Chapter 13: Temperature And Kinetic Theory
- 1.When the engine of your car heats up, the spark plug gap will
- A.
Increase.
- B.
Decrease.
- C.
Remain unchanged.
- D.
Decrease at first and then increase later, so that the two effects cancel once the engine reaches operating temperature.
- 2.The coefficient of linear expansion for aluminum is 1.8 * 10^(-6) (C°)^(-1). What is its coefficient of volume expansion?
- A.
9.0 * 10^(-6) (C°)^(-1)
- B.
5.8 * 10^(-18) (C°)^(-1)
- C.
5.4 * 10^(-6) (C°)^(-1)
- D.
3.6 * 10^(-6) (C°)^(-1)
- 3.The surface water temperature on a large, deep lake is 3°C. A sensitive temperature probe is lowered several meters into the lake. What temperature will the probe record?
- A.
A temperature warmer than 3°C
- B.
A temperature less than 3°C
- C.
A temperature equal to 3°C
- D.
There is not enough information to determine.
- 4.Which temperature scale never gives negative temperatures?
- A.
Kelvin
- B.
Fahrenheit
- C.
Celsius
- D.
All of the above
- 5.Which two temperature changes are equivalent?
- A.
1 K = 1 F°
- B.
1 F° = 1 C°
- C.
1 C° = 1 K
- D.
None of the above
- 6.The temperature in your classroom is approximately
- A.
68 K.
- B.
68°C.
- C.
50°C.
- D.
295 K.
- 7.A container of an ideal gas at 1 atm is compressed to one-third its volume, with the temperature held constant. What is its final pressure?
- A.
1/3 atm
- B.
1 atm
- C.
3 atm
- D.
9 atm
- 8.If the pressure acting on an ideal gas at constant temperature is tripled, its volume is
- A.
Reduced to one-third.
- B.
Increased by a factor of three.
- C.
Increased by a factor of two.
- D.
Reduced to one-half.
- 9.According to the ideal gas Law, PV = constant for a given temperature. As a result, an increase in volume corresponds to a decrease in pressure. This happens because the molecules
- A.
Collide with each other more frequently.
- B.
Move slower on the average.
- C.
Strike the container wall less often.
- D.
Transfer less energy to the walls of the container each time they strike it.
- 10.The number of molecules in one mole of a substance
- A.
Depends on the molecular weight of the substance.
- B.
Depends on the atomic weight of the substance.
- C.
Depends on the density of the substance.
- D.
Is the same for all substances.
- 11.A container holds N molecules of an ideal gas at a given temperature. If the number of molecules in the container is increased to 2N with no change in temperature or volume, the pressure in the container
- A.
Doubles.
- B.
Remains constant.
- C.
Is cut in half.
- D.
None of the above
- 12.Both the pressure and volume of a given sample of an ideal gas double. This means that its temperature in Kelvin must
- A.
Double.
- B.
Quadruple.
- C.
Reduce to one-fourth its original value.
- D.
Remain unchanged.
- 13.The temperature of an ideal gas increases from 2°C to 4°C while remaining at constant pressure. What happens to the volume of the gas?
- A.
It decreases slightly.
- B.
It decreases to one-half its original volume.
- C.
It increases slightly.
- D.
It increases to twice as much.
- 14.A mole of diatomic oxygen molecules and a mole of diatomic nitrogen molecules at STP have
- A.
The same average molecular speeds.
- B.
The same number of molecules.
- C.
The same diffusion rates.
- D.
All of the above
- 15.Consider two equal volumes of gas at a given temperature and pressure. One gas, oxygen, has a molecular mass of 32. The other gas, nitrogen, has a molecular mass of 28. What is the ratio of the number of oxygen molecules to the number of nitrogen molecules?
- A.
32:28
- B.
28:32
- C.
1:1
- D.
None of the above
- 16.The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing only
- A.
The number of molecules in the gas.
- B.
The volume of the gas.
- C.
The pressure of the gas.
- D.
The temperature of the gas.
- 17.A sample of an ideal gas is slowly compressed to one-half its original volume with no change in temperature. What happens to the average speed of the molecules in the sample?
- A.
It does not change.
- B.
It doubles.
- C.
It halves.
- D.
None of the above
- 18.A sample of an ideal gas is heated and its Kelvin temperature doubles. What happens to the average speed of the molecules in the sample?
- A.
It does not change.
- B.
It doubles.
- C.
It halves.
- D.
None of the above
- 19.The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly proportional to which of the following?
- A.
Speed
- B.
Momentum
- C.
Kinetic energy
- D.
Mass
- 20.In order to double the average speed of the molecules in a given sample of gas, the temperature (measured in Kelvin) must
- A.
Quadruple.
- B.
Double.
- C.
Increase by a factor of square root two of its original value.
- D.
Increase by a factor of square root three of its original value.
- 21.Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a given temperature, the average molecular kinetic energy of oxygen, compared to hydrogen
- A.
Is greater.
- B.
Is less.
- C.
Is the same.
- D.
Cannot be determined since pressure and volume are not given
- 22.Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a given temperature, how do their average molecular speeds compare? The oxygen molecules are moving
- A.
4 times faster.
- B.
At 1/4 the speed.
- C.
16 times faster.
- D.
At 1/16 the speed.
- 23.A fixed container holds oxygen and helium gases at the same temperature. Which one of the following statements is correct?
- A.
The oxygen molecules have the greater kinetic energy.
- B.
The helium molecules have the greater kinetic energy.
- C.
The oxygen molecules have the greater speed.
- D.
The helium molecules have the greater speed.
- 24.A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average kinetic energy?
- A.
It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same.
- B.
The oxygen molecules do because they are diatomic.
- C.
The helium molecules do because they are less massive.
- D.
The helium molecules do because they are monatomic.
- 25.A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22°C. Which gas molecules have the greater average speed?
- A.
The helium molecules do because they are monatomic.
- B.
It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same.
- C.
The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive.
- D.
The helium molecules do because they are less massive.
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