Ch 4 The Basic Planning Process

The correct answer is "goal". In this context, "goal" refers to a specific result or outcome that is to be achieved. It is the end result that is desired and is often the purpose or objective of a plan or action.

The given answer, planning, is correct because it encompasses the process of setting goals and courses of action, developing rules and procedures, and forecasting future outcomes. Planning involves creating a roadmap and determining the necessary steps to achieve desired objectives. It is an essential management function that helps organizations anticipate and prepare for future challenges and opportunities.

This answer suggests that the hierarchy in the organization's planning process involves top management receiving feedback from the departments, and then formulating their plans based on that feedback. The departments, in turn, draft their own plans that align with the overall plan set by top management. This hierarchical approach ensures coordination and alignment between the different levels of the organization in the planning process.

The given definition describes a plan as a method or strategy that includes both a goal and a course of action. A plan is a systematic approach to achieve a desired outcome or complete a task. It involves organizing and arranging steps or actions in a logical order to ensure efficiency and success. A plan provides a roadmap or guide to follow in order to accomplish objectives effectively.

The term "objectives" refers to specific results that are targeted or aimed for through effort. These objectives provide a clear direction and purpose for the actions and activities undertaken. They help in defining the desired outcomes and guide the allocation of resources and efforts towards achieving them.

The correct answer is hierarchy. In this context, hierarchy refers to a system or structure of plans that includes the overall company-wide plan as well as the specific plans of subsidiary units. This hierarchical arrangement ensures that all plans are aligned and contribute to the achievement of the enterprise-wide plan.

Planning entails choosing goals and courses of action and deciding what to do in the future to achieve those goals. It also involves assessing the consequences of various future courses of action. Planning is a systematic process that helps individuals or organizations determine the best way to allocate resources, set priorities, and achieve desired outcomes. It helps in reducing uncertainty and increasing the chances of success by providing a roadmap for achieving goals effectively and efficiently.