Informative Quiz On Chapter 15 Philosphoy

20 Questions | By Baileydykman | Last updated: Mar 19, 2022 | Total Attempts: 160

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Philosophy is a topic you can easily get enthralled by with only a little bit of study, given that it deals with all of the fundamental problems that are affected by matters such as existence, knowledge and reason. What do you know about the official study of philosophy? Take this quiz and we’ll see!

Questions and Answers

1.

Anomaly:
- A.
  
  A deviation from what is normal or expected.
- B.
  
  Finding a state of affairs or a fact which supports or verifies some claim.
- C.
  
  A used by Karl Popper, a criterion for testing the warrant of a scientific claim.
2.

Confirmation:
- A.
  
  A statement or claim referring to an entire group or population as opposed to referring to some specific individual.
- B.
  
  Finding a state of affairs or a fact which supports or verifies some claim.
- C.
  
  Having nothing in common. For Kuhn, the strong claim hat two paradigms have nothing in common.
3.

Falsification:
- A.
  
  Having nothing in common. For Kuhn, the strong claim hat two paradigms have nothing in common.
- B.
  
  statement or claim referring to an entire group or population as opposed to referring to some specific individual.
- C.
  
  A used by Karl Popper, a criterion for testing the warrant of a scientific claim.
4.

Generalization:
- A.
  
  statement or claim referring to an entire group or population as opposed to referring to some specific individual.
- B.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- C.
  
  A highly generalized description of a uniformity in nature which holds universally.
5.

Incommensurable:
- A.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- B.
  
  Having nothing in common. For Kuhn, the strong claim hat two paradigms have nothing in common.
- C.
  
  A highly generalized description of a uniformity in nature which holds universally.
6.

Induction:
- A.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- B.
  
  A highly generalized description of a uniformity in nature which holds universally.
- C.
  
  Finding a state of affairs or a fact which supports or verifies some claim.
7.

Law of Nature:
- A.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- B.
  
  A highly generalized description of a uniformity in nature which holds universally.
- C.
  
  Having nothing in common. For Kuhn, the strong claim hat two paradigms have nothing in common.
8.

Normal Science:
- A.
  
  A theory with much explanatory power that solves a certain set of problems or anomalies and becomes the model for future scientific work.
- B.
  
  For Thomas Kuhn, that period in the life of a paradigm where the majority of scientific activity is focused on working out the details of the paradigm.
- C.
  
  Thought, speculation without the use of senses/
9.

Paradigm:
- A.
  
  Thought, speculation without the use of senses.
- B.
  
  A theory with much explanatory power that solves a certain set of problems or anomalies and becomes the model for future scientific
- C.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
10.

Pure Reason:
- A.
  
  Thought, speculation without the use of senses.
- B.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- C.
  
  A period in the history of Western civilization, dated at the end of Renaissance, in which critical thought about the world was naturalized, and many astronomical and biological insights gained.
11.

Scientific revolution:
- A.
  
  A period in the history of Western civilization, dated at the end of Renaissance, in which critical thought about the world was naturalized, and many astronomical and biological insights gained.
- B.
  
  Reasoning to the probable truth or some claim or explanation.
- C.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be inductively inferred from a collection of facts.
12.

Francis Bacon advocated a method of science:
- A.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be inductively inferred from a collection of facts.
- B.
  
  Initial observation or collection of facts
- C.
  
  Passive
13.

An inductivist model of scientific method places:
- A.
  
  Attempting to disprove or refute a hypothesis
- B.
  
  Initial observation or collection of facts
- C.
  
  The mathematical description of a hypothesis.
14.

The inductivist model seems to make the role of the scientist too:
- A.
  
  Active
- B.
  
  Lucky
- C.
  
  Passisive
15.

According to Immanuel Kant, a scientist should approach nature as a:
- A.
  
  Pupil
- B.
  
  Tape recorder
- C.
  
  Judge
16.

Karl Popper advocated a method of science:
- A.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be falsifiable.
- B.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be based on authority
- C.
  
  In which paradigms serve to define acceptable methodology.
17.

Thomas Kuhn advocated a method of science:
- A.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be falsifiable.
- B.
  
  In which paradigms serve to define acceptable methodology.
- C.
  
  Requiring scientific hypotheses to be based on authority
18.

Idetify the events below as:A. Paradigm shiftsB. Not paradigm shifts
- A.
  
  A) Copernicus's heliocentric theory of the the solar system versus the geocentric theory.
- B.
  
  A.) Darwin's theory of evolution versus the theory of cretinism.
- C.
  
  A.)The discovery of a gene fro Alzheimer's disease.
- D.
  
  B.) The discovery that the universe is closer to 15 billion than 12 billion years old
19.

According to Thomas Kuhn, normal science occurs when scientists:
- A.
  
  Are not having to deal with erratic funding sources
- B.
  
  Are not having to deal with theories like astrology or phrenology
- C.
  
  Work out the various details of the dominant paradigm
20.

If scientific paradigms are genuinely incommensurable then:
- A.
  
  Progress in science may be an illusion
- B.
  
  Progress in science is real
- C.
  
  Only the social sciences mark progress