Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Questions and Answers

1. If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then those two are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

True

False

If two systems A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third system C, it means that the temperature of A is the same as the temperature of C, and the temperature of B is also the same as the temperature of C. Therefore, the temperatures of A and B are equal, indicating that they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Hence, the statement is true.

Explanation

If two systems A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third system C, it means that the temperature of A is the same as the temperature of C, and the temperature of B is also the same as the temperature of C. Therefore, the temperatures of A and B are equal, indicating that they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Hence, the statement is true.

2. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics deals with which of the following?

Heat

Thermal equilibrium

Thermal energy

Kinetic energy

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics deals with thermal equilibrium. This law states that if two systems are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Thermal equilibrium refers to a state where there is no net flow of heat between two systems, indicating that they have reached the same temperature. This law is fundamental in understanding the behavior of heat and temperature in thermodynamic systems.

Explanation

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics deals with thermal equilibrium. This law states that if two systems are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Thermal equilibrium refers to a state where there is no net flow of heat between two systems, indicating that they have reached the same temperature. This law is fundamental in understanding the behavior of heat and temperature in thermodynamic systems.

3. Convert a room temperature of 22ºC to kelvin.

295

297

305

323

To convert a temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, you need to add 273. Therefore, to convert 22°C to Kelvin, you add 273 to get 295 K.

Explanation

To convert a temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, you need to add 273. Therefore, to convert 22°C to Kelvin, you add 273 to get 295 K.

4. What is defined as the collection of objects that we examine?

Adiabatic

Diathermic

Surrounding

System

The term "system" refers to the collection of objects that are being examined or studied. It represents the specific set of objects or substances that are the focus of analysis or observation. In scientific or engineering contexts, understanding the properties and behavior of a system is crucial for studying its interactions and making predictions. The other options provided (Adiabatic, Diathermic, and Surrounding) do not accurately define the collection of objects being examined and are therefore incorrect.

Explanation

The term "system" refers to the collection of objects that are being examined or studied. It represents the specific set of objects or substances that are the focus of analysis or observation. In scientific or engineering contexts, understanding the properties and behavior of a system is crucial for studying its interactions and making predictions. The other options provided (Adiabatic, Diathermic, and Surrounding) do not accurately define the collection of objects being examined and are therefore incorrect.

5. A thermometer works on the principle of which of the following

First law of equilibrium

Second law of equilibrium

Zeroth law of equilibrium

Law of state equilibrium

A thermometer works on the principle of the Zeroth law of equilibrium. This law states that if two objects are in thermal equilibrium with a third object, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. In the case of a thermometer, it measures the temperature by coming into thermal equilibrium with the object being measured. The Zeroth law of equilibrium allows the thermometer to accurately measure the temperature by comparing its own thermal equilibrium state with that of the object.

Explanation

A thermometer works on the principle of the Zeroth law of equilibrium. This law states that if two objects are in thermal equilibrium with a third object, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. In the case of a thermometer, it measures the temperature by coming into thermal equilibrium with the object being measured. The Zeroth law of equilibrium allows the thermometer to accurately measure the temperature by comparing its own thermal equilibrium state with that of the object.

6. Convert 50 K to ºC.

-220

220

-223

223

To convert from Kelvin (K) to Celsius (ºC), you need to subtract 273.15 from the given temperature in Kelvin. In this case, subtracting 273.15 from 50 K gives us -223.15 ºC. Since temperature is usually rounded to the nearest whole number, the correct answer is -223 ºC.

Explanation

To convert from Kelvin (K) to Celsius (ºC), you need to subtract 273.15 from the given temperature in Kelvin. In this case, subtracting 273.15 from 50 K gives us -223.15 ºC. Since temperature is usually rounded to the nearest whole number, the correct answer is -223 ºC.

7. Three thermodynamic systems are at a temperature of 60ºC. Which option is true about them?

No heat flow occurs between the three systems

The three systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other

It obeys zeroth law of thermodynamics

All of the above

The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all of the options mentioned in the question are true about the three thermodynamic systems at a temperature of 60°C. This includes the fact that no heat flow occurs between the three systems, the three systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other, and it obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

Explanation

The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all of the options mentioned in the question are true about the three thermodynamic systems at a temperature of 60°C. This includes the fact that no heat flow occurs between the three systems, the three systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other, and it obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

8. Which of the following does not allow heat to flow in and out?

Surrounding

Adiabatic

Diabatic

System

Adiabatic refers to a process or system in which there is no transfer of heat between the system and its surroundings. This means that heat cannot flow in or out of an adiabatic system. Therefore, adiabatic is the correct answer as it does not allow heat to flow in and out.

Explanation

Adiabatic refers to a process or system in which there is no transfer of heat between the system and its surroundings. This means that heat cannot flow in or out of an adiabatic system. Therefore, adiabatic is the correct answer as it does not allow heat to flow in and out.

9. A solid A is in thermal equilibrium with solid B. Solid B has the same temperature as solid C. If the three solids have different masses and compositions, which of the following statements is correct?

There will be no net transfer of energy if A is placed in thermal contact with C

B may not necessarily be in thermal equilibrium with C

A and B have the same heat capacity

A and C have the same latent heat capacity

If solid A is in thermal equilibrium with solid B and solid B has the same temperature as solid C, it means that all three solids are at the same temperature. In thermal equilibrium, there is no net transfer of energy between objects, so if solid A is placed in thermal contact with solid C, there will be no net transfer of energy. This is because they are already at the same temperature. Therefore, the statement "There will be no net transfer of energy if A is placed in thermal contact with C" is correct.

Explanation

If solid A is in thermal equilibrium with solid B and solid B has the same temperature as solid C, it means that all three solids are at the same temperature. In thermal equilibrium, there is no net transfer of energy between objects, so if solid A is placed in thermal contact with solid C, there will be no net transfer of energy. This is because they are already at the same temperature. Therefore, the statement "There will be no net transfer of energy if A is placed in thermal contact with C" is correct.

10. How much heat energy is required to melt 4 kg of ice at its melting point? (l_f = 3.35 m 10⁵ J kg^-1). Keep scientific notation.

1 340 000 J

3.35 × 105 J

1.34 × 106 J

13.4 × 105 J

The correct answer is 13.4 × 105 J. This is the correct answer because it represents the amount of heat energy required to melt 4 kg of ice at its melting point. The specific latent heat of fusion (lf) for ice is given as 3.35 × 105 J kg-1. To find the total heat energy required, we multiply the specific latent heat of fusion by the mass of the ice. In this case, 3.35 × 105 J kg-1 multiplied by 4 kg equals 13.4 × 105 J.

Explanation

The correct answer is 13.4 × 105 J. This is the correct answer because it represents the amount of heat energy required to melt 4 kg of ice at its melting point. The specific latent heat of fusion (lf) for ice is given as 3.35 × 105 J kg-1. To find the total heat energy required, we multiply the specific latent heat of fusion by the mass of the ice. In this case, 3.35 × 105 J kg-1 multiplied by 4 kg equals 13.4 × 105 J.