Fairly comfortable for women but not for men.
Downright grim for most pioneer families
Free of disease and premature death.
Rarely portrayed in popular literature.
Based on tight-knit communities.
The push west in search of cheap land. government regulation of all major economic industry. a vast number of European immigrants settling in the cities. the push west in search of cheap land
Government regulation of all major economic industry.
A vast number of European immigrants settling in the cities
Newly invented machinery
Better roads, faster steamboats, far-reaching canals, far spread roads
The annual population growth rate was much higher than in colonial days.
The urban population was growing at an unprecedented rate.
The birthrate was rapidly declining
The death rate was increasing
The center of population moved northward
Led to a lower death rate.
Contributed to a decline in the birthrate.
Resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities
Forced the federal government to slow immigration.
Created sharp political conflict between farmers and urbanites
People.
Potatoes.
Wool.
Whiskey. whiskey
Music
Were mostly Roman Catholics and hated the British
Tended to settle on western farmlands
Were warmly welcomed by American workers.
Identified and sympathized with free American blacks.
Were often members of the Irish Republican Army.
Were poor
Were thought to love alcohol
Were Roman Catholic
Frequently became police officers
Were slow to learn English
Often became Baptist or Methodists to escape nativism hatred.
Mixed well with other Americans.
Remained mostly in the Northeast.
Prospered with astonishing ease.
Dropped most of their German customs.
The cult of domesticity.
Nativism
Unitarianism
“rugged individualism”
“nationalistic patriotism”
Want to attend school with Protestants.
Overwhelm the native-born Catholics and control the church
“establish” the Catholic church at the expense of Protestantism.
Assume control of the “Know Nothing” party.
Establish monasteries and convents in the west.
Robert Fulton
Samuel F. B. Morse
Eli Whitney
Samuel Slater
Thomas Edison
Steamboat
Cotton gin
Railroad locomotive
Telegraph
Repeating revolver
Cotton gin
Musket
Use of interchangeable parts
Principle of limited liability
Passing of protective tariffs
Samuel Morse 1. Telegraph
Cyrus McCormick 2. Mower-reaper
Elias Howe 3: Steamboat
Robert Fulton 4: Sewing machine
Substantial employment of women and children in factories.
Strikes by workers that were few in number but usually effective. strikes by workers that were few in number but usually effective
A general lengthening of the workday from ten to fourteen hours.
Extensive political activity among workers.
Reliance on the system of apprentices and masters.
Corporations were unconstitutional.
Labor unions were not illegal conspiracies
Labor strikes were illegal, they violated the Fair Labor Acts.
The Boston Associates employment of young woman and children in their factories was inhumane.
The state could regulate factory wages and working conditions.
Gave women more opportunity to seem employment out of the home
Resulted in more pregnancies for women
Restricted women’s moral influence on the family.
Glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers
Was especially strong among rural women.
Subsistence farming became common. subsistence farming became common. subsistence farming became common
Farmers began to support the idea of slave labor
Farmers quickly faced mounting indebtedness.
The South could harvest a larger crop.
The issue of farm surpluses came to the forefront
Mainline Canal in Pennsylvania
James River Canal beginning in Virginia.
Wabash Canal in Indiana.
Panama Canal
Erie Canal in New York.
Were more expensive to construct
Transported freight more slowly.
Were generally safer.
Were susceptible to weather delays
Could be built almost anywhere.
Fewer slaves were needed on plantations.
Short-staple cotton lost popularity
Slavery was reinvigorated.
Thomas Jefferson predicted the gradual death of slavery.
The African slave trade was legalized.
Produced fewer front-rank statesmen than the North
Dominated society and politics in the South
Provided democratic rule in the South
Promoted tax-supported public education
Kept up developments in modern thought.
It relied mainly on artificial means to fertilize the soil
It required leaving cropland fallow every other year.
Excessive water was used for irrigation.
It was too diversified, thus taking essential nutrients from the soil
Its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land.
Had little contact with slaves
Primarily controlled male slaves
Frequently supported abolitionism
Commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves
Were almost universally loved by their slaves
Supporting their right to full citizenship.
Disliking the race but liking individual blacks.
Advocating black movement into the new territories
Politically sympathetic but socially segregationist
Disliking the individuals but liking the race
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