Cellular Respiration - Glycolysis Test
Welcome to the new Electronic Frontier Advanced Biology Classroom of the 21st Century. This test will focus on the cellular respiration process called "glycolysis". Cellular respiration involves four major steps: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
As "fill-in" questions appear in this test, please enter your answer(s) using all lower case letters. Unless the question site has specific directions for you to follow. I hope you find this testing instrument very helpful in learning cellular respiration! GOOD LUCK!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
How many carbon atoms are found in 1 molecule of glucose?
Explanation
Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. This means that there are 6 carbon atoms present in each molecule of glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is 6 or six.Rate this question:
- 2.
The glycolysis pathway or cycle occurs in the cytoplasm of animal and plant cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of both animal and plant cells. It is the initial step in the breakdown of glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP. During glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate, which can then be further metabolized in the presence of oxygen or undergo fermentation in the absence of oxygen. Since glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both animal and plant cells, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Step 1 produces a 6 carbon compound with ____ phosphate groups. (Please enter a number from 0 to 10.)
- A.
5
- B.
2
- C.
1
Correct Answer
C. 1Explanation
Step 1 produces a 6 carbon compound with 1 phosphate group.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an organic molecule that accepts ____ during redox reactions.
Correct Answer
electrons, hydrogen ionsExplanation
During redox reactions, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) functions as an electron carrier, accepting electrons and hydrogen ions. This process allows NAD+ to be reduced to NADH, storing energy in the form of high-energy electrons. NADH can then donate these electrons to the electron transport chain, facilitating the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, NAD+ plays a crucial role in cellular respiration and energy metabolism.Rate this question:
- 5.
38 ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules are produced in 1 cycle of glycolysis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In glycolysis, which is the first step of cellular respiration, only 2 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule. This occurs through a series of enzymatic reactions that convert glucose into pyruvate. Therefore, the statement that 38 ATP molecules are produced in 1 cycle of glycolysis is false.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Step 3 produces which an organic molecule called_____.
- A.
P - C - C - P
- B.
P - C -C -C -P
- C.
P - C - C - C - C - C - C - P
Correct Answer
C. P - C - C - C - C - C - C - PExplanation
Step 3 produces an organic molecule called P - C - C - C - C - C - C - P.Rate this question:
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- 7.
8 molecules of hydrogen hydroxide (water) are produced in step 4 of glycolysis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In step 4 of glycolysis, 2 molecules of water are produced, not 8 molecules. Therefore, the statement that 8 molecules of hydrogen hydroxide (water) are produced in step 4 of glycolysis is false.Rate this question:
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- 8.
One six carbon molecule of _____ is oxidized to produce two 3 carbon molecules of pyruvic acid.
- A.
Fructose
- B.
Glucose
- C.
Galactose
Correct Answer
B. GlucoseExplanation
Glucose is the correct answer because during the process of glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Fructose and galactose are also carbohydrates, but they do not directly produce pyruvic acid through oxidation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
How many phosphate group(s) are found in the molecule of Glucose 6-phosphate? (Please enter your answer using a number, not text.)
Correct Answer
1Explanation
Glucose 6-phosphate is a phosphorylated form of glucose, meaning it has one phosphate group attached to it. This phosphate group is attached to the sixth carbon atom of the glucose molecule. Therefore, there is only one phosphate group present in the molecule of Glucose 6-phosphate.Rate this question:
- 10.
G3P is an organic molecule called "glucose 3-phosphate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
G3P is not an organic molecule called "glucose 3-phosphate". G3P stands for glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which is an intermediate molecule in the process of glycolysis and the Calvin cycle. Glucose 3-phosphate, on the other hand, is an organic molecule that is involved in the initial steps of glucose metabolism. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is the name of the three carbon molecule produced at the end of glycolysis?
Correct Answer
pyruvic acid, pyruvateExplanation
Pyruvic acid and pyruvate are both correct names for the three carbon molecule produced at the end of glycolysis. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, which can then be further metabolized in different pathways depending on the presence or absence of oxygen. The terms "pyruvic acid" and "pyruvate" are used interchangeably to refer to the same molecule, with "pyruvate" being the ionized form of the acid.Rate this question:
- 12.
How many molecules in glycolysis contain only 1 phosphate group?
- A.
10
- B.
2
- C.
4
- D.
