pleasure or pain felt by one person is greater than another persons.
- C.
  
  The view that actions are morally right to the extent that they product beneficial consequences, and morally wrong that they impose costs.
4.

Hedonism:
- A.
  
  In classical utilitarianism, any differences among pleasures that make one pleasure count for more or less than another.
- B.
  
  In classical utilitarianism, the quantity of pleasure or satisfaction produced by an action, by which the quantity of pain can be subtracted.
- C.
  
  The doctrine that pleasure is the primary good that life has to offer
5.

Interpersonal comparisons:
- A.
  
  In classical utilitarianism, any differences among pleasures that make one pleasure count for more or less than another.
- B.
  
  The attempt to determine the extent to which the pleasure or pain felt by one person is greater than another persons.
- C.
  
  The doctrine that pleasure is the primary good that life has to offer
6.

Principle of utility:
- A.
  
  The methods developed my Jeremy Bentham to measure the quantity of various pleasures and pain.
- B.
  
  The view that actions are morally right to the extent that they product beneficial consequences, and morally wrong that they impose costs.
- C.
  
  The doctrine that pleasure is the primary good that life has to offer
7.

Qualitative distinctions amongst pleasures:
- A.
  
  In classical utilitarianism, any differences among pleasures that make one pleasure count for more or less than another.
- B.
  
  The view that actions are morally right to the extent that they product beneficial consequences, and morally wrong that they impose costs.
- C.
  
  The attempt to determine the extent to which the pleasure or pain felt by one person is greater than another persons.
8.

Utility:
- A.
  
  The view that actions are morally right to the extent that they product beneficial consequences, and morally wrong that they impose costs.
- B.
  
  The attempt to determine the extent to which the pleasure or pain felt by one person is greater than another persons.
- C.
  
  In classical utilitarianism, the quantity of pleasure or satisfaction produced by an action, by which the quantity of pain can be subtracted.
9.

Utilitarianism was a product of the philosophy of which era?
- A.
  
  Ancient Greece
- B.
  
  The Enlightenment
- C.
  
  The Industrial Reolution
10.

Which to forces govern the actions of humans according to Bentham?
- A.
  
  Good and evil
- B.
  
  Right and wrong
- C.
  
  Pain and pleasure
11.

Bentham and his follower, John Stuart Mill, championed social reforms such as women's right to vote and humane punishment because?
- A.
  
  They benefited the rights of individuals
- B.
  
  The were likely to produce the greatest good for the greatest number
- C.
  
  The produced good results
12.

John Stuart Mill added a new dimension to the utilitarian movement by:
- A.
  
  Asserting that there are qualitative differences among pleasures and pains.
- B.
  
  Judging actions by their consequences only
- C.
  
  His belief in the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people
13.

Which utilitarian philosopher had himself preserved as an "auto-icon"?
- A.
  
  John Stuart Mill
- B.
  
  Jim Mill
- C.
  
  Jeremy Bentham
14.

Consequntialism holds that:
- A.
  
  No actions are intrinsically immoral
- B.
  
  Some actions are always immoral
- C.
  
  The net costs of an action determine its value
15.

The theory of "ideal utilitarianism" was proposed by:
- A.
  
  James Mill
- B.
  
  Peter Singer
- C.
  
  G.E. Moore
16.

Sentient creatures, natural habitats, and goods such as art and love, according to G.E. Moore have:
- A.
  
  Qualitative value
- B.
  
  Moral value
- C.
  
  Intrinsic value
17.

Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess has argued that:
- A.
  
  The value of the environment can be expressed quantitatively
- B.
  
  Certain natural habitats are living entities and as such can claim equal moral status to that of human beings
- C.
  
  It is impossible to measure and compare the values of different cultures
18.

According to philosopher Johnathan Glover:
- A.
  
  Natural habitats have intrinsic value
- B.
  
  The attempts to calculate the costs of large scale projects.
- C.
  
  In ethics, all that matters is how humans are affected by decisions.
19.

Utilitarianism, according to Peter Singer, should consider only:
- A.
  
  Pleasure and pain
- B.
  
  Intrinsic values
- C.
  
  Net costs