Cell Bio Study Guide

49 Questions | By Denise_gov | Last updated: Mar 17, 2022 | Total Attempts: 75

Questions

Settings

Create your own Quiz

Cell Bio #3 - Is radiation really safe? Hmmmm

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following is the major function of the process of meiosis?
- A.
  
  Synthesize physical characteristics
- B.
  
  Reduce then number of chromosomes by half
- C.
  
  Increase the number of germ cells
- D.
  
  Synthesize proteins
2.

The DNA macromolecule, the sequence of ________ determines the characteristics of every living thing.
- A.
  
  Sugars
- B.
  
  Phosphates
- C.
  
  Nitrogenous organic bases
- D.
  
  Hydrogen bonds
3.

In the human cell, protein sunthesis occurs in which of the following locations?
- A.
  
  Nucleus
- B.
  
  Mitochondria
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Endoplasmic Reticulum
4.

Which of the following is a process of reduction cell division
- A.
  
  Mitosis
- B.
  
  Meiosis
- C.
  
  Molecular synthesis
- D.
  
  Amnicentesis
5.

Which of the following produces antibodies
- A.
  
  Erythrocytes
- B.
  
  Lymphocytes
- C.
  
  Thrombocytes
- D.
  
  Platelets
6.

Which of the following cellular organelles function as cellular garbage disposals
- A.
  
  Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
  
  Mitochondria
- C.
  
  Lysosomes
- D.
  
  Ribosomes
7.

The nucleolus contains which of the following
- A.
  
  Centrosomes
- B.
  
  Ribonucleic acid
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Lysosomes
8.

Radiation induced chromosomes damage may be evaluated during which of the following processes
- A.
  
  Prophase
- B.
  
  Metaphase
- C.
  
  Anaphase
- D.
  
  Telophase
9.

THe cytoplasm makes up the bulk of the cell and containes a number of intracellular structures, which include:1. Endoplasmic reticulum 2. mitochondria3. ribosomes4. lysosomes
- A.
  
  1 and 2
- B.
  
  2 and 3
- C.
  
  3 and 4
- D.
  
  2, 3, and 4
- E.
  
  1, 2, 3, and 4
10.

The process of reduction division of the Germ cells that reduces the number of chromosomes from 46 to 23 is termed:
- A.
  
  Organogensis
- B.
  
  Meiosis
- C.
  
  Mitosis
- D.
  
  Regeneration
11.

The nucleic acid that serves as the command or control molecule for cell function is the:
- A.
  
  DNA
- B.
  
  RNA
- C.
  
  TRNA
- D.
  
  MRNA
12.

_________are also called fat, serves as a thermal insulator, and as fuel for the body by providing energy stores.
- A.
  
  Water molecules
- B.
  
  Proteins
- C.
  
  Lipids
- D.
  
  Carbohydrates
13.

If exposure to ionizing radiation damages the components involved in molecular synthesis beyond repair, cells do which of the following?
- A.
  
  Continues to funtion
- B.
  
  Functions abnormally or dies
- C.
  
  Repair themselves immediately because of enzymatic proteins they contain
- D.
  
  Reproduce themselves in pairs
14.

Somatic cells divid through the process of
- A.
  
  Meiosis
- B.
  
  Mitosis
- C.
  
  Mapping
- D.
  
  Metabolism
15.

Chemical secretions that are manufactured by various endocrine glands and carried by the blood stream to influence the activities or other parts of the body are termed.
- A.
  
  Amino acids
- B.
  
  Antibodies
- C.
  
  Hormones
- D.
  
  Disacchrides
16.

DNA regulates cellular activity indirectly by reproducing itself in the form of ________to carry genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes located in the cytoplasm.
- A.
  
  Messenger DNA
- B.
  
  Messenger RNA
- C.
  
  Messenger REM
- D.
  
  Transfer RNA
17.

A radiation exposure to which of the following systems will most likely result in damage to the blood forming organs?
- A.
  
  Central nervous system
- B.
  
  Urinary system
- C.
  
  Biliary system
- D.
  
  Skeletal system
18.

Genetic effects from the exposure to ionizing radiation occur as a result of radiation-induced damage to the DNA molecule in which of the following?1. sperm of an adult male2. ova of an adult female3. somatic cells of male and female adults
- A.
  
  1 only
- B.
  
  2 only
- C.
  
  3 only
- D.
  
  1 and 2
- E.
  
  1,2, and 3
19.

If the human injury is not observable for many months or years, after radiation exposure, the radiation response (damage) is termed:
- A.
  
  Early effect of radiation
- B.
  
  Late effect of radiation
- C.
  
  Radiographic effect of radiation
- D.
  
  Unknown effect of radiation
20.

Intestinal Crypt cells fall in the high radiosensitive category. Which of the following cell types also fall in the high radiosensitive category?
- A.
  
  Spermatogonia
- B.
  
  Lymphocytes
- C.
  
  Oogonia
- D.
  
  B and c only
- E.
  
  A, b, and c
21.

Ionizing radiation can adversly affect the cell. Damage to the cell's nucleus reveals itself in which of the following ways?
- A.
  
  Instant death
- B.
  
  Reproductive death
- C.
  
  Chromosome breakage
- D.
  
  B and c
- E.
  
  A, b, and c
22.

Radiation can induce genetic damage by which of the following means?
- A.
  
  Interacting with somatic cells of only one parent
- B.
  
  Interacting with somatic cells of both parents
- C.
  
  Altering the essential base cosing sequence of DNA
- D.
  
  None of the above
23.

Radiation damage is observed on which of the following three levels
- A.
  
  Molecular, cellular, and inorganic
- B.
  
  Molecular, cellular, and organic
- C.
  
  Microscopic, molecular, and organic
- D.
  
  Organic, inorganic, and cellular
24.

The average energy deposited per unit length of track through a medium is called:
- A.
  
  Relative biologic effectiveness
- B.
  
  Oxygen enhancement ratio
- C.
  
  Linear energy transfer
- D.
  
  Radiation energy effectiveness
25.

The combined processes of ____and ____contribute to recovery from sublethal radiation damage.
- A.
  
  Repair and repopulation
- B.
  
  Repair and degeneration
- C.
  
  Repair and renovation
- D.
  
  Repair and Restoration