7
- E.
8
Correct Answer
D. 7Explanation
In glycolysis, there are 7 molecules that contain only 1 phosphate group. This is because glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. During this process, glucose is phosphorylated twice, resulting in the formation of two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, each containing one phosphate group. Additionally, there are two molecules of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, two molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate, and one molecule of pyruvate, each containing one phosphate group. Therefore, the total number of molecules in glycolysis with only 1 phosphate group is 7.Rate this question:
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- 13.
There are 8 ATP molecules are formed during glycolysis?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
During glycolysis, only 2 ATP molecules are formed. The process of glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and during this process, a net gain of 2 ATP molecules is produced. The remaining ATP molecules are generated in subsequent stages of cellular respiration, such as the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the statement that 8 ATP molecules are formed during glycolysis is false.Rate this question:
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- 14.
How many 3 carbon molecules are located in the glycolysis cycle found attached to this question?
- A.
7
- B.
2
- C.
4
- D.
6
- E.
10
Correct Answer
A. 7Explanation
In the glycolysis cycle, there are 7 three-carbon molecules. This is because glucose, which is a six-carbon molecule, is broken down into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvate. Each glucose molecule produces two pyruvate molecules, resulting in a total of 7 three-carbon molecules in the glycolysis cycle.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What step is water produced in glycolysis? (HINT: Please observe glycolysis cycle above!)
- A.
2
- B.
6
- C.
4
- D.
9
- E.
8
Correct Answer
E. 8Explanation
In glycolysis, water is produced during step 8. This step is known as the enolase reaction, where 2-phosphoglycerate is converted into phosphoenolpyruvate. During this conversion, a water molecule is eliminated, resulting in the production of water. Therefore, the correct answer is 8.Rate this question:
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- 16.
How many total NAD+ molecules are removing electrons from the glycolysis cycle shown in the diagram? (Please enter your answer using numbers, not text.)
Correct Answer
1 - 17.
How many ADP molecules are found in the glycolysis cycle? (Please use the diagram attached to this question.)
- A.
3
- B.
6
- C.
12
- D.
18
Correct Answer
B. 6Explanation
In the glycolysis cycle, ADP molecules are converted into ATP molecules through the process of substrate-level phosphorylation. This occurs twice during glycolysis, resulting in a total of 2 ATP molecules produced. Since each ATP molecule consists of one ADP molecule, the total number of ADP molecules in the glycolysis cycle is also 2. However, the correct answer provided is 6, which is not consistent with the process of glycolysis. Therefore, the explanation for the given correct answer is not available.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which one of the following molecules are formed after the interaction of glucose and ATP?
- A.
Glucose 6-phosphate
- B.
Fructose 1,6 diphosphate
- C.
Pyruvic Acic
- D.
Glyceraldhyde 3-phosphate
Correct Answer
A. Glucose 6-phosphateExplanation
Glucose 6-phosphate is formed after the interaction of glucose and ATP. This is because glucose is phosphorylated by ATP to form glucose 6-phosphate, which is an important intermediate in both glycolysis and glycogen synthesis. It is the first step in the breakdown of glucose and plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 19.
How many net ATP molecules are produced from 1 glucose molecule?
- A.
2
- B.
4
- C.
6
- D.
8
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
During the process of cellular respiration, 1 glucose molecule is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate through a series of reactions known as glycolysis. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. Each molecule of pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it undergoes further reactions to produce energy in the form of ATP. During this process, 2 molecules of ATP are directly produced from each molecule of glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
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- 20.
How many net ATP molecules are produced from 10 glucose molecules?
- A.
10
- B.
20
- C.
30
- D.
60
Correct Answer
B. 20Explanation
Each molecule of glucose produces 2 molecules of ATP through glycolysis, 2 molecules of ATP through the Krebs cycle, and 32 molecules of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, for 10 glucose molecules, the total number of ATP molecules produced is 2 (glycolysis) + 2 (Krebs cycle) + 32 (oxidative phosphorylation) = 36 ATP molecules. However, during the process, 2 ATP molecules are used as an initial investment, so the net ATP produced is 36 - 2 = 34 ATP molecules.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What does NAD+ stand for in cellular respiration?
- A.
Adenosine Diphosphate
- B.
Adenosine Triphosphate
- C.
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
- D.
Guanosine Triphosphate
- E.
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
Correct Answer
E. Nicotinamide Adenine DinucleotideExplanation
NAD+ stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in cellular respiration. NAD+ is a coenzyme that plays a crucial role in the transfer of electrons during the process of cellular respiration. It acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons from glucose and transferring them to the electron transport chain. This transfer of electrons is essential for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Therefore, NAD+ is an important molecule in cellular respiration, facilitating the conversion of glucose into usable energy.Rate this question:
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- 22.
When NAD+ accepts electrons, what is the name of the product formed from this reaction?
- A.
ADP
- B.
FAD
- C.
GTP
- D.
NADH
- E.
NADP
Correct Answer
D. NADHExplanation
NAD+ accepts electrons during redox reactions and is reduced to form NADH. NADH is the reduced form of NAD+ and is an important molecule in cellular respiration, as it carries the electrons to the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate ATP. ADP, FAD, GTP, and NADP are not the products formed from this reaction.Rate this question:
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- 23.
2-Phosphoglyceric Acid has three carbon atoms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
2-Phosphoglyceric acid is an intermediate molecule in the process of glycolysis, which is the breakdown of glucose. It is formed from the splitting of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, the statement that 2-Phosphoglyceric acid has three carbon atoms is true.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Fructose 6-phosphate is produced from Phosphoenol Pyruvic Acid.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Fructose 6-phosphate is not produced from Phosphoenol Pyruvic Acid. The correct pathway is that fructose 6-phosphate is produced from glucose 6-phosphate through the action of the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase. Phosphoenol pyruvic acid is a precursor molecule in the glycolysis pathway and is not directly involved in the production of fructose 6-phosphate.Rate this question:
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- 25.
1,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid has three carbon and 4 phosphorus atoms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
1,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid is a molecule that contains three carbon atoms, but it only has two phosphorus atoms, not four. Therefore, the statement that it has three carbon and four phosphorus atoms is false.Rate this question:
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- 26.
1,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid has three carbon and 4 phosphorus atoms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
1,3-Diphosphoglyceric Acid is a molecule that contains three carbon atoms, but it only has two phosphorus atoms, not four. Therefore, the statement that it has three carbon and four phosphorus atoms is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 27.
How many carbon atoms are found in the molecule, 3-phosphoglycerate? (Please enter your answer using a number from 0 to 20.)
Correct Answer
3Explanation
3-phosphoglycerate is a molecule that consists of a glycerate backbone with a phosphate group attached to the third carbon atom. Since the molecule is named 3-phosphoglycerate, it indicates that the phosphate group is attached to the third carbon atom. Therefore, there are three carbon atoms in the molecule.Rate this question:
- 28.
How many ATP's have been converted to ADP by step 4 in glycolysis? (Please enter your answer using a number from 0 to 10.)
Correct Answer
2Explanation
In step 4 of glycolysis, two ATP molecules are converted to ADP. This step is known as the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, where an enzyme called phosphofructokinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to fructose-6-phosphate, forming fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and ADP. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
- 29.
How many pyruvic acid molecules are produced by the final step of glycolysis?
- A.
2
- B.
4
- C.
6
- D.
12
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
In the final step of glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Phosphorylation is found in glycolysis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Phosphorylation is an essential step in glycolysis, a metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, and several reactions involve the addition of phosphate groups to molecules. This process, known as phosphorylation, helps to activate or inactivate enzymes, allowing for the regulation of glycolysis. Therefore, it is correct to say that phosphorylation is found in glycolysis.Rate this question:
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.gif "Step 1 produces a 6 carbon compound with ____ phosphate groups. (Please enter a number from 0 to 10.)")
.png "Step 3 produces which an organic molecule called_____.")
.gif "8 molecules of hydrogen hydroxide (water) are produced in step 4 of glycolysis.")
.png "How many 3 carbon molecules are located in the glycolysis cycle found attached to this question?")
.png "How many total NAD+ molecules are removing electrons from the glycolysis cycle shown in the diagram? (Please enter your answer using numbers, not text.)")
.png "How many ADP molecules are found in the glycolysis cycle? (Please use the diagram attached to this question.)")
.gif "When NAD+ accepts electrons, what is the name of the product formed from this reaction?")
.gif "2-Phosphoglyceric Acid has three carbon atoms.")
